LM135H-MIL [NSC]
Precision Temperature Sensors; 高精度温度传感器
| 型号： | LM135H-MIL |
| 厂家： | 
National Semiconductor |
| 描述： | Precision Temperature Sensors |
| 文件： | 总14页 (文件大小：294K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
November 2000
LM135/LM235/LM335, LM135A/LM235A/LM335A
Precision Temperature Sensors
temperature range. The LM335 operates from −40˚C to
+100˚C. The LM135/LM235/LM335 are available packaged
in hermetic TO-46 transistor packages while the LM335 is
also available in plastic TO-92 packages.
General Description
The LM135 series are precision, easily-calibrated, integrated
circuit temperature sensors. Operating as a 2-terminal zener,
the LM135 has a breakdown voltage directly proportional to
absolute temperature at +10 mV/˚K. With less than 1Ω dy-
namic impedance the device operates over a current range
of 400 µA to 5 mA with virtually no change in performance.
When calibrated at 25˚C the LM135 has typically less than
1˚C error over a 100˚C temperature range. Unlike other
sensors the LM135 has a linear output.
Features
n Directly calibrated in ˚Kelvin
n 1˚C initial accuracy available
n Operates from 400 µA to 5 mA
n Less than 1Ω dynamic impedance
n Easily calibrated
Applications for the LM135 include almost any type of tem-
perature sensing over a −55˚C to +150˚C temperature
range. The low impedance and linear output make interfac-
ing to readout or control circuitry especially easy.
n Wide operating temperature range
n 200˚C overrange
n Low cost
The LM135 operates over a −55˚C to +150˚C temperature
range while the LM235 operates over a −40˚C to +125˚C
Schematic Diagram
DS005698-1
© 2000 National Semiconductor Corporation
DS005698
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Connection Diagrams
TO-92
Plastic Package
SO-8
TO-46
Metal Can Package*
Surface Mount Package
DS005698-8
Bottom View
Order Number LM335Z
or LM335AZ
DS005698-26
DS005698-25
*Case is connected to negative pin
Order Number LM335M
See NS Package
Number M08A
Bottom View
Order Number LM135H,
LM135H-MIL, LM235H,
LM335H, LM135AH,
LM235AH or LM335AH
See NS Package
See NS Package
Number Z03A
Number H03H
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2
Specified Operating Temp. Range
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 4)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
Continuous
Intermittent
(Note 2)
LM135, LM135A −55˚C to +150˚C
LM235, LM235A −40˚C to +125˚C
LM335, LM335A −40˚C to +100˚C
Lead Temp. (Soldering, 10 seconds)
TO-92 Package:
150˚C to 200˚C
125˚C to 150˚C
100˚C to 125˚C
Reverse Current
Forward Current
Storage Temperature
TO-46 Package
TO-92 Package
SO-8 Package
15 mA
10 mA
260˚C
−60˚C to +180˚C
−60˚C to +150˚C
−65˚C to +150˚C
TO-46 Package:
300˚C
300˚C
215˚C
220˚C
SO-8 Package:
Vapor Phase (60 seconds):
Infrared (15 seconds):
Temperature Accuracy (Note 1)
LM135/LM235, LM135A/LM235A
Parameter
Conditions
LM135A/LM235A
LM135/LM235
Units
Min
Typ
2.98
0.5
Max
Min
Typ
2.98
1
Max
3.01
3
Operating Output Voltage
Uncalibrated Temperature Error
Uncalibrated Temperature Error
Temperature Error with 25˚C
Calibration
TC = 25˚C, IR = 1 mA
2.97
2.99
1
2.95
V
TC = 25˚C, IR = 1 mA
˚C
˚C
˚C
TMIN ≤ TC ≤ TMAX, IR = 1 mA
TMIN ≤ TC ≤ TMAX, IR = 1 mA
1.3
2.7
1
2
5
0.3
0.5
1.5
Calibrated Error at Extended
Temperatures
TC = TMAX (Intermittent)
IR = 1 mA
2
2
˚C
˚C
Non-Linearity
0.3
0.5
0.3
1
Temperature Accuracy (Note 1)
LM335, LM335A
Parameter
Conditions
LM335A
LM335
Units
Min
Typ
2.98
1
Max
3.01
3
Min
Typ
2.98
2
Max
3.04
6
Operating Output Voltage
Uncalibrated Temperature Error
Uncalibrated Temperature Error
Temperature Error with 25˚C
Calibration
TC = 25˚C, IR = 1 mA
2.95
2.92
V
TC = 25˚C, IR = 1 mA
˚C
˚C
˚C
TMIN ≤ TC ≤ TMAX, IR = 1 mA
TMIN ≤ TC ≤ TMAX, IR = 1 mA
2
5
4
9
0.5
1
1
2
Calibrated Error at Extended
Temperatures
TC = TMAX (Intermittent)
IR = 1 mA
2
2
˚C
˚C
Non-Linearity
0.3
1.5
0.3
1.5
Electrical Characteristics (Note 1)
LM135/LM235
LM335
Parameter
Conditions
LM135A/LM235A
LM335A
Units
Min
Typ
Max
10
Min
Typ
Max
14
Operating Output Voltage
Change with Current
Dynamic Impedance
Output Voltage Temperature
Coefficient
400 µA≤IR≤5 mA
2.5
3
mV
At Constant Temperature
IR=1 mA
0.5
0.6
Ω
+10
+10
mV/˚C
Time Constant
Still Air
80
10
1
80
10
1
sec
sec
100 ft/Min Air
Stirred Oil
TC=125˚C
sec
Time Stability
0.2
0.2
˚C/khr
3
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Electrical Characteristics (Note 1) (Continued)
Note 1: Accuracy measurements are made in a well-stirred oil bath. For other conditions, self heating must be considered.
Note 2: Continuous operation at these temperatures for 10,000 hours for H package and 5,000 hours for Z package may decrease life expectancy of the device.
Note 3:
Thermal Resistance
θJA (junction to ambient)
θJC (junction to case)
TO-92
TO-46
400˚C/W
N/A
SO-8
202˚C/W
170˚C/W
165˚C/W
N/A
Note 4: Refer to RETS135H for military specifications.
Typical Performance Characteristics
Reverse Voltage Change
Calibrated Error
Reverse Characteristics
DS005698-27
DS005698-28
DS005698-31
DS005698-34
DS005698-29
Response Time
Dynamic Impedance
Noise Voltage
DS005698-30
DS005698-32
Thermal Resistance
Junction to Air
Thermal Response in Still Air
Thermal Time Constant
DS005698-35
DS005698-33
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
Thermal Response in Stirred Oil Bath
Forward Characteristics
DS005698-36
DS005698-37
To insure good sensing accuracy several precautions must
be taken. Like any temperature sensing device, self heating
can reduce accuracy. The LM135 should be operated at the
lowest current suitable for the application. Sufficient current,
of course, must be available to drive both the sensor and the
calibration pot at the maximum operating temperature as
well as any external loads.
Application Hints
CALIBRATING THE LM135
Included on the LM135 chip is an easy method of calibrating
the device for higher accuracies. A pot connected across the
LM135 with the arm tied to the adjustment terminal allows a
1-point calibration of the sensor that corrects for inaccuracy
over the full temperature range.
If the sensor is used in an ambient where the thermal resis-
tance is constant, self heating errors can be calibrated out.
This is possible if the device is run with a temperature stable
current. Heating will then be proportional to zener voltage
and therefore temperature. This makes the self heating error
proportional to absolute temperature the same as scale
factor errors.
This single point calibration works because the output of the
LM135 is proportional to absolute temperature with the ex-
trapolated output of sensor going to 0V output at 0˚K
(−273.15˚C). Errors in output voltage versus temperature are
only slope (or scale factor) errors so a slope calibration at
one temperature corrects at all temperatures.
The output of the device (calibrated or uncalibrated) can be
expressed as:
WATERPROOFING SENSORS
Meltable inner core heat shrinkable tubing such as manufac-
tured by Raychem can be used to make low-cost waterproof
1
sensors. The LM335 is inserted into the tubing about
⁄2"
from the end and the tubing heated above the melting point
1
of the core. The unfilled
over the device.
⁄2" end melts and provides a seal
where T is the unknown temperature and To is a reference
temperature, both expressed in degrees Kelvin. By calibrat-
ing the output to read correctly at one temperature the output
at all temperatures is correct. Nominally the output is cali-
brated at 10 mV/˚K.
Typical Applications
Basic Temperature Sensor
Calibrated Sensor
Wide Operating Supply
DS005698-2
DS005698-9
*Calibrate for 2.982V at 25˚C
DS005698-10
5
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Typical Applications (Continued)
Minimum Temperature Sensing
Average Temperature Sensing
Remote Temperature Sensing
DS005698-19
DS005698-4
Wire length for 1˚C error due to wire drop
*
IR = 0.5 mA
IR = 1
mA
DS005698-18
AWG
14
FEET
4000
2500
1600
1000
625
FEET
8000
5000
3200
2000
1250
800
16
18
20
22
24
400
*
For I = 0.5 mA, the trim pot must be deleted.
R
Isolated Temperature Sensor
DS005698-20
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Typical Applications (Continued)
Simple Temperature Controller
DS005698-5
Simple Temperature Control
DS005698-21
Ground Referred Fahrenheit Thermometer
Centigrade Thermometer
DS005698-22
DS005698-23
*Adjust R2 for 2.554V across LM336.
Adjust R1 for correct output.
*Adjust for 2.7315V at output of LM308
7
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Typical Applications (Continued)
Fahrenheit Thermometer
DS005698-24
*To calibrate adjust R2 for 2.554V across LM336.
Adjust R1 for correct output.
THERMOCOUPLE COLD JUNCTION COMPENSATION
Compensation for Grounded Thermocouple
DS005698-6
*
Select R3 for proper thermocouple type
THERMO-
R3
SEEBECK
COEFFICIENT
52.3 µV/˚C
42.8 µV/˚C
40.8 µV/˚C
6.4 µV/˚C
±
COUPLE
( 1%)
377Ω
308Ω
293Ω
45.8Ω
J
T
K
S
Adjustments: Compensates for both sensor and resistor tolerances
1. Short LM329B
2. Adjust R1 for Seebeck Coefficient times ambient temperature (in degrees K) across R3.
3. Short LM335 and adjust R2 for voltage across R3 corresponding to thermocouple type
J
14.32 mV
11.79 mV
K
S
11.17 mV
1.768 mV
T
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Typical Applications (Continued)
Single Power Supply Cold Junction Compensation
DS005698-11
*
Select R3 and R4 for thermocouple type
THERMO-
R3
R4
SEEBECK
COEFFICIENT
52.3 µV/˚C
42.8 µV/˚C
40.8 µV/˚C
6.4 µV/˚C
COUPLE
J
T
K
1.05K
856Ω
816Ω
128Ω
385Ω
315Ω
300Ω
46.3Ω
S
Adjustments:
1. Adjust R1 for the voltage across R3 equal to the Seebeck Coefficient times ambient temperature in degrees Kelvin.
2. Adjust R2 for voltage across R4 corresponding to thermocouple
J
T
K
S
14.32 mV
11.79 mV
11.17 mV
1.768 mV
9
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Typical Applications (Continued)
Centigrade Calibrated Thermocouple Thermometer
DS005698-12
Terminate thermocouple reference junction in close proximity to LM335.
Adjustments:
1. Apply signal in place of thermocouple and adjust R3 for a gain of 245.7.
2. Short non-inverting input of LM308A and output of LM329B to ground.
@
= 2.982V 25˚C.
3. Adjust R1 so that V
OUT
@
= 246 mV 25˚C.
4. Remove short across LM329B and adjust R2 so that V
5. Remove short across thermocouple.
OUT
Fast Charger for Nickel-Cadmium Batteries
Differential Temperature Sensor
DS005698-7
DS005698-13
†
Adjust D1 to 50 mV greater V than D2.
Z
Charge terminates on 5˚C temperature rise. Couple D2 to battery.
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Typical Applications (Continued)
Differential Temperature Sensor
DS005698-14
Variable Offset Thermometer
DS005698-15
†
Adjust for zero with sensor at 0˚C and 10T pot set at 0˚C
*Adjust for zero output with 10T pot set at 100˚C and sensor at 100˚C
Output reads difference between temperature and dial setting of 10T pot
11
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Typical Applications (Continued)
*
Air Flow Detector
Ground Referred Centigrade Thermometer
DS005698-17
*Self heating is used to detect air flow
DS005698-16
Calibrated Temperature Error: The error between operat-
ing output voltage and case temperature at 10 mV/˚K over a
temperature range at a specified operating current with the
25˚C error adjusted to zero.
Definition of Terms
Operating Output Voltage: The voltage appearing across
the positive and negative terminals of the device at specified
conditions of operating temperature and current.
Uncalibrated Temperature Error: The error between the
operating output voltage at 10 mV/˚K and case temperature
at specified conditions of current and case temperature.
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12
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
Metal Can Package (H)
Order Number LM135H, LM235H, LM335H, LM135AH, LM235AH or LM335AH
NS Package Number H03H
8-Lead Molded Small Outline Package (M)
Order Number LM335M
NS Package Number M08A
13
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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
Plastic Package
Order Number LM335Z or LM335AZ
NS Package Z03A
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into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and
whose failure to perform when properly used in
accordance with instructions for use provided in the
labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a
significant injury to the user.
2. A critical component is any component of a life
support device or system whose failure to perform
can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of
the life support device or system, or to affect its
safety or effectiveness.
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