5962-8601601QA [INTERSIL]
CMOS 8/16-Bit Microprocessor; CMOS 8位/ 16位微处理器型号: | 5962-8601601QA |
厂家: | Intersil |
描述: | CMOS 8/16-Bit Microprocessor |
文件: | 总32页 (文件大小:248K) |
中文: | 中文翻译 | 下载: | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
80C88
CMOS 8/16-Bit Microprocessor
March 1997
Features
Description
• Compatible with NMOS 8088
The Intersil 80C88 high performance 8/16-bit CMOS CPU is
manufactured using a self-aligned silicon gate CMOS pro-
cess (Scaled SAJI IV). Two modes of operation, MINimum
for small systems and MAXimum for larger applications such
as multiprocessing, allow user configuration to achieve the
highest performance level.
• Direct Software Compatibility with 80C86, 8086, 8088
• 8-Bit Data Bus Interface; 16-Bit Internal Architecture
[ /Title
(80C88
)
/Sub-
ject
• Completely Static CMOS Design
- DC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5MHz (80C88)
- DC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8MHz (80C88-2)
Full TTL compatibility (with the exception of CLOCK) and
industry-standard operation allow use of existing NMOS
8088 hardware and Intersil CMOS peripherals.
• Low Power Operation
(CMO
S 8/16-
Bit
Micro-
proces-
sor)
/Autho
r ()
/Key-
words
(Inter-
sil
- ICCSB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500µA Maximum
- ICCOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10mA/MHz Maximum
Complete software compatibility with the 80C86, 8086, and
8088 microprocessors allows use of existing software in new
designs.
• 1 Megabyte of Direct Memory Addressing Capability
• 24 Operand Addressing Modes
• Bit, Byte, Word, and Block Move Operations
• 8-Bit and 16-Bit Signed/Unsigned Arithmetic
• Bus-Hold Circuitry Eliminates Pull-up Resistors
• Wide Operating Temperature Ranges
o
o
- C80C88 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 C to + 70 C
o
o
- I80C88 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40 C to +85 C
o
o
- M80C88 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -55 C to +125 C
Corpo-
ration,
8/16
Ordering Information
Bit uP,
micro-
proces-
sor, 8
bit, 16
bit, 8-
bit, 16-
bit,
8088,
PC)
/Cre-
ator ()
PACKAGE
Plastic DIP
TEMPERATURE RANGE
5MHz
8MHz
CP80C88-2
PKG. NO.
E40.6
o
o
0 C to +70 C
CP80C88
IP80C88
CS80C88
lS80C88
CD80C88
ID80C88
o
o
-40 C to +85 C
IP80C88-2
CS80C88-2
IS80C88-2
CD80C88-2
ID80C88-2
MD80C88-2/B
-
E40.6
N44.65
N44.65
F40.6
F40.6
F40.6
F40.6
J44.A
J44.A
o
o
PLCC
0 C to +70 C
o
o
-40 C to +85 C
o
o
CERDIP
0 C to +70 C
o
o
-40 C to +85 C
o
o
-55 C to +125 C
MD80C88/B
o
o
SMD#
LCC
-55 C to +125 C
5962-8601601QA
MR80C88/B
o
o
-55 C to +125 C
MR80C88-2/B
-
o
o
SMD#
-55 C to +125 C
5962-8601601XA
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
File Number 2949.1
http://www.intersil.com or 407-727-9207 | Copyright © Intersil Corporation 19993-1
80C88
Pinouts
80C88 (DIP)
TOP VIEW
MIN
MODE
MAX
MODE
GND
A14
A13
A12
A11
A10
A9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
40 V
CC
39 A15
38 A16/S3
37 A17/S4
36 A18/S5
35 A19/S6
34 SS0
(HIGH)
A8
33 MN/MX
32 RD
AD7
AD6 10
AD5 11
AD4 12
AD3 13
AD2 14
AD1 15
AD0 16
NMI 17
INTR 18
CLK 19
GND 20
31 HOLD
30 HLDA
29 WR
(RQ/GT0)
(RQ/GT1)
(LOCK)
(S2)
28 IO/M
27 DT/R
26 DEN
(S1)
(S0)
25 ALE
(QS0)
(QS1)
24 INTA
23 TEST
22 READY
21 RESET
80C88 (PLCC/LCC)
TOP VIEW
MAX MODE
80C88
MIN MODE
80C88
44
43 42 41 40
6
5
4
3
2
1
7
39
A10
A9
A10
A9
NC
NC
A19/S6
A19/S6
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
8
A8
A8
9
SS0
MN/MX
RD
(HIGH)
MN/MX
RD
AD7
AD6
AD5
AD4
AD3
AD2
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
AD7
AD6
AD5
AD4
AD3
AD2
HOLD
HLDA
WR
RQ/GT0
RQ/GT1
LOCK
S2
IO/M
AD1
AD0
AD1
AD0
DT/R
DEN
S1
S0
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
MIN MODE
80C88
MAX MODE
80C88
3-2
80C88
Functional Diagram
EXECUTION UNIT
REGISTER FILE
BUS INTERFACE UNIT
RELOCATION
REGISTER FILE
DATA POINTER
AND
INDEX REGS
(8 WORDS)
SEGMENT REGISTERS
AND
INSTRUCTION POINTER
(5 WORDS)
SSO/HIGH
16-BIT ALU
FLAGS
4
A19/S6. . . A16/S3
AD7-AD0
A8-A15
8
BUS
INTERFACE
UNIT
8
3
4
INTA, RD, WR
DT/R, DEN, ALE, IO/M
4-BYTE
INSTRUCTION
QUEUE
TEST
INTR
NMI
LOCK
2
QS0, QS1
CONTROL AND TIMING
RQ/GT0, 1
2
HOLD
HLDA
3
S2, S1, S0
3
CLK
RESET READY MN/MX
GND
V
CC
MEMORY INTERFACE
C-BUS
INSTRUCTION
STREAM BYTE
QUEUE
B-BUS
ES
CS
SS
BUS
INTERFACE
UNIT
DS
IP
EXECUTION UNIT
CONTROL SYSTEM
A-BUS
AH
AL
BL
CL
DL
ARITHMETIC/
LOGIC UNIT
BH
CH
DH
EXECUTION
UNIT
SP
BP
SI
FLAGS
DI
3-3
80C88
Pin Description
The following pin function descriptions are for 80C88 systems in either minimum or maximum mode. The “local bus” in these
descriptions is the direct multiplexed bus interface connection to the 80C88 (without regard to additional bus buffers).
PIN
SYMBOL
NUMBER
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
AD7-AD0
9-16
I/O
ADDRESS DATA BUS: These lines constitute the time multiplexed memory/IO address (T1) and
data (T2,T3,Tw and T4) bus. These lines are active HIGH and are held at high impedance to the last
valid level during interrupt acknowledge and local bus “hold acknowledge” or “grant sequence”
A15-A8
2-8, 39
O
ADDRESS BUS: These lines provide address bits 8 through 15 for the entire bus cycle (T1-T4).
These lines do not have to be latched by ALE to remain valid. A15-A8 are active HIGH and are held
at high impedance to the last valid logic level during interrupt acknowledge and local bus “hold
acknowledge” or “grant sequence”.
A19/S6,
A18/S5,
A17/S4,
A16/S3
35
36
37
38
O
O
O
O
ADDRESS/STATUS: During T1, these are the four most
S4
0
S3 CHARACTERISTICS
significant address lines for memory operations. During
I/O operations, these lines are LOW. During memory and
I/O operations, status information is available on these
lines during T2, T3, TW and T4. S6 is always LOW. The
status of the interrupt enable flag bit (S5) is updated at the
beginning of each clock cycle. S4 and S3 are encoded as
shown.
0
1
0
1
Alternate Data
Stack
0
1
Code or None
Data
1
This information indicates which segment register is
presently being used for data accessing.
These lines are held at high impedance to the last valid
logic level during local bus “hold acknowledge” or “grant
Sequence”.
RD
32
O
READ: Read strobe indicates that the processor is performing a memory or I/O read cycle, depend-
ing on the state of the IO/M pin or S2. This signal is used to read devices which reside on the 80C88
local bus. RD is active LOW during T2, T3, Tw of any read cycle, and is guaranteed to remain HIGH
in T2 until the 80C88 local bus has floated.
This line is held at a high impedance logic one state during “hold acknowledge” or “grant sequence”.
READY
INTR
22
18
I
I
READY: is the acknowledgment from the address memory or I/O device that it will complete the data
transfer. The RDY signal from memory or I/O is synchronized by the 82C84A clock generator to from
READY. This signal is active HIGH. The 80C88 READY input is not synchronized. Correct operation
is not guaranteed if the set up and hold times are not met.
INTERRUPT REQUEST: is a level triggered input which is sampled during the last clock cycle of
each instruction to determine if the processor should enter into an interrupt acknowledge operation.
A subroutine is vectored to via an interrupt vector lookup table located in system memory. It can be
internally masked by software resetting the interrupt enable bit. INTR is internally synchronized. This
signal is active HIGH.
TEST
NMI
23
17
I
I
TEST: input is examined by the “wait for test” instruction. If the TEST input is LOW, execution con-
tinues, otherwise the processor waits in an “idle” state. This input is synchronized internally during
each clock cycle on the leading edge of CLK.
NONMASKABLE INTERRUPT: is an edge triggered input which causes a type 2 interrupt. A sub-
routine is vectored to via an interrupt vector lookup table located in system memory. NMI is not
maskable internally by software. A transition from a LOW to HIGH initiates the interrupt at the end
of the current instruction. This input is internally synchronized.
RESET
CLK
21
I
I
RESET: cases the processor to immediately terminate its present activity. The signal must transition
LOW to HIGH and remain active HIGH for at least four clock cycles. It restarts execution, as de-
scribed in the instruction set description, when RESET returns LOW. RESET is internally synchro-
nized.
19
40
CLOCK: provides the basic timing for the processor and bus controller. It is asymmetric with a 33%
duty cycle to provide optimized internal timing.
V
V
: is the +5V power supply pin. A 0.1µF capacitor between pins 20 and 40 recommended for de-
CC
CC
coupling.
GND
1, 20
33‘
GND: are the ground pins (both pins must be connected to system ground). A 0.1µF capacitor be-
tween pins 1 and 20 is recommended for decoupling.
MN/MX
I
MINIMUM/MAXIMUM: indicates the mode in which the processor is to operate. The two modes are
discussed in the following sections.
3-4
80C88
Pin Description (Continued)
The following pin function descriptions are for 80C88 system in minimum mode (i.e., MN/MX = V ). Only the pin functions
CC
which are unique to the minimum mode are described; all other pin functions are as described above.
MINIMUM MODE SYSTEM
PIN
SYMBOL
NUMBER
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
IO/M
28
O
STATUS LINE: is an inverted maximum mode S2. It is used to distinguish a memory access from
an I/O access. IO/M becomes valid in the T4 preceding a bus cycle and remains valid until the final
T4 of the cycle (I/O = HIGH, M = LOW). IO/M is held to a high impedance logic one during local bus
“hold acknowledge”.
WR
29
O
Write: strobe indicates that the processor is performing a write memory or write I/O cycle, depend-
ing on the state of the IO/M signal. WR is active for T2, T3, and Tw of any write cycle. It is active
LOW, and is held to high impedance logic one during local bus “hold acknowledge”.
INTA
ALE
24
25
O
O
INTA: is used as a read strobe for interrupt acknowledge cycles. It is active LOW during T2, T3 and
Tw of each interrupt acknowledge cycle. Note that INTA is never floated.
ADDRESS LATCH ENABLE: is provided by the processor to latch the address into the
82C82/82C83 address latch. It is a HIGH pulse active during clock low of T1 of any bus cycle. Note
that ALE is never floated.
DT/R
DEN
27
26
O
O
DATA TRANSMIT/RECEIVE: is needed in a minimum system that desires to use an 82C86/82C87
data bus transceiver. It is used to control the direction of data flow through the transceiver. Logically,
DT/R is equivalent to S1 in the maximum mode, and its timing is the same as for IO/M (T = HIGH,
R = LOW). This signal is held to a high impedance logic one during local bus “hold acknowledge”.
DATA ENABLE: is provided as an output enable for the 82C86/82C87 in a minimum system which
uses the transceiver. DEN is active LOW during each memory and I/O access, and for INTA cycles.
For a read or INTA cycle, it is active from the middle of T2 until the middle of T4, while for a write
cycle, it is active from the beginning of T2 until the middle of T4. DEN is held to high impedance logic
one during local bus “hold acknowledge”.
HOLD,
HLDA
31
30
I
O
HOLD: indicates that another master is requesting a local bus “hold”. To be acknowledged, HOLD
must be active HIGH. The processor receiving the “hold” request will issue HLDA (HIGH) as an
acknowledgment, in the middle of a T4 or T1 clock cycle. Simultaneous with the issuance of HLDA
the processor will float the local bus and control lines. After HOLD is detected as being LOW, the
processor lowers HLDA, and when the processor needs to run another cycle, it will again drive the
local bus and control lines.
Hold is not an asynchronous input. External synchronization should be provided if the system cannot
otherwise guarantee the set up time.
SS0
34
O
STATUS LINE: is logically equivalent to S0
IO/M
DT/R
SS0 CHARACTERISTICS
in the maximum mode. The combination of
SS0, IO/M and DT/R allows the system to
completely decode the current bus cycle
status. SS0 is held to high impedance logic
one during local bus “hold acknowledge”.
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Interrupt Acknowledge
Read I/O Port
Write I/O Port
Halt
Code Access
Read Memory
Write Memory
Passive
3-5
80C88
Pin Description (Continued)
The following pin function descriptions are for 80C88 system in maximum mode (i.e., MN/MX = GND). Only the pin functions
which are unique to the maximum mode are described; all other pin functions are as described above.
MAXIMUM MODE SYSTEM
PIN
SYMBOL
NUMBER
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
S0
S1
S2
26
27
28
O
O
O
STATUS: is active during clock high of T4, T1 and
S2
0
S1
0
S0
0
CHARACTERISTICS
Interrupt Acknowledge
Read I/O Port
Write I/O Port
Halt
T2, and is returned to the passive state (1, 1, 1)
during T3 or during Tw when READY is HIGH. This
status is used by the 82C88 bus controller to gener-
ate all memory and I/O access control signals. Any
change by S2, S1 or S0 during T4 is used to
indicate the beginning of a bus cycle, and the return
to the passive state in T3 or Tw is used to indicate
the end of a bus cycle.
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
Code Access
Read Memory
Write Memory
Passive
1
0
1
These signals are held at a high impedance logic
one state during “grant sequence”.
1
1
0
1
1
1
RQ/GT0,
RQ/GT1
31
30
I/O
REQUEST/GRANT: pins are used by other local bus masters to force the processor to release the
local bus at the end of the processor’s current bus cycle. Each pin is bidirectional with RQ/GT0
having higher priority than RQ/GT1. RQ/GT has internal bus-hold high circuitry and, if unused, may
be left unconnected. The request/grant sequence is as follows (see RQ/GT Timing Sequence):
1. A pulse of one CLK wide from another local bus master indicates a local bus request (“hold”) to
the 80C88 (pulse 1).
2. During a T4 or T1 clock cycle, a pulse one clock wide from the 80C88 to the requesting master
(pulse 2), indicates that the 80C88 has allowed the local bus to float and that it will enter the
“grant sequence” state at the next CLK. The CPUs bus interface unit is disconnected logically
from the local bus during “grant sequence”.
3. A pulse one CLK wide from the requesting master indicates to the 80C88 (pulse 3) that the “hold”
request is about to end and that the 80C88 can reclaim the local bus at the next CLK. The CPU
then enters T4 (or T1 if no bus cycles pending).
Each master-master exchange of the local bus is a sequence of three pulses. There must be one
idle CLK cycle after bus exchange. Pulses are active LOW.
If the request is made while the CPU is performing a memory cycle, it will release the local bus during
T4 of the cycle when all the following conjugations are met:
1. Request occurs on or before T2.
2. Current cycle is not the low bit of a word.
3. Current cycle is not the first acknowledge of an interrupt acknowledge sequence.
4. A locked instruction is not currently executing.
If the local bus is idle when the request is made the two possible events will follow:
1. Local bus will be released during the next clock.
2. A memory cycle will start within 3 clocks. Now the four rules for a currently active memory cycle
apply with condition number 1 already satisfied.
LOCK
29
O
O
LOCK: indicates that other system bus masters are not to gain control of the system bus while
LOCK is active (LOW). The LOCK signal is activated by the “LOCK” prefix instruction and remains
active until the completion of the next instruction. This signal is active LOW, and is held at a high
impedance logic one state during “grant sequence”. In Max Mode, LOCK is automatically generated
during T2 of the first INTA cycle and removed during T2 of the second INTA cycle.
QS1, QS0
24, 25
QUEUE STATUS: provide status to allow external
tracking of the internal 80C88 instruction queue.
QS1 QS0
CHARACTERISTICS
No Operation
0
0
0
1
The queue status is valid during the CLK cycle after
which the queue operation is performed. Note that
the queue status never goes to a high impedance
statue (floated).
First Byte of Opcode from
Queue
1
1
0
1
Empty the Queue
Subsequent Byte from
Queue
-
34
O
Pin 34 is always a logic one in the maximum mode and is held at a high impedance logic one during
a “grant sequence”.
3-6
80C88
as a linear array of up to 1 million bytes, addressed as
Functional Description
00000(H) to FFFFF(H). The memory is logically divided into
code, data, extra, and stack segments of up to 64K bytes
each, with each segment falling on 16 byte boundaries. (See
Figure 1).
Static Operation
All 80C88 circuitry is static in design. Internal registers,
counters and latches are static and require not refresh as
with dynamic circuit design. This eliminates the minimum
operating frequency restriction placed on other microproces-
sors. The CMOS 80C88 can operate from DC to the
specified upper frequency limit. The processor clock may be
stopped in either state (high/low) and held there indefinitely.
This type of operation is especially useful for system debug
or power critical applications.
7
0
FFFFFH
64K-BIT
CODE SEGMENT
XXXXOH
The 80C88 can be single stepped using only the CPU clock.
This state can be maintained as long as is necessary. Single
step clock operation allows simple interface circuitry to
provide critical information for start-up.
STACK SEGMENT
DATA SEGMENT
+ OFFSET
WORD
SEGMENT
REGISTER FILE
Static design also allows very low frequency operation (as
low as DC). In a power critical situation, this can provide
extremely low power operation since 80C88 power dissipa-
tion is directly related to operation frequency. As the system
frequency is reduced, so is the operating power until, at a
DC input frequency, the power requirement is the 80C88
standby current.
LSB
BYTE
MSB
CS
SS
DS
ES
EXTRA SEGMENT
00000H
Internal Architecture
FIGURE 14. MEMORY ORGANIZATION
The internal functions of the 80C88 processor are
partitioned logically into two processing units. The first is the
Bus Interface Unit (BIU) and the second is the Execution
Unit (EU) as shown in the CPU block diagram.
All memory references are made relative to base addresses
contained in high speed segment registers. The segment
types were chosen based on the addressing needs of
programs. The segment register to be selected is automati-
cally chosen according to specific rules as shown in Table 1.
All information in one segment type share the same logical
attributes (e.g., code or data). By structuring memory into
relocatable areas of similar characteristics and by automati-
cally selecting segment registers, programs are shorter,
faster, and more structured.
These units can interact directly but for the most part
perform as separate asynchronous operational processors.
The bus interface unit provides the functions related to
instruction fetching and queuing, operand fetch and store,
and address relocation. This unit also provides the basic bus
control. The overlap of instruction pre-fetching provided by
this unit serves to increase processor performance through
improved bus bandwidth utilization. Up to 4 bytes of the
instruction stream can be queued while waiting for decoding
and execution.
TABLE 6.
MEMORY
REFERENCE
NEED
SEGMENT
REGISTER
USED
SEGMENT
SELECTION RULE
The instruction stream queuing mechanism allows the BIU
to keep the memory utilized very efficiently. Whenever there
is space for at least 1 byte in the queue, the BIU will attempt
a byte fetch memory cycle. This greatly reduces “dead time”:
on the memory bus. The queue acts as a First-In-First-Out
(FIFO) buffer, from which the EU extracts instruction bytes
as required. If the queue is empty (following a branch
instruction, for example), the first byte into the queue
immediately becomes available to the EU.
Instructions
CODE (CS)
Automatic with all instruction
prefetch.
Stack
STACK (SS) All stack pushes and pops.
Memory references relative to
BP base register except data
references.
Local Data
DATA (DS)
Data references when: relative
to stack, destination of string op-
eration, or explicitly overridden.
The execution unit receives pre-fetched instructions from the
BIU queue and provides unrelocated operand addresses to
the BIU. Memory operands are passed through the BIU for
processing by the EU, which passes results to the BIU for
storage.
External Data
(Global)
EXTRA (ES) Destination of string
operations: Explicitly selected
using a segment override.
Word (16-bit) operands can be located on even or odd
address boundaries. For address and data operands, the
least significant byte of the word is stored in the lower valued
address location and the most significant byte in the next
higher address location.
Memory Organization
The processor provides a 20-bit address to memory which
locates the byte being referenced. The memory is organized
3-7
80C88
The BIU will automatically execute two fetch or write cycles the strap pin. When the MN/MX pin is strapped to GND, the
for 16-bit operands.
80C88 defines pins 24 through 31 and 34 in maximum
mode. When the MN/MX pins is strapped to V , the 80C88
generates bus control signals itself on pins 24 through 31
and 34.
CC
Certain locations in memory are reserved for specific CPU
operations. (See Figure 2). Locations from addresses
FFFF0H through FFFFFH are reserved for operations
including a jump to initial system initialization routine. Follow- The minimum mode 80C88 can be used with either a
ing RESET, the CPU will always begin execution at location muliplexed or demultiplexed bus. This architecture provides
FFFF0H where the jump must be located. Locations 00000H the 80C88 processing power in a highly integrated form.
through 003FFH are reserved for interrupt operations. Each
The demultiplexed mode requires one latch (for 64K addres-
of the 256 possible interrupt service routines is accessed
sability) or two latches (for a full megabyte of addressing).
through its own pair of 16-bit pointers - segment address
An 82C86 or 82C87 transceiver can also be used if data bus
pointer and offset address pointer. The first pointer, used as
buffering is required. (See Figure 3). The 80C88 provides
the offset address, is loaded into the IP, and the second
DEN and DT/R to control the transceiver, and ALE to latch
pointer, which designates the base address, is loaded into
the addresses. This configuration of the minimum mode pro-
the CS. At this point program control is transferred to the
vides the standard demultiplexed bus structure with heavy
interrupt routine. The pointer elements are assumed to have
bus buffering and relaxed bus timing requirements.
been stored at their respective places in reserved memory
prior to the occurrence of interrupts.
The maximum mode employs the 82C88 bus controller (See
Figure 4). The 82C88 decode status lines S0, S1 and S2,
and provides the system with all bus control signals. Moving
the bus control to the 82C88 provides better source and sink
current capability to the control lines, and frees the 80C88
pins for extended large system features. Hardware lock,
queue status, and two request/grant interfaces are provided
by the 80C88 in maximum mode. These features allow
coprocessors in local bus and remote bus configurations.
Minimum and Maximum Modes
The requirements for supporting minimum and maximum
80C88 systems are sufficiently different that they cannot be
done efficiently with 40 uniquely defined pins. Consequently,
the 80C88 is equipped with a strap pin (MN/MX) which
defines the system configuration. The definition of a certain
subset of the pins changes, dependent on the condition of
FFFFFH
FFFF0H
RESET BOOTSTRAP
PROGRAM JUMP
TYPE 255 POINTER
(AVAILABLE)
3FFH
3FCH
AVAILABLE
INTERRUPT
POINTERS
(224)
TYPE 33 POINTER
(AVAILABLE)
084H
080H
07FH
TYPE 32 POINTER
(AVAILABLE)
TYPE 31 POINTER
(AVAILABLE)
RESERVED
INTERRUPT
POINTERS
(27)
TYPE 5 POINTER
(RESERVED)
014H
TYPE 4 POINTER
OVERFLOW
010H
00CH
008H
004H
000H
TYPE 3 POINTER
1 BYTE INT INSTRUCTION
DEDICATED
INTERRUPT
POINTERS
(5)
TYPE 2 POINTER
NON MASKABLE
TYPE 1 POINTER
SINGLE STEP
TYPE 0 POINTER
DIVIDE ERROR
CS BASE ADDRESS
IP OFFSET
16-BITS
FIGURE 15. RESERVED MEMORY LOCATIONS
3-8
80C88
V
CC
V
MN/MX
IO/M
CC
82C84A/85
CLK
RD
READY
RESET
RES
RDY
WR
CLOCK
GENERATOR
INTA
DT/R
DEN
GND
80C88
CPU
STB
OE
ALE
1
GND
GND
ADDR/DATA
AD0-AD7
A8-A19
C1
C2
ADDRESS
V
CC
82C82
20
LATCH
GND
(1, 2 OR 3)
40
V
CC
T
C1 = C2 = 0.1µF
INTR
OE
DATA
82C86
TRANSCEIVER
OE
CS
RD WR
EN
82C59A
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
HM-65162
CMOS PROM
HS-6616
CMOS PROM
82CXX
PERIPHERALS
INT
IR0-7
FIGURE 16. DEMULTIPLEXED BUS CONFIGURATION
V
CC
CLK
S0
GND
MRDC
MWTC
AMWC
IORC
MN/MX
S0
82C84A/85
CLK
82C88
NC
NC
READY
RESET
RES
RDY
S1
S2
S1
S2
IOWC
AIOWC
INTA
DEN
DT/R
ALE
GND
80C88
CPU
STB
OE
1
GND
GND
ADDR/DATA
AD0-AD7
A8-A19
GND
C1
ADDRESS
V
CC
82C82
20
LATCH
(1, 2 OR 3)
C2
40
V
CC
T
C1 = C2 = 0.1µF
INT
OE
DATA
82C86
TRANSCEIVER
OE
CS
RD WR
82C59A
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
HM-65162
CMOS PROM
HS-6616
CMOS PROM
82CXX
PERIPHERALS
IR0-7
FIGURE 17. FULLY BUFFERED SYSTEM USING BUS CONTROLLER
3-9
80C88
Bus Operation
the same duration as a CLK cycle. Periods can occur
between 80C88 driven bus cycles. These are referred to as
“idle” states (TI), or inactive CLK cycles. The processor uses
these cycles for internal housekeeping.
The 80C88 address/data bus is broken into three parts: the
lower eight address/data bits (AD0-AD7), the middle eight
address bits (A8-A15), and the upper four address bits (A16-
A19). The address/data bits and the highest four address During T1 of any bus cycle, the ALE (Address latch enable)
bits are time multiplexed. This technique provides the most signal is emitted (by either the processor or the 82C88 bus
efficient use of pins on the processor, permitting the use of controller, depending on the MN/MX strap). At the trailing
standard 40 lead package. The middle eight address bits are edge of this pulse, a valid address and certain status infor-
not multiplexed, i.e., they remain valid throughout each bus mation for the cycle may be latched.
cycle. In addition, the bus can be demultiplexed at the
Status bits S0, S1, and S2 are used by the bus controller, in
processor with a single address latch if a standard, nonmulti-
maximum mode, to identify the type of bus transaction
plexed bus is desired for the system.
according to Table 2.
Each processor bus cycle consists of at least four CLK
Status bits S3 through S6 are multiplexed with high order
cycles. These are referred to as T1, T2, T3 and T4. (See
address bits and are therefore valid during T2 through T4.
Figure 5). The address is emitted from the processor during
S3 and S4 indicate which segment register was used to this
T1 and data transfer occurs on the bus during T3 and T4. T2
bus cycle in forming the address according to Table 3.
is used primarily for changing the direction of the bus during
read operations. In the event that a “Not Ready” indication is
given by the addressed device, “wait” states (TW) are
inserted between T3 and T4. Each inserted “wait” state is of
S5 is a reflection of the PSW interrupt enable bit. S6 is
always equal to 0.
(4 + NWAIT) = TCY
(4 + NWAIT) = TCY
T1
T2
T3
TWAIT
T4
T1
T2
T3
TWAIT
T4
CLK
GOES INACTIVE IN THE STATE
JUST PRIOR TO T4
ALE
S2-S0
ADDR
STATUS
A19-A16
A19-A16
S6-S3
S6-S3
A15-A8
A15-A8
ADDR
D15-D0
VALID
BUS RESERVED
FOR DATA IN
ADDR DATA
A7-A0
A7-A0
DATA OUT (D7-D0)
RD, INTA
READY
READY
READY
WAIT
WAIT
DT/R
DEN
WP
MEMORY ACCESS TIME
FIGURE 18. BASIC SYSTEM TIMING
3-10
80C88
Bus Hold Circuitry
TABLE 7.
CHARACTERISTICS
To avoid high current conditions caused by floating inputs to
CMOS devices and to eliminate the need for pull-up/down
resistors, “bus-hold” circuitry has been used on 80C88 pins
2-16, 26-32 and 34-39 (see Figure 6A and 6B). These
circuits maintain a valid logic state if no driving source is
present (i.e., an unconnected pin or a driving source which
goes to a high impedance state).
S2
0
S1
0
S0
0
Interrupt Acknowledge
Read I/O
0
0
1
0
1
0
Write I/O
0
1
1
Halt
1
0
0
Instruction Fetch
Read Data from Memory
Write Data to Memory
Passive (No Bus Cycle)
To override the “bus hold” circuits, an external driver must be
capable of supplying 400µA minimum sink or source current
at valid input voltage levels. Since this “bus hold” circuitry is
active and not a “resistive” type element, the associated
power supply current is negligible. Power dissipation is sig-
nificantly reduced when compared to the use of passive pull-
up resistors.
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
TABLE 8.
EXTERNAL
PIN
BOND
PAD
S4
S3
0
CHARACTERISTICS
0
0
1
1
Alternate Data (Extra Segment)
OUTPUT
DRIVER
1
Stack
INPUT
BUFFER
0
Code or None
Data
INPUT
PROTECTION
CIRCUITRY
1
I/O Addressing
FIGURE 19A. BUS HOLD CIRCUITRY PIN 2-16, 35-39
In the 80C88, I/O operations can address up to a maximum
of 64K I/O registers. The I/O address appears in the same
format as the memory address on bus lines A15-A0. The
address lines A19-A16 are zero in I/O operations. The vari-
able I/O instructions, which use register DX as a pointer,
have full address capability, while the direct I/O instructions
directly address one or two of the 256 I/O byte locations in
page 0 of the I/O address space. I/O ports are addressed in
the same manner as memory locations.
EXTERNAL
PIN
BOND
PAD
V
P
CC
OUTPUT
DRIVER
INPUT
BUFFER
Designers familiar with the 8085 or upgrading an 8085
design should note that the 8085 addresses I/O with an 8-bit
address on both halves of the 16-bit address bus. The
80C88 uses a full 16-bit address on its lower 16 address
lines.
INPUT
PROTECTION
CIRCUITRY
FIGURE 19B. BUS HOLD CIRCUITRY PIN 26-32, 34
External Interface
Interrupt Operations
Interrupt operations fall into two classes: software or
hardware initiated. The software initiated interrupts and
software aspects of hardware interrupts are specified in the
instruction set description. Hardware interrupts can be
classified as nonmaskable or maskable.
Processor Reset and Initialization
Processor initialization or start up is accomplished with
activation (HIGH) of the RESET pin. The 80C88 RESET is
required to be HIGH for greater than four clock cycles. The
80C88 will terminate operations on the high-going edge of
RESET and will remain dormant as long as RESET is HIGH.
The low-going transition of RESET triggers an internal reset
sequence for approximately 7 clock cycles. After this interval
the 80C88 operates normally, beginning with the instruction
in absolute location FFFFOH (see Figure 2). The RESET
input is internally synchronized to the processor clock. At
initialization, the HIGH to LOW transition of RESET must
occur no sooner than 50µs after power up, to allow complete
initialization of the 80C88.
Interrupts result in a transfer of control to a new program
location. A 256 element table containing address pointers to
the interrupt service program locations resides in absolute
locations 0 through 3FFH (see Figure 2), which are reserved
for this purpose. Each element in the table is 4 bytes in size
and corresponds to an interrupt “type”. An interrupting
device supplies an 8-bit type number, during the interrupt
acknowledge sequence, which is used to vector through the
appropriate element to the new interrupt service program
location.
NMI will not be recognized if asserted prior to the second
CLK cycle following the end of RESET.
3-11
80C88
Non-Maskable Interrupt (NMI)
T1
T3
T1
T2
T3
T4
T2
T4
The processor provides a single non-maskable interrupt
(NMI) pin which has higher priority than the maskable
interrupt request (INTR) pin. A typical use would be to
activate a power failure routine. The NMI is edge-triggered
on a LOW to High transition. The activation of this pin
causes a type 2 interrupt.
ALE
LOCK
NMI is required to have a duration in the HIGH state of
greater than two clock cycles, but is not required to be
synchronized to the clock. An high going transition of NMI is
latched on-chip and will be serviced at the end of the current
instruction or between whole moves (2 bytes in the case of
word moves) of a block type instruction. Worst case
response to NMI would be for multiply, divide, and variable
shift instructions. There is no specification on the occurrence
of the low-going edge; it may occur before, during, or after
INTA
AD0-
AD7
TYPE
VECTOR
FIGURE 20. INTERRUPT ACKNOWLEDGE SEQUENCE
Halt
the servicing of NMI. Another high-going edge triggers When a software HALT instruction is executed, the proces-
another response if it occurs after the start of the NMI sor indicates that it is entering the HALT state in one of two
procedure.
ways, depending upon which mode is strapped. In minimum
mode, the processor issues ALE, delayed by one clock
cycle, to allow the system to latch the halt status. Halt status
is available on IO/M, DT/R, and SS0. In maximum mode, the
processor issues appropriate HALT status on S2, S1 and
S0, and the 82C88 bus controller issues one ALE. The
80C88 will not leave the HALT state when a local bus hold is
entered while in HALT. In this case, the processor reissues
the HALT indicator at the end of the local bus hold. An inter-
rupt request or RESET will force the 80C88 out of the HALT
state.
The signal must be free of logical spikes in general and be
free of bounces on the low-going edge to avoid triggering
extraneous responses.
Maskable Interrupt (INTR)
The 80C88 provides a singe interrupt request input (INTR)
which can be masked internally by software with the
resetting of the interrupt enable (IF) flag bit. The interrupt
request signal is level triggered. It is internally synchronized
during each clock cycle on the high-going edge of CLK.
Read/Modify/Write (Semaphore) Operations Via LOCK
To be responded to, INTR must be present (HIGH) during
the clock period preceding the end of the current instruction
or the end of a whole move for a block type instruction. INTR
may be removed anytime after the falling edge of the first
INTA signal. During interrupt response sequence, further
interrupts are disabled. The enable bit is reset as part of the
response to any interrupt (INTR, NMI, software interrupt, or
single step). The FLAGS register, which is automatically
pushed onto the stack, reflects the state of the processor
prior to the interrupt. The enable bit will be zero until the old
FLAGS register is restored, unless specifically set by an
instruction.
The LOCK status information is provided by the processor
when consecutive bus cycles are required during the execu-
tion of an instruction. This allows the processor to perform
read/modify/write operations on memory (via the “exchange
register with memory” instruction), without another system
bus master receiving intervening memory cycles. This is
useful in multiprocessor system configurations to accomplish
“test and set lock” operations. The LOCK signal is activated
(LOW) in the clock cycle following decoding of the LOCK
prefix instruction. It is deactivated at the end of the last bus
cycle of the instruction following the LOCK prefix. While
LOCK is active, a request on a RQ/GT pin will be recorded,
and then honored at the end of the LOCK.
During the response sequence (see Figure 7), the processor
executes two successive (back-to-back) interrupt acknowl-
edge cycles. The 80C88 emits to LOCK signal (maximum
mode only) from T2 of the first bus cycle until T2 of the sec-
ond. A local bus “hold” request will not be honored until the
end of the second bus cycle. In the second bus cycle, a byte
is fetched from the external interrupt system (e.g., 82C59A
PIC) which identifies the source (type) of the interrupt. This
byte is multiplied by four and used as a pointer into the inter-
rupt vector lookup table.
External Synchronization Via TEST
As an alternative to interrupts, the 80C88 provides a single
software-testable input pin (TEST). This input is utilized by
executing a WAIT instruction. The single WAIT instruction is
repeatedly executed until the TEST input goes active (LOW).
The execution of WAIT does not consume bus cycles once
the queue is full.
If a local bus request occurs during WAIT execution, the
80C88 three-states all output drivers while inputs and I/O
pins are held at valid logic levels by internal bus-hold circuits.
If interrupts are enabled, the 80C88 will recognize interrupts
and process them when it regains control of the bus.
An INTR signal left HIGH will be continually responded to
within the limitations of the enable bit and sample period.
INTR may be removed anytime after the falling edge of the
first INTA signal. The interrupt return instruction includes a
flags pop which returns the status of the original interrupt
enable bit when it restores the flags.
3-12
80C88
Basic System Timing
configuration, although their timing remains relatively the
same. The 80C88 status outputs (S2, S1 and S0) provide
type of cycle information and become 82C88 inputs. This
bus cycle information specifies read (code, data or I/O), write
(data or I/O), interrupt acknowledge, or software halt. The
82C88 thus issues control signals specifying memory read
or write, I/O read or write, or interrupt acknowledge. The
82C88 provides two types of write strobes, normal and
advanced, to be applied as required. The normal write
strobes have data valid at the leading edge of write. The
advanced write strobes have the same timing as read
strobes, and hence, data is not valid at the leading edge of
write. The 82C86/82C87 transceiver receives the usual T
and OE inputs from the 82C88 DT/R and DEN outputs.
In minimum mode, the MN/MX pin is strapped to V
and
CC
the processor emits bus control signals (RD, WR, IO/M, etc.)
directly. In maximum mode, the MN/MX pin is strapped to
GND and the processor emits coded status information
which the 82C88 bus controller uses to generate
MULTIBUS compatible bus control signals.
System Timing - Minimum System
The read cycle begins in T1 with the assertion of the
address latch enable (ALE) signal (see Figure 5). The trail-
ing (low going) edge of this signal is used to latch the
address information, which is valid on the address data bus
(ADO-AD7) at this time, into the 82C82/82C83 latch.
Address lines A8 through A15 do not need to be latched
because they remain valid throughout the bus cycle. From
T1 to T4 the IO/M signal indicates a memory or I/O opera-
tion. At T2 the address is removed from the address data
bus and the bus is held at the last valid logic state by internal
bus-hold devices. The read control signal is also asserted at
T2. The read (RD) signal causes the addressed device to
enable its data bus drivers to the local bus. Some time later,
valid data will be available on the bus and the addressed
The pointer into the interrupt vector table, which is passed
during the second INTA cycle, can derive from an 82C59A
located on either the local bus or the system bus. If the
master 82C59A priority interrupt controller is positioned on
the local bus, the 82C86/82C87 transceiver must be
disabled when reading from the master 82C59A during the
interrupt acknowledge sequence and software “poll”.
The 80C88 Compared to the 80C86
device will drive the READY line HIGH. When the processor The 80C88 CPU is a 8-bit processor designed around the
returns the read signal to a HIGH level, the addressed 8086 internal structure. Most internal functions of the 80C88
device will again three-state its bus drivers. If a transceiver are identical to the equivalent 80C86 functions. The 80C88
(82C86/82C87) is required to buffer the local bus, signals handles the external bus the same way the 80C86 does with
DT/R and DEN are provided by the 80C88.
the distinction of handling only 8-bits at a time. Sixteen-bit
operands are fetched or written in two consecutive bus
cycles. Both processors will appear identical to the software
engineer, with the exception of execution time. The internal
register structure is identical and all instructions have the
same end result. Internally, there are three differences
between the 80C88 and the 80C86. All changes are related
to the 8-bit bus interface.
A write cycle also begins with the assertion of ALE and the
emission of the address. The IO/M signal is again asserted
to indicate a memory or I/O write operation. In T2, immedi-
ately following the address emission, the processor emits
the data to be written into the addressed location. This data
remains valid until at least the middle of T4. During T2, T3,
and Tw, the processor asserts the write control signal. The
write (WR) signal becomes active at the beginning of T2, as • The queue length is 4 bytes in the 80C88, whereas the
opposed to the read, which is delayed somewhat into T2 to
provide time for output drivers to become inactive.
80C86 queue contains 6 bytes, or three words. The queue
was shortened to prevent overuse of the bus by the BIU
when prefetching instructions. This was required because
of the additional time necessary to fetch instructions 8-bits
at a time.
The basic difference between the interrupt acknowledge
cycle and a read cycle is that the interrupt acknowledge
(INTA) signal is asserted in place of the read (RD) signal and
the address bus is held at the last valid logic state by internal • To further optimize the queue, the prefetching algorithm
bus-hold devices (see Figure 6). In the second of two
successive INTA cycles, a byte of information is read from
the data bus, as supplied by the interrupt system logic (i.e.,
82C59A priority interrupt controller). This byte identifies the
source (type) of the interrupt. It is multiplied by four and used
as a pointer into the interrupt vector lookup table, as
described earlier.
was changed. The 80C88 BIU will fetch a new instruction
to load into the queue each time there is a 1 byte space
available in the queue. The 80C86 waits until a 2 byte
space is available.
• The internal execution time of the instruction set is
affected by the 8-bit interface. All 16-bit fetches and writes
from/to memory take an additional four clock cycles. The
CPU is also limited by the speed of instruction fetches.
This latter problem only occurs when a series of simple
operations occur. When the more sophisticated instruc-
tions of the 80C88 are being used, the queue has time to
fill the execution proceeds as fast as the execution unit will
allow.
Bus Timing - Medium Complexity Systems
For medium complexity systems, the MN/MX pin is
connected to GND and the 82C88 bus controller is added to
the system, as well as an 82C82/82C83 latch for latching the
system address, and an 82C86/82C87 transceiver to allow
for bus loading greater than the 80C88 is capable of
handling (see Figure 8). Signals ALE, DEN, and DT/R are
generated by the 82C88 instead of the processor in this
MULTIBUS is a patented Intel bus.
3-13
80C88
The 80C88 and 80C86 are completely software compatible • BHE has no meaning on the 80C88 and has been elimi-
by virtue of their identical execution units. Software that is
system dependent may not be completely transferable, but
software that is not system dependent will operate equally
as well on an 80C88 or an 80C86.
nated.
• SS0 provides the S0 status information in the minimum
mode. This output occurs on pin 34 in minimum mode
only. DT/R, IO/M and SS0 provide the complete bus status
in minimum mode.
The hardware interface of the 80C88 contains the major
differences between the two CPUs. The pin assignments are
nearly identical, however, with the following functional
changes:
• IO/M has been inverted to be compatible with the 8085
bus structure.
• ALE is delayed by one clock cycle in the minimum mode
when entering HALT, to allow the status to be latched with
ALE.
• A8-A15: These pins are only address outputs on the
80C88. These address lines are latched internally and
remain valid throughout a bus cycle in a manner similar to
the 8085 upper address lines.
T1
T2
T3
T4
CLK
QS1, QS0
80C88
S2, S1, S0
A19/S6 - A16/S3
ALE
A19 - A16
S6 - S3
RDY 82C84
80C88
READY 80C88
AD7 - AD0
DATA OUT
A7-A0
DATA IN
A15 - A8
A15 - A8
80C88
RD
DT/R
80C88
MRDC
DEN
FIGURE 21. MEDIUM COMPLEXITY SYSTEM TIMING
3-14
80C88
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Thermal Information
o
o
Supply Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .+8.0V Thermal Resistance (Typical)
θJA ( C/W) θJC ( C/W)
Input, Output or I/O Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . GND -0.5V to V
ESD Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Class 1
+0.5V
CC
PDIP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PLCC Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SBDIP Package. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CLCC Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maximum Junction Temperature
Ceramic Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +175 C
Plastic Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +150 C
Storage Temperature Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-65 C to +150 C
Maximum Lead Temperature (Soldering 10s) . . . . . . . . . . . . +300 C
50
46
30
40
-
-
N/A
N/A
Operating Conditions
Operating Voltage Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +4.5V to +5.5V
M80C88-2 Only. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +4.75V to +5.25V
Operating Temperature Range
o
o
o
o
o
o
C80C88/-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 C to +70 C
o
o
o
I80C88/-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40 C to +85 C
(Lead tips only for surface mount packages)
o
o
M80C88/-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -55 C to +125 C
Die Characteristics
Gate Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9750 Gates
CAUTION: Stresses above those listed in “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress only rating and operation
of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied.
o
o
DC Electrical Specifications
V
V
V
V
= 5.0V, ±10%; T = 0 C to +70 C (C80C88, C80C88-2)
A
CC
CC
CC
CC
o
o
= 5.0V, ±10%; T = -40 C to +85 C (l80C88, I80C88-2)
A
o
o
= 5.0V, ±10%; T = -55 C to +125 C (M80C88)
A
o
o
= 5.0V, ±5%; T = -55 C to +125 C (M80C88-2)
A
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
MIN
MAX
UNITS
TEST CONDITION
V
Logical One
Input Voltage
2.0
2.2
-
V
V
C80C88, I80C88 (Note 4)
M80C88 (Note 4)
lH
V
Logical Zero Input Voltage
CLK Logical One Input Voltage
CLK Logical Zero Input Voltage
Output High Voltage
-
0.8
-
V
V
V
IL
VIHC
VILC
V
-0.8
CC
-
0.8
-
V
3.0
V
V
lOH = -2.5mA
lOH = -100µA
OH
V
-0.4
CC
V
Output Low Voltage
-
0.4
1.0
V
lOL = +2.5mA
OL
I
Input Leakage Current
-1.0
µA
V
= 0V or V
CC
I
IN
Pins 17-19, 21-23, 33
lBHH
lBHL
Input Current-Bus Hold High
Input Current-Bus Hold Low
Output Leakage Current
-40
-400
400
-10.0
500
10
µA
µA
V
V
= - 3.0V (Note 1)
= - 0.8V (Note 2)
IN
IN
40
-
I
µA
V
= 0V (Note 5)
O
OUT
V = 5.5V (Note 3)
CC
ICCSB
ICCOP
Standby Power Supply Current
Operating Power Supply Current
-
µA
-
mA/MHz
FREQ = Max, V = V
IN
or GND,
CC
Outputs Open
NOTES:
1. lBHH should be measured after raising V to V
and then lowering to 3.0V on the following pins 2-16, 26-32, 34-39.
IN CC
2. IBHL should be measured after lowering V to GND and then raising to 0.8V on the following pins: 2-16, 35-39.
IN
3. lCCSB tested during clock high time after HALT instruction executed. V = V
IN
or GND, V
= 5.5V, Outputs unloaded.
CC
CC
4. MN/MX is a strap option and should be held to V
CC
or GND.
5. IO should be measured by putting the pin in a high impedance state and then driving V
to GND on the following pins: 26-29 and 32.
OUT
o
Capacitance T = 25 C
A
SYMBOL
CIN
PARAMETER
Input Capacitance
Output Capacitance
I/O Capacitance
TYPICAL
UNITS
pF
TEST CONDITIONS
25
25
25
FREQ = 1MHz. All measurements are referenced to device GND
FREQ = 1MHz. All measurements are referenced to device GND
FREQ = 1MHz. All measurements are referenced to device GND
COUT
CI/O
pF
pF
3-15
80C88
o
o
AC Electrical Specifications
V
V
V
V
= 5.0V ±10%; T = 0 C to +70 C (C80C88, C80C88-2)
CC
CC
CC
CC
A
o
o
= 5.0V ±100%; T = -40 C to +85 C (I80C88, I80C88-2)
A
o
o
= 5.0V ±100%; T = -55 C to +125 C (M80C88)
A
o
o
= 5.0V ±5%;
T = -55 C to +125 C (M80C88-2)
A
MINIMUM COMPLEXITY SYSTEM
80C88
MIN
80C88-2
TEST
CONDITIONS
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
MAX
MIN
MAX
UNITS
TIMING REQUIREMENTS
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
TCLCL
TCLCH
TCHCL
CLK Cycle Period
200
118
69
-
-
-
125
68
44
-
-
-
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
CLK Low Time
CLK High Time
-
-
TCH1CH2 CLK Rise Time
TCL2CL1 CLK FaIl Time
10
10
-
10
10
-
From 1.0V to 3.5V
From 3.5V to 1.0V
-
-
TDVCL
Data In Setup Time
30
10
35
20
10
35
TCLDX1 Data In Hold Time
-
-
TR1VCL
TCLR1X
RDY Setup Time into 82C84A
(Notes 6, 7)
-
-
(9)
RDY Hold Time into 82C84A
(Notes 6, 7)
0
-
0
-
ns
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
TRYHCH READY Setup Time into 80C88
TCHRYX READY Hold Time into 80C88
TRYLCL READY Inactive to CLK (Note 8)
118
30
-8
-
-
-
-
-
68
20
-8
-
-
-
-
-
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
THVCH
TINVCH
HOLD Setup Time
35
30
20
15
lNTR, NMI, TEST Setup Time
(Note 7)
(15)
(16)
TILIH
TIHIL
Input Rise Time (Except CLK)
Input FaIl Time (Except CLK)
-
-
15
15
-
-
15
15
ns
ns
From 0.8V to 2.0V
From 2.0V to 0.8V
TIMING RESPONSES
(17)
(18)
(19)
(20)
(21)
(22)
(23)
(24)
TCLAV
TCLAX
TCLAZ
TCHSZ
TCHSV
TLHLL
TCLLH
TCHLL
Address Valid Delay
Address Hold Time
Address Float Delay
Status Float Delay
Status Active Delay
ALE Width
10
110
-
10
60
-
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
10
10
TCLAX
80
80
110
-
TCLAX
50
50
60
-
-
-
10
10
TCLCH-20
TCLCH-10
ALE Active Delay
ALE Inactive Delay
-
-
80
85
-
-
50
55
3-16
80C88
o
o
AC Electrical Specifications
V
V
V
V
= 5.0V ±10%; T = 0 C to +70 C (C80C88, C80C88-2)
CC
CC
CC
CC
A
o
o
= 5.0V ±100%; T = -40 C to +85 C (I80C88, I80C88-2)
A
o
o
= 5.0V ±100%; T = -55 C to +125 C (M80C88)
A
o
o
= 5.0V ±5%;
T = -55 C to +125 C (M80C88-2) (Continued)
A
MINIMUM COMPLEXITY SYSTEM
80C88
MIN
80C88-2
MIN
TEST
CONDITIONS
SYMBOL
TLLAX
PARAMETER
Address Hold Time to ALE Inactive
Data Valid Delay
MAX
-
MAX
-
UNITS
ns
(25)
(26)
(27)
(28)
(29)
(30)
(31)
(32)
(33)
(34)
(35)
(36)
(37)
(38)
(39)
(40)
(41)
NOTES:
TCHCL-10
TCHCL-10
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
CL = 100pF
From 0.8V to 2.0V
From 2.0V to 0.8V
TCLDV
TCLDX2
TWHDX
TCVCTV
10
110
-
10
60
-
ns
Data Hold Time
10
10
ns
Data Hold Time After WR
Control Active Delay 1
TCLCL-30
-
TCLCL-30
-
ns
10
110
110
110
-
10
70
60
70
-
ns
TCHCTV Control Active Delay 2
10
10
ns
TCVCTX
TAZRL
TCLRL
TCLRH
TRHAV
TCLHAV
TRLRH
TWLWH
TAVAL
TOLOH
TOHOL
Control Inactive Delay
Address Float to READ Active
RD Active Delay
10
10
ns
0
0
ns
10
165
150
-
10
100
80
-
ns
RD Inactive Delay
10
10
ns
RD Inactive to Next Address Active
HLDA Valid Delay
TCLCL-45
TCLCL-40
ns
10
160
-
10
100
-
ns
RD Width
2TCLCL-75
2TCLCL-50
ns
WR Width
2TCLCL-60
-
2TCLCL-40
-
ns
Address Valid to ALE Low
Output Rise Time
TCLCH-60
-
TCLCH-40
-
ns
-
-
15
15
-
-
15
15
ns
Output Fall Time
ns
6. Signal at 82C84A shown for reference only.
7. Setup requirement for asynchronous signal only to guarantee recognition at next CLK.
8. Applies only to T2 state (8ns into T3).
3-17
80C88
Waveforms
T1
T2
T3
(5)
TCL2CL1
T4
TW
(2)
(1)
TCLCL
TCH1CH2
(4)
CLK (82C84A OUTPUT)
(3)
TCHCTV
(30)
TCLCH
TCHCL
(30) TCHCTV
IO/M, SSO
(17)
TCLAV
A15-A8
A15-A8 (FLOAT DURING INTA)
(17)
TCLAV
(17)
TCLAV
(26) TCLDV
(18) TCLAX
S6-S3
A19-A16
TLHLL
A19/S6-A16/S3
(23) TCLLH
(22)
TLLAX
(25)
ALE
(24)
TR1VCL (8)
TCLR1X (9)
TCHLL
V
IH
RDY (82C84A INPUT)
SEE NOTE 9, 10
TAVAL
(39)
V
IL
(12)
TRYLCL
(11)
TCHRYX
READY (80C88 INPUT)
(10)
TRYHCH
(7)
TCLDX1
(19)
TCLAZ
(16)
TDVCL
AD7-AD0
DATA IN
(34) TCLRH
AD7-AD0
RD
(35)
TRHAV
(32) TAZRL
(30)
TCHCTV
(30)
TCHCTV
READ CYCLE
(WR, INTA = V
TRLRH
(37)
TCLRL
(33)
)
OH
DT/R
DEN
(29) TCVCTV
TCVCTX
(31)
FIGURE 22. BUS TIMING - MINIMUM MODE SYSTEM
NOTES:
9. RDY is sampled near the end of T2, T3, TW to determine if TW machine states are to be inserted.
10. Signals at 82C84A are shown for reference only.
3-18
80C88
Waveforms (Continued)
T1
T2
T3
(5)
TCL2CL1
TW
T4
(4)
TCH1CH2
TW
CLK (82C84A OUTPUT)
AD7-AD0
(26)
(27)
TCLDX2
(17)
TCLDV
TCLAX
(18)
TCLAV
AD7-AD0
DATA OUT
TWHDX
(28)
(29)
TCVCTV
(31) TCVCTX
DEN
WR
WRITE CYCLE
(29) TCVCTV
(38)
TWLWH
TCVCTX
TDVCL
(31)
(6)
(19)
TCLAZ
TCLDX1 (7)
POINTER
AD7-AD0
TCHCTV (30)
TCHCTV
(30)
DT/R
INTA
INTA CYCLE
(NOTE 11)
(29) TCVCTV
RD, WR = V
OH
TCVCTX
(31)
(29) TCVCTV
DEN
SOFTWARE
HALT -
INVALID ADDRESS
SOFTWARE HALT
AD7-AD0
ALE
DEN, RD,
TCLAV
(17)
WR, INTA = V
OH
TCHLL
(24)
TCLLH
(23)
TCHCTV
(30)
TCVCTX
(31)
IO/M
DT/R
SSO
FIGURE 23. BUS TIMING - MINIMUM MODE SYSTEM (Continued)
NOTES:
11. Two INTA cycles run back-to-back. The 80C88 local ADDR/DATA bus is floating during both INTA cycles. Control signals are shown for
the second INTA cycle.
12. Signals at 82C84A are shown for reference only.
3-19
80C88
o
o
AC Electrical Specifications
V
V
V
V
= 5.0V ±10%; T = 0 C to +70 C (C80C88, C80C88-2)
CC
CC
CC
CC
A
o
o
= 5.0V ±10%; T = -40 C to +85 C (I80C88, I80C88-2)
A
o
o
= 5.0V ±10%; T = -55 C to +125 C (M80C88)
A
o
o
= 5.0V ±5%; T = -55 C to +125 C (M80C88-2)
A
MAX MODE SYSTEM (USING 82C88 BUS CONTROLLER)
80C88
MAX
80C88-2
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
MIN
MIN
MAX
UNITS TEST CONDITIONS
TIMING REQUIREMENTS
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
TCLCL
TCLCH
TCHCL
CLK Cycle Period
200
118
69
-
-
-
125
68
44
-
-
-
ns
ns
ns
CLK Low Time
CLK High Time
-
-
TCH1CH2 CLK Rise Time
TCL2CL1 CLK Fall Time
10
10
-
10
10
-
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
From 1.0V to 3.5V
From 3.5V to 1.0V
-
-
TDVCL
TCLDX1
TR1VCL
Data in Setup Time
Data In Hold Time
30
10
35
20
10
35
-
-
RDY Setup Time into 82C84
(Notes 13, 14)
-
-
(9)
TCLR1X
RDY Hold Time into 82C84
(Notes 13, 14)
0
-
0
-
ns
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
TRYHCH READY Setup Time into 80C88
TCHRYX READY Hold Time into 80C88
118
30
-8
-
-
-
-
68
20
-8
-
-
-
-
ns
ns
ns
ns
TRYLCL
TlNVCH
READY Inactive to CLK (Note 15)
Setup Time for Recognition (lNTR,
NMl, TEST) (Note 14)
30
15
(14)
(15)
TGVCH
TCHGX
RQ/GT Setup Time
30
40
-
15
30
-
ns
ns
RQ Hold Time into 80C88 (Note 16)
TCHCL+
10
TCHCL+
10
(16)
(17)
TILlH
TIHIL
Input Rise Time (Except CLK)
Input Fall Time (Except CLK)
-
-
15
15
-
-
15
15
ns
ns
From 0.8V to 2.0V
From 2.0V to 0.8V
TIMING RESPONSES
(18)
(19)
(20)
TCLML
TCLMH
Command Active Delay (Note 13)
Command Inactive (Note 13)
5
5
-
35
35
5
5
-
35
35
65
ns
ns
ns
TRYHSH READY Active to Status Passive
(Notes 15, 17)
110
(21)
(22)
(23)
(24)
(25)
(26)
(27)
TCHSV
TCLSH
TCLAV
TCLAX
TCLAZ
TCHSZ
TSVLH
Status Active Delay
10
110
130
110
-
10
60
70
60
-
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
Status Inactive Delay (Note 17)
Address Valid Delay
10
10
10
10
CL = 100pF
for all 80C88 outputs
in addition to internal
loads.
Address Hold Time
10
10
Address Float Delay
TCLAX
80
80
20
30
20
25
18
TCLAX
50
50
20
30
20
25
18
Status Float Delay
-
-
-
-
Status Valid to ALE High (Note 13)
(28) TSVMCH Status Valid to MCE High (Note 13)
-
-
(29)
(30)
(31)
TCLLH
TCLMCH CLK Low to MCE High (Note 13)
TCHLL ALE Inactive Delay (Note 13)
CLK Low to ALE Valid (Note 13)
-
-
-
-
4
4
3-20
80C88
o
o
AC Electrical Specifications
V
V
V
V
= 5.0V ±10%; T = 0 C to +70 C (C80C88, C80C88-2)
CC
CC
CC
CC
A
o
o
= 5.0V ±10%; T = -40 C to +85 C (I80C88, I80C88-2)
A
o
o
= 5.0V ±10%; T = -55 C to +125 C (M80C88)
A
o
o
= 5.0V ±5%; T = -55 C to +125 C (M80C88-2) (Continued)
A
MAX MODE SYSTEM (USING 82C88 BUS CONTROLLER)
80C88
MAX
80C88-2
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
MIN
-
MIN
MAX
15
60
-
UNITS TEST CONDITIONS
(32)
(33)
(34)
(35)
(36)
(37)
(38)
(39)
(40)
TCLMCL MCE Inactive Delay (Note 13)
15
110
-
-
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
TCLDV
TCLDX2
TCVNV
TCVNX
TAZRL
TCLRL
TCLRH
TRHAV
Data Valid Delay
10
10
5
10
10
5
Data Hold Time
Control Active Delay (Note 13)
Control Inactive Delay (Note 13)
Address Float to Read Active
RD Active Delay
45
45
-
45
45
-
10
0
10
0
10
10
165
150
-
10
10
100
80
-
CL = 100pF
ns
RD Inactive Delay
for all 80C88 outputs
in addition to internal
loads.
RD Inactive to Next Address Active
TCLCL
-45
TCLCL
-40
ns
ns
ns
(41)
(42)
TCHDTL
Direction Control Active Delay
(Note 13)
-
50
30
-
50
30
TCHDTH Direction Control Inactive Delay
(Note 1)
-
-
(43)
(44)
(45)
TCLGL
TCLGH
TRLRH
GT Active Delay
GT Inactive Delay
RD Width
0
0
85
85
-
0
0
50
50
-
ns
ns
ns
2TCLC
L -75
2TCLC
L -50
(46)
TOLOH
TOHOL
Output Rise Time
Output Fall Time
-
-
15
15
-
-
15
15
ns
ns
From 0.8V to 2.0V
From 2.0V to 0.8V
(47)
NOTES:
13. Signal at 82C84A or 82C88 shown for reference only.
14. Setup requirement for asynchronous signal only to guarantee recognition at next CLK.
15. Applies only to T2 state (8ns into T3).
16. The 80C88 actively pulls the RQ/GT pin to a logic one on the following clock low time.
17. Status lines return to their inactive (logic one) state after CLK goes low and READY goes high.
3-21
80C88
Waveforms
T1
T2
T3
T4
(4)
TCH1CH2
(1)
TCLCL
(5)
TCL2CL1 TW
CLK
(23)
TCLAV
TCLCH
(2)
TCHCL (3)
QS0, QS1
TCLSH
(21) TCHSV
(22)
S2, S1, S0 (EXCEPT HALT)
(SEE NOTE 20)
A15-A8
A15-A8
(33)
(24)
TCLDV
(23) TCLAV
(23)
TCLAV
TCLAX
A19/S6-A16/S3
TSVLH
A19-A16
S6-S3
(31)
TCHLL
(27)
TCLLH
(29)
ALE (82C88 OUTPUT)
NOTES 18, 19
TR1VCL
(8)
RDY (82C84 INPUT)
TCLR1X
(12) TRYLCL
(9)
(11)
TCHRYX
READY 80C86 INPUT)
TRYHSH
(20)
(24)
TCLAX
(10)
TRYHCH
(7)
TCLDX1
(25)
TCLAZ
(6)
TDVCL
READ CYCLE
TCLAV
(23)
AD7-AD0
DATA IN
(39) TCLRH
AD7-AD0
RD
(37) TAZRL
TRHAV
(40)
(42)
TCHDTH
(41) TCHDTL
TRLRH
(45)
TCLRL
(38)
DT/R
TCLML
(18)
TCLMH
(19)
82C88
OUTPUTS
MRDC OR IORC
SEE NOTES 19, 21
(35) TCVNV
DEN
TCVNX
(36)
FIGURE 24. BUS TIMING - MAXIMUM MODE (USING 82C88)
NOTES:
18. RDY is sampled near the end of T2, T3, TW to determine if TW machine states are to be inserted.
19. Signals at 82C84A or 82C88 are shown for reference only.
20. Status inactive in state just prior to T4.
21. The issuance of the 82C88 command and control signals (MRDC, MWTC, AMWC, IORC, IOWC, AIOWC, INTA, and DEN) lags the active
high 82C88 CEN.
3-22
80C88
Waveforms (Continued)
T1
T2
T3
T4
TW
CLK
TCHSV (21)
(SEE NOTE 24)
TCLDX2
S2, S1, S0 (EXCEPT HALT)
(22)
TCLDV
TCLAX
(33)
(24)
(34)
TCLAV
WRITE CYCLE
AD7-AD0
TCLSH
(23)
DATA
TCVNV
(35)
TCVNX (36)
DEN
TCLMH
(19)
(18) TCLML
82C88
OUTPUTS
SEE NOTES 22, 23
AMWC OR AIOWC
TCLMH (19)
(18)TCLML
MWTC OR IOWC
INTA CYCLE
A15-A8
(SEE NOTES 25, 26)
RESERVED FOR
CASCADE ADDR
(25) TCLAZ
AD7-AD0
(6)
TDVCL
POINTER
TCLDX1 (7)
(32)
TCLMCL
(28) TSVMCH
MCE/PDEN
(41)
TCHDTL
TCHDTH
(30) TCLMCH
DT/R
(42)
82C88 OUTPUTS
SEE NOTES 22, 23, 25
(18) TCLML
INTA
DEN
(19) TCLMH
TCVNV
(35)
TCVNX
(36)
SOFTWARE
HALT - RD, MRDC, IORC, MWTC, AMWC, IOWC, AIOWC, INTA, S0, S1 = VOH
AD7-AD0
INVALID ADDRESS
A15-A8
TCLAV
(23)
S2, S1, S0
TCLSH
(22)
TCHSV
(21)
FIGURE 25. BUS TIMING - MAXIMUM MODE SYSTEM (USING 82C88) (Continued)
NOTES:
22. Signals at 82C84A or 82C86 are shown for reference only.
23. The issuance of the 82C88 command and control signals (MRDC, MWTC, AMWC, IORC, IOWC, AIOWC, INTA and DEN) lags the active
high 82C88 CEN.
24. Status inactive in state just prior to T4.
25. Cascade address is valid between first and second INTA cycles.
26. Two INTA cycles run back-to-back. The 80C88 local ADDR/DATA bus is floating during both INTA cycles. Control for pointer address is
shown for second INTA cycle.
3-23
80C88
Waveforms (Continued)
> 0-CLK
CYCLES
ANY
CLK
CYCLE
CLK
TCLGH
(44)
TCLGH (44)
TGVCH (14)
TCHGX (15)
TCLGL
(43)
(1)
TCLCL
PULSE 2
80C88 GT
RQ/GT
PULSE 3
PULSE 1
COPROCESSOR
RQ
COPROCESSOR
RELEASE
TCLAZ (25)
TCHSZ (26)
PREVIOUS GRANT
AD7-AD0
80C88
COPROCESSOR
TCHSV (21)
(SEE NOTE)
RD, LOCK
A19/S6-A16/S3
S2, S1, S0
FIGURE 26. REQUEST/GRANT SEQUENCE TIMING (MAXIMUM MODE ONLY)
NOTE: The coprocessor may not drive the busses outside the region shown without risking contention.
≥ 1CLK
CYCLE
1 OR 2
CYCLES
CLK
HOLD
HLDA
THVCH (13)
THVCH (13)
(SEE NOTE)
TCLHAV (36)
TCLHAV (36)
80C88
TCLAZ (19)
A15-A8
80C88
COPROCESSOR
TCHSZ (20)
AD7-AD0
TCHSV (21)
A19/S6-A16/S3
RD, WR, I/O/M, DT/R, DEN, SSO
FIGURE 27. HOLD/HOLD ACKNOWLEDGE TIMING (MINIMUM MODE ONLY)
NOTE: Setup requirements for asynchronous signals only to guarantee recognition at next CLK.
CLK
ANY CLK CYCLE
ANY CLK CYCLE
(13)
CLK
TINVCH (SEE NOTE)
NMI
INTR
TEST
TCLAV
(23)
TCLAV
(23)
SIGNAL
LOCK
FIGURE 28. ASYNCHRONOUS SIGNAL RECOGNITION
NOTE: Setup requirements for asynchronous signals only to guar-
antee recognition at next CLK.
FIGURE 29. BUS LOCK SIGNAL TIMING (MAXIMUM MODE
ONLY)
3-24
80C88
Waveforms (Continued)
≥ 50µs
V
CC
CLK
(7) TCLDX1
(6) TDVCL
RESET
≥ 4 CLK CYCLES
FIGURE 30. RESET TIMING
AC Test Circuit
AC Testing Input, Output Waveform
INPUT
OUTPUT
OUTPUT FROM
DEVICE UNDER TEST
TEST
POINT
V
+ 20% V
IH
IH
V
CL (NOTE)
OH
1.5V
1.5V
V
OL
V
- 50% V
IL
IL
AC Testing: All input signals (other than CLK) must switch between
NOTE: Includes stay and jig capacitance.
V
-50% V and V
+20% V . CLK must
ILMAX
IL
IHMIN IH
switch between 0.4V and V
-0.4V. Input rise and fall
CC
times are driven at 1ns/V.
Burn-In Circuits
MD80C88 (CERDIP)
C
GND
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
GND
A14
A13
A12
A11
A10
A9
V
40
CC
GND
GND
VCL
V
CC
RIO
RIO
RIO
A15 39
A16 38
A17 37
A18 36
A19 35
BHE 34
VCL
RO
VCC/2
RIO
RIO
RIO
RO
GND
GND
VCL
VCC/2
RO
VCC/2
RO
VCC/2
RO
RIO
RIO
RIO
RIO
RIO
RIO
VCC/2
GND
GND
GND
VCL
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
A8
MX
RD
GND
RO
VIL
RI
AD7
10 AD6
11 AD5
12 AD4
13 AD3
14 AD2
15 AD1
16 AD0
17 NMI
18 INTR
19 CLK
20 GND
RQ0
RQ1
LOCK
S2
VCL
RO
VCL
VCL
RO
VCC/2
RO
VCL
VCC/2
RO
OPEN
OPEN
S1
VCC/2
RO
S0
VCC/2
OPEN
OPEN
GND
GND
F0
RO
QS0
VCC/2
RO
QS2
VCC/2
GND
TEST
READY
RESET
RI
RC
VCL
RI
NODE
A
GND
FROM
PROGRAM
CARD
3-25
80C88
Burn-In Circuits (Continued)
MR80C88 (CLCC)
C
V
V
CC
CL
44
43 42 41 40
6
5
4
3
2
1
RIO
RIO
7
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
RO
RO
8
RIO
RIO
RIO
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
RO
RI
RIO
RIO
RI
RO
RO
RO
RO
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
VCC/2
GND
F0
A
(FROM PROGRAM CARD)
NOTES:
COMPONENTS:
1. RI = 10kΩ ±5%, 1/4W
2. RO = 1.2kΩ ±5%, 1/4W
3. RIO = 2.7kΩ ±5%, 1/4W
4. RC = 1kΩ ±5%, 1/4W
5. C = 0.01µF (Minimum)
1. V
= 5.5V ±0.5V, GND = 0V.
CC
2. Input voltage limits (except clock):
V
V
(Maximum) = 0.4V
(Minimum) = 2.6V, V (Clock) = V
IH
IL
- 0.4V) minimum.
CC
IH
3. VCC/2 is external supply set to 2.7V ±10%.
4. V is generated on program card (V - 0.65V).
CL CC
5. Pins 13 - 16 input sequenced instructions from internal hold
devices, (DIP Only).
6. F0 = 100kHz ±10%.
7. Node
= a 40µs pulse every 2.56ms.
A
3-26
80C88
Die Characteristics
DIE DIMENSIONS:
249.2 x 290.9 x 19 ±1mils
GLASSIVATION:
Type: SiO
2
Thickness: 8kÅ ±1kÅ
METALLIZATION:
Type: Silicon - Aluminum
Thickness: 11kÅ ±2kÅ
WORST CASE CURRENT DENSITY:
1.5 x 10 A/cm
5
2
Metallization Mask Layout
80C88
A11
A12
A13 A14
GND
V
A15 A16/S3 A17/S4 A18/S5
CC
A19/S6
A10
A9
SSO
MN/MX
A8
RD
AD7
HOLD
AD6
AD5
HLDA
AD4
AD3
WR
AD2
AD1
IO/M
DT/R
AD0
NMI INTR CLK
GND
RESET READY TEST INTA
ALE
DEN
All Intersil semiconductor products are manufactured, assembled and tested under ISO9000 quality systems certification.
Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design and/or specifications at any time without
notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate
and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which
may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries.
For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see web site http://www.intersil.com
3-27
80C88
Instruction Set Summary
INSTRUCTION CODE
MNEMONIC AND DESCRIPTION
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
DATA TRANSFER
MOV = MOVE:
Register/Memory to/from Register
Immediate to Register/Memory
Immediate to Register
Memory to Accumulator
Accumulator to Memory
Register/Memory to Segment Register ††
Segment Register to Register/Memory
PUSH = Push:
1 0 0 0 1 0 d w
1 1 0 0 0 1 1 w
1 0 1 1 w reg
mod reg r/m
mod 0 0 0 r/m
data
data
data if w 1
data if w 1
addr-high
addr-high
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 w
1 0 1 0 0 0 1 w
1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0
1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
addr-low
addr-low
mod 0 reg r/m
mod 0 reg r/m
Register/Memory
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 1 0 1 0 reg
0 0 0 reg 1 1 0
mod 1 1 0 r/m
Register
Segment Register
POP = Pop:
Register/Memory
1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
0 1 0 1 1 reg
0 0 0 reg 1 1 1
mod 0 0 0 r/m
Register
Segment Register
XCHG = Exchange:
Register/Memory with Register
Register with Accumulator
IN = Input from:
1 0 0 0 0 1 1 w
1 0 0 1 0 reg
mod reg r/m
port
Fixed Port
1 1 1 0 0 1 0 w
1 1 1 0 1 1 0 w
Variable Port
OUT = Output to:
Fixed Port
1 1 1 0 0 1 1 w
1 1 1 0 1 1 1 w
1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0
1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0
1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1
port
Variable Port
XLAT = Translate Byte to AL
LEA = Load EA to Register2
LDS = Load Pointer to DS
LES = Load Pointer to ES
LAHF = Load AH with Flags
SAHF = Store AH into Flags
PUSHF = Push Flags
POPF = Pop Flags
mod reg r/m
mod reg r/m
mod reg r/m
ARITHMETIC
ADD = Add:
Register/Memory with Register to Either
Immediate to Register/Memory
Immediate to Accumulator
0 0 0 0 0 0 d w
1 0 0 0 0 0 s w
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 w
mod reg r/m
mod 0 0 0 r/m
data
data
data if s:w = 01
data if w = 1
ADC = Add with Carry:
Register/Memory with Register to Either
0 0 0 1 0 0 d w
mod reg r/m
3-28
80C88
Instruction Set Summary (Continued)
INSTRUCTION CODE
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
MNEMONIC AND DESCRIPTION
Immediate to Register/Memory
Immediate to Accumulator
INC = Increment:
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 s w
mod 0 1 0 r/m
data
data
data if s:w = 01
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 w
data if w = 1
Register/Memory
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 w
0 1 0 0 0 reg
mod 0 0 0 r/m
Register
AAA = ASCll Adjust for Add
DAA = Decimal Adjust for Add
SUB = Subtract:
0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1
Register/Memory and Register to Either
Immediate from Register/Memory
Immediate from Accumulator
SBB = Subtract with Borrow
Register/Memory and Register to Either
Immediate from Register/Memory
Immediate from Accumulator
DEC = Decrement:
0 0 1 0 1 0 d w
1 0 0 0 0 0 s w
0 0 1 0 1 1 0 w
mod reg r/m
mod 1 0 1 r/m
data
data
data if s:w = 01
data if s:w = 01
data if w = 1
0 0 0 1 1 0 d w
1 0 0 0 0 0 s w
0 0 0 1 1 1 0 w
mod reg r/m
mod 0 1 1 r/m
data
data
data if w = 1
Register/Memory
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 w
0 1 0 0 1 reg
mod 0 0 1 r/m
mod 0 1 1 r/m
Register
NEG = Change Sign
1 1 1 1 0 1 1 w
CMP = Compare:
Register/Memory and Register
Immediate with Register/Memory
Immediate with Accumulator
AAS = ASCll Adjust for Subtract
DAS = Decimal Adjust for Subtract
MUL = Multiply (Unsigned)
IMUL = Integer Multiply (Signed)
AAM = ASCll Adjust for Multiply
DlV = Divide (Unsigned)
0 0 1 1 1 0 d w
1 0 0 0 0 0 s w
0 0 1 1 1 1 0 w
0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 0 1 1 w
1 1 1 1 0 1 1 w
1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 0 1 1 w
1 1 1 1 0 1 1 w
1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
mod reg r/m
mod 1 1 1 r/m
data
data
data if s:w = 01
data if w = 1
mod 1 0 0 r/m
mod 1 0 1 r/m
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0
mod 1 1 0 r/m
mod 1 1 1 r/m
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0
IDlV = Integer Divide (Signed)
AAD = ASClI Adjust for Divide
CBW = Convert Byte to Word
CWD = Convert Word to Double Word
LOGIC
NOT = Invert
1 1 1 1 0 1 1 w
1 1 0 1 0 0 v w
1 1 0 1 0 0 v w
1 1 0 1 0 0 v w
1 1 0 1 0 0 v w
1 1 0 1 0 0 v w
1 1 0 1 0 0 v w
mod 0 1 0 r/m
mod 1 0 0 r/m
mod 1 0 1 r/m
mod 1 1 1 r/m
mod 0 0 0 r/m
mod 0 0 1 r/m
mod 0 1 0 r/m
SHL/SAL = Shift Logical/Arithmetic Left
SHR = Shift Logical Right
SAR = Shift Arithmetic Right
ROL = Rotate Left
ROR = Rotate Right
RCL = Rotate Through Carry Flag Left
3-29
80C88
Instruction Set Summary (Continued)
INSTRUCTION CODE
MNEMONIC AND DESCRIPTION
RCR = Rotate Through Carry Right
AND = And:
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1 1 0 1 0 0 v w
mod 0 1 1 r/m
Reg./Memory and Register to Either
Immediate to Register/Memory
Immediate to Accumulator
TEST = And Function to Flags, No Result:
Register/Memory and Register
Immediate Data and Register/Memory
Immediate Data and Accumulator
OR = Or:
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 d w
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 w
0 0 1 0 0 1 0 w
mod reg r/m
mod 1 0 0 r/m
data
data
data if w = 1
data if w = 1
1 0 0 0 0 1 0 w
1 1 1 1 0 1 1 w
1 0 1 0 1 0 0 w
mod reg r/m
mod 0 0 0 r/m
data
data
data if w = 1
data if w = 1
data if w = 1
data if w = 1
Register/Memory and Register to Either
Immediate to Register/Memory
Immediate to Accumulator
XOR = Exclusive or:
0 0 0 0 1 0 d w
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 w
0 0 0 0 1 1 0 w
mod reg r/m
mod 1 0 1 r/m
data
data
data if w = 1
Register/Memory and Register to Either
Immediate to Register/Memory
Immediate to Accumulator
STRING MANIPULATION
REP = Repeat
0 0 1 1 0 0 d w
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 w
0 0 1 1 0 1 0 w
mod reg r/m
mod 1 1 0 r/m
data
data
data if w = 1
1 1 1 1 0 0 1 z
1 0 1 0 0 1 0 w
1 0 1 0 0 1 1 w
1 0 1 0 1 1 1 w
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 w
1 0 1 0 1 0 1 w
MOVS = Move Byte/Word
CMPS = Compare Byte/Word
SCAS = Scan Byte/Word
LODS = Load Byte/Word to AL/AX
STOS = Stor Byte/Word from AL/A
CONTROL TRANSFER
CALL = Call:
Direct Within Segment
1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0
disp-low
mod 0 1 0 r/m
offset-low
disp-high
Indirect Within Segment
Direct Intersegment
offset-high
seg-high
seg-low
Indirect Intersegment
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
mod 0 1 1 r/m
JMP = Unconditional Jump:
Direct Within Segment
1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0
disp-low
disp
disp-high
Direct Within Segment-Short
Indirect Within Segment
Direct Intersegment
mod 1 0 0 r/m
offset-low
seg-low
offset-high
seg-high
Indirect Intersegment
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
mod 1 0 1 r/m
RET = Return from CALL:
Within Segment
1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1
1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
Within Seg Adding lmmed to SP
data-low
data-high
3-30
80C88
Instruction Set Summary (Continued)
INSTRUCTION CODE
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
MNEMONIC AND DESCRIPTION
Intersegment
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1
Intersegment Adding Immediate to SP
JE/JZ = Jump on Equal/Zero
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0
0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0
0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1
0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
data-low
disp
disp
disp
disp
disp
disp
disp
disp
disp
disp
disp
disp
disp
disp
disp
disp
disp
disp
disp
disp
data-high
JL/JNGE = Jump on Less/Not Greater or Equal
JLE/JNG = Jump on Less or Equal/ Not Greater
JB/JNAE = Jump on Below/Not Above or Equal
JBE/JNA = Jump on Below or Equal/Not Above
JP/JPE = Jump on Parity/Parity Even
JO = Jump on Overflow
JS = Jump on Sign
JNE/JNZ = Jump on Not Equal/Not Zero
JNL/JGE = Jump on Not Less/Greater or Equal
JNLE/JG = Jump on Not Less or Equal/Greater
JNB/JAE = Jump on Not Below/Above or Equal
JNBE/JA = Jump on Not Below or Equal/Above
JNP/JPO = Jump on Not Par/Par Odd
JNO = Jump on Not Overflow
JNS = Jump on Not Sign
LOOP = Loop CX Times
LOOPZ/LOOPE = Loop While Zero/Equal
LOOPNZ/LOOPNE = Loop While Not Zero/Equal
JCXZ = Jump on CX Zero
INT = Interrupt
Type Specified
1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
type
Type 3
INTO = Interrupt on Overflow
IRET = Interrupt Return
PROCESSOR CONTROL
CLC = Clear Carry
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1
1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
1 1 0 1 1 x x x
1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
CMC = Complement Carry
STC = Set Carry
CLD = Clear Direction
STD = Set Direction
CLl = Clear Interrupt
ST = Set Interrupt
HLT = Halt
WAIT = Wait
ESC = Escape (to External Device)
LOCK = Bus Lock Prefix
mod x x x r/m
3-31
80C88
Instruction Set Summary (Continued)
INSTRUCTION CODE
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
MNEMONIC AND DESCRIPTION
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
NOTES:
AL = 8-bit accumulator
AX = 16-bit accumulator
if s:w = 01 then 16-bits of immediate data form the operand.
if s:w = 11 then an immediate data byte is sign extended
to form the 16-bit operand.
CX = Count register
if v = 0 then “count” = 1; if v = 1 then “count” in (C )
L
DS= Data segment
x = don't care
ES = Extra segment
z is used for string primitives for comparison with ZF FLAG.
Above/below refers to unsigned value.
Greater = more positive;
Less = less positive (more negative) signed values
if d = 1 then “to” reg; if d = 0 then “from” reg
if w = 1 then word instruction; if w = 0 then byte
instruction
SEGMENT OVERRIDE PREFIX
001 reg 11 0
REG is assigned according to the following table:
16-BIT (w = 1)
000 AX
001 CX
010 DX
011 BX
100 SP
101 BP
110 SI
8-BIT (w = 0)
000 AL
SEGMENT
00 ES
if mod = 11 then r/m is treated as a REG field
if mod = 00 then DISP = 0†, disp-low and disp-high
are absent
if mod = 01 then DISP = disp-low sign-extended
16-bits, disp-high is absent
if mod = 10 then DISP = disp-high:disp-low
if r/m = 000 then EA = (BX) + (SI) + DISP
if r/m = 001 then EA = (BX) + (DI) + DISP
if r/m = 010 then EA = (BP) + (SI) + DISP
if r/m = 011 then EA = (BP) + (DI) + DISP
if r/m = 100 then EA = (SI) + DISP
if r/m = 101 then EA = (DI) + DISP
if r/m = 110 then EA = (BP) + DISP †
if r/m = 111 then EA = (BX) + DISP
DISP follows 2nd byte of instruction (before data
if required)
001 CL
01 CS
010 DL
10 SS
011 BL
11 DS
100 AH
101 CH
110 DH
111 BH
111 DI
Instructions which reference the flag register file as a 16-bit
object use the symbol FLAGS to represent the file:
FLAGS =
†
except if mod = 00 and r/m = 110 then
EA = disp-high: disp-low.
X:X:X:X:(OF):(DF):(IF):(TF):(SF):(ZF):X:(AF):X:(PF):X:(CF)
Mnemonics Intel, 1978
†† MOV CS, REG/MEMORY not allowed.
3-32
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