L297/1 [ETC]
Stepper Motor Controller/Driver ; 步进电机控制器/驱动器\n
| 型号： | L297/1 |
| 厂家： | 
ETC |
| 描述： | Stepper Motor Controller/Driver
|
| 文件： | 总11页 (文件大小：88K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
L297
STEPPER MOTOR CONTROLLERS
NORMAL/WAVE DRIVE
HALF/FULL STEP MODES
CLOCKWISE/ANTICLOCKWISEDIRECTION
SWITCHMODE LOAD CURRENT REGULA-
TION
PROGRAMMABLE LOAD CURRENT
FEW EXTERNAL COMPONENTS
RESET INPUT & HOME OUTPUT
ENABLE INPUT
DIP20
SO20
: L297/1 (DIP20)
L297D (SO20)
ORDERING NUMBERS
DESCRIPTION
this device is that it requires only clock, direction
and mode input signals.Since the phase are gen-
eratedinternallythe burdenon themicroprocessor,
and the programmer, is greatly reduced. Mounted
in DIP20 and SO20 packages, the L297 can be
used with monolithic bridge drives such as the
L298N or L293E, or with discrete transistors and
darlingtons.
The L297 Stepper Motor Controller IC generates
four phase drive signals for two phase bipolar and
four phaseunipolarstep motors in microcomputer-
controlledapplications.The motor can be driven in
half step, normal and wawe drive modes and on-
chip PWM chopper circuits permit switch-mode
control of the current in the windings. A feature of
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol
Vs
Parameter
Value
Unit
V
Supply voltage
Input signals
10
Vi
7
V
Ptot
Total power dissipation (Tamb = 70 C)
1
W
°
Tstg, Tj
Storage and junction temperature
-40 to + 150
°
C
TWO PHASE BIPOLAR STEPPER MOTOR CONTROL CIRCUIT
December 2001
1/11
L297
PIN CONNECTION (Top view)
L297/1
L297D
BLOCK DIAGRAM (L297/1- L297D)
2/11
L297
PIN FUNCTIONS - L297/1 - L297D
N°
NAME
FUNCTION
1
SYNC
Output of the on-chip chopper oscillator.
The SYNC connections The SYNC connections of all L297s to be
synchronized are connected together and the oscillator
components are omitted on all but one. If an external clock source
is used it is injected at this terminal.
2
3
GND
Ground connection.
HOME
Open collector output that indicates when the L297 is in its initial
state (ABCD = 0101).
The transistor is open when this signal is active.
4
5
A
Motor phase A drive signal for power stage.
INH1
Active low inhibit control for driver stage of A and B phases.
When a bipolar bridge is used this signal can be used to ensure
fast decay of load current when a winding is de-energized. Also
used by chopper to regulate load current if CONTROL input is low.
6
7
8
B
C
Motor phase B drive signal for power stage.
Motor phase C drive signal for power stage.
INH2
Active low inhibit control for drive stages of C and D phases.
Same functions as INH1.
9
D
Motor phase D drive signal for power stage.
10
ENABLE
Chip enable input. When low (inactive) INH1, INH2, A, B, C and D
are brought low.
11
CONTROL
Control input that defines action of chopper.
When low chopper acts on INH1 and INH2; when high chopper
acts on phase lines ABCD.
12
13
Vs
5V supply input.
SENS2
Input for load current sense voltage from power stages of phases
C and D.
14
15
SENS1
Vref
Input for load current sense voltage from power stages of phases
A and B.
Reference voltage for chopper circuit. A voltage applied to this pin
determines the peak load current.
An RC network (R to VCC, C to ground) connected to this terminal
determines the chopper rate.This terminal is connected to ground
on all but one device in synchronized multi - L297 configurations. f
1/0.69 RC
16
17
OSC
CW/CCW
Clockwise/counterclockwise direction control input.
Physical direction of motor rotation also depends on connection
of windings.
Synchronized internally therefore direction can be changed at any
time.
18
CLOCK
Step clock. An active low pulse on this input advances the motor
one increment. The step occurs on the rising edge of this signal.
3/11
L297
PIN FUNCTIONS - L297/1 - L297D (continued)
N°
NAME
FUNCTION
19
HALF/FULL
Half/full step select input. When high selects half step operation,
when low selects full step operation. One-phase-on full step mode
is obtained by selecting FULL when the L297’s translator is at an
even-numbered state.
Two-phase-on full step mode is set by selecting FULL when the
translator is at an odd numbered position. (The home position is
designate state 1).
20
RESET
Reset input.An active low pulse on this input restores the
translator to the home position (state 1, ABCD = 0101).
THERMAL DATA
Symbol
Parameter
Thermal resistance junction-ambient
DIP20
SO20
Unit
Rth-j-amb
max
80
100
°
C/W
are choppedthe non-activephaseline of each pair
(ABor CD)is activated(ratherthan interruptingthe
linethen active).In L297 +L298 configurationsthis
technique reduces dissipation in the load current
sense resistors.
CIRCUIT OPERATION
The L297 is intended for use with a dual bridge
driver, quad darlington array or discrete power
devices in step motor driving applications. It re-
ceivesstep clock, direction and mode signals from
the systems controller (usually a microcomputer
chip) and generates control signals for the power
stage.
Theprincipal functionsare a translator,which gen-
erates the motor phase sequences, and a dual
PWMchoppercircuit whichregulatesthe currentin
the motor windings.The translatorgeneratesthree
different sequences, selected by the HALF/FULL
input. These are normal (two phases energised),
wave drive (one phase energised) and half-step
(alternately one phase energised/two phases en-
ergised).Two inhibit signals are also generated by
the L297 in half stepand wavedrivemodes.These
signals,whichconnectdirectlyto the L298’senable
inputs, are intended to speed current decay when
a winding is de-energised.When the L297 is used
to drivea unipolarmotor the chopperactson these
lines.
A common on-chip oscillator drives the dual chop-
per.It suppliespulses at thechopperratewhich set
the two flip-flopsFF1 and FF2.Whenthe currentin
a winding reaches the programmed peakvalue the
voltage across the sense resistor (connected to
one of the sense inputs SENS1 or SENS2) equals
Vref and the corresponding comparator resets its
flip flop,interrupting the drive current until the next
oscillator pulse arrives. The peak current for both
windingsis programmedbya voltagedivideron the
Vref input.
Ground noise problems in multiple configurations
can be avoided by synchronising the chopper os-
cillators. This is done by connecting all the SYNC
pins together, mounting the oscillator RC network
on one device only and grounding the OSC pin on
all other devices.
An inputcalled CONTROL determineswhetherthe
chopper will act on the phase lines ABCD or the
inhibit lines INH1 and INH2. When the phaselines
4/11
L297
MOTOR DRIVING PHASE SEQUENCES
The L297’s translator generatesphase sequences
for normal drive, wave drive and half step modes.
The state sequences and output waveforms for
these three modes are shown below. In all cases
the translator advances on the low to high transis-
tion of CLOCK.
Clockwise rotation is indicate; for anticlockwise ro-
tation the sequences are simply reversed RESET
restores the translator to state 1, where ABCD =
0101.
HALF STEP MODE
Half step mode is selected by a high level on the HALF/FULL input.
NORMAL DRIVE MODE
Normal drive mode (also called ”two-phase-on” drive) is selected by a low level on the HALF/FULL input
when the translator is at an odd numbered state (1, 3, 5 or 7). In this mode the INH1 and INH2 outputs
remain high throughout.
5/11
L297
MOTOR DRIVING PHASE SEQUENCES (continued)
WAVE DRIVE MODE
Wave drive mode (also called ”one-phase-on” drive) is selected by a low level on the HALF/FULL input
when the translator is at an even numbered state (2, 4, 6 or 8).
(Refer to the block diagram T
= 25 C, V = 5V unless otherwise
°
s
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
specified)
amb
Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ
Max.
7
Unit
V
Vs
Is
Supply voltage (pin 12)
4.75
Quiescent supply current (pin 12)
Outputs floating
50
80
mA
V
Vi
Input voltage
(pin 11, 17, 18, 19, 20)
Low
0.6
Vs
High
2
V
Input current
(pin 11, 17, 18, 19, 20)
Ii
Vi = L
Vi = H
Low
100
µ
A
10
1.3
Vs
A
µ
Ven
Enable input voltage (pin 10)
Enable input current (pin 10)
V
High
2
V
Ien
Ven = L
Ven = H
VOL
100
10
µ
A
A
µ
Vo
Phase output voltage
(pins 4, 6, 7, 9)
Io = 10mA
Io = 5mA
Io = 10mA
Io = 5mA
Io = 5mA
Io = 5mA
0.4
V
VOH
3.9
V
V
V
V
Vinh
Inhibit output voltage (pins 5, 8)
Sync OutputVoltage
Vinh L
Vinh H
VSYNC H
VSYNC V
0.4
0.8
3.9
3.3
VSYNC
6/11
L297
(continued)
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Symbol
Ileak
Parameter
Leakage current (pin 3)
Saturation voltage (pin 3)
Test conditions
VCE = 7 V
Min.
Typ
Max.
1
Unit
µ
A
Vsat
I = 5 mA
0.4
5
V
Voff
Comparators offset voltage
(pins 13, 14, 15)
Vref = 1 V
mV
Io
Comparator bias current
(pins 13, 14, 15)
-100
10
3
A
µ
Vref
tCLK
tS
Input reference voltage (pin 15)
Clock time
0
0.5
1
V
µ
s
Set up time
µs
µs
tH
Hold time
4
tR
Reset time
1
s
s
µ
µ
tRCLK
Reset to clock delay
1
Figure 1.
7/11
L297
APPLICATION INFORMATION
TWO PHASE BIPOLAR STEPPER MOTOR CONTROL CIRCUIT
This circuit drives bipolar stepper motors with winding currentsup to 2A.The diodesare fast 2A types.
Figure 2.
Figure 3 : Synchronising L297s
8/11
L297
mm
inch
OUTLINE AND
MECHANICAL DATA
DIM.
MIN. TYP. MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX.
a1
B
b
0.254
1.39
0.010
1.65 0.055
0.065
1.000
0.45
0.25
0.018
0.010
b1
D
E
e
25.4
8.5
2.54
22.86
0.335
0.100
0.900
e3
F
7.1
0.280
0.155
I
3.93
L
3.3
0.130
DIP20
Z
1.34
0.053
9/11
L297
mm
inch
OUTLINE AND
MECHANICAL DATA
DIM.
MIN. TYP. MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX.
A
A1
B
C
D
E
e
2.35
0.1
2.65 0.093
0.3 0.004
0.104
0.012
0.020
0.013
0.512
0.299
0.33
0.23
12.6
7.4
0.51 0.013
0.32 0.009
13
0.496
0.291
7.6
1.27
0.050
H
h
10
0.25
0.4
10.65 0.394
0.75 0.010
0.419
0.030
0.050
L
1.27 0.016
SO20
K
0° (min.)8° (max.)
L
h x 45°
A
A1
K
B
C
e
H
D
20
11
E
1
10
SO20MEC
10/11
L297
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11/11
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