MCT8316Z0RRGFR [TI]
nullMCT8316Z Sensored Trapezoidal Integrated FET BLDC Motor Driver;型号: | MCT8316Z0RRGFR |
厂家: | TEXAS INSTRUMENTS |
描述: | nullMCT8316Z Sensored Trapezoidal Integrated FET BLDC Motor Driver |
文件: | 总104页 (文件大小:4179K) |
中文: | 中文翻译 | 下载: | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
MCT8316Z
SLVSF18B – MARCH 2021 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2021
MCT8316Z Sensored Trapezoidal Integrated FET BLDC Motor Driver
1 Features
3 Description
•
Three-phase BLDC motor driver with integrated
Sensored Trapezoidal control
– Hall Sensor based Trapezodial (120°)
commutation
– Supports Analog or Digital Hall inputs
– Configurable PWM modulation: Synchronous/
Asynchronous
– Cycle-by-cycle current limit to limit phase
current
– Supports up to 200-kHz PWM frequency
– Active Demagnetization to reduce power losses
4.5-V to 35-V operating voltage (40-V abs max)
High output current capability: 8-A Peak
Low MOSFET on-state resistance
– 95-mΩ RDS(ON) (HS + LS) at TA = 25°C
Low power sleep mode
– 1.5-µA at VVM = 24-V, TA = 25°C
Integrated built-in current sense
– Doesn't require external current sense resistors
Flexible device configuration options
– MCT8316ZR: 5-MHz 16-bit SPI interface for
device configuration and fault status
– MCT8316ZT: Hardware pin based configuration
Supports 1.8-V, 3.3-V, and 5-V logic inputs
Built-in 3.3-V (5%), 30-mA LDO regulator
Built-in 3.3-V/5-V, 200-mA buck regulator
Delay compensation reduces duty cycle distortion
Suite of integrated protection features
The MCT8316Z provides a single-chip code-free
sensored trapezoidal solution for customers driving
12- to 24-V brushless-DC motors. The MCT8316Z
integrates three 1/2-H bridges with 40-V absolute
maximum capability and a very low RDS(ON) of
95 mOhms (high-side and low-side combined) to
enable high power drive capability. Current is sensed
using an integrated current sensing feature which
eliminates the need for external sense resistors.
Power management features of an adjustable buck
regulator and LDO generate the necessary voltage
rails for the device and can be used to power external
circuits.
•
•
•
MCT8316Z implements sensored trapezoidal control
in a fixed-function state machine, so an external
microcontroller is not required to spin the brushless-
DC motor. The device integrates three analog hall
comparators for position sensing to achieve sensored
trapezoidal BLDC motor control. The control scheme
is highly configurable through hardware pins or
register settings ranging from motor current limiting
behavior to fault response. The speed can be
controlled through a PWM input.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
There are a large number of protection features
integrated into the MCT8316Z, intended to protect the
device, motor, and system against fault events.
Refer Application Information for design consideration
and recommendation on device usage.
– Supply undervoltage lockout (UVLO)
– Charge pump undervoltage (CPUV)
– Overcurrent protection (OCP)
Device Information(1)
PART NUMBER
MCT8316ZR
PACKAGE
VQFN (40)
VQFN (40)
BODY SIZE (NOM)
7.00 mm × 5.00 mm
7.00 mm × 5.00 mm
– Motor lock protection
– Thermal warning and shutdown (OTW/OTSD)
– Fault condition indication pin (nFAULT)
– Optional fault diagnostics over SPI interface
MCT8316ZT
(1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at
the end of the data sheet.
2 Applications
4.5V to 35V (40V abs max)
Buck/LDO out
3.3 or 5.0 V, up to
200mA
8-A peak output current,
typically 12- to 24-V,
•
•
•
•
•
Brushless-DC (BLDC) Motor Modules
Small home appliances
HVAC motors
Office automation machines
Factory automation and robotics
MCT8316Z
A
B
C
Buck/LDO out
SPEED
PWM input
Sensored
Trap
Control
H
H
DIRECTION
BRAKE
H
FGOUT
Speed feecback
nFAULT
Buck/LDO Regulator
SPI
Only on SPI
variant
Hall inputs support:
Differenꢀal Hall elements
Integrated Current Sensing
Differenꢀal analog output Hall-effect sensors
Digital output Hall-effect sensors
Single-ended analog output Hall-effect sensors
Simplified Schematic
An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications,
intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.
MCT8316Z
www.ti.com
SLVSF18B – MARCH 2021 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2021
Table of Contents
1 Features............................................................................1
2 Applications.....................................................................1
3 Description.......................................................................1
4 Revision History.............................................................. 2
5 Device Comparison Table ..............................................3
6 Pin Configuration and Functions...................................4
Pin Functions.................................................................... 5
7 Specifications.................................................................. 7
7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings........................................ 7
7.2 ESD Ratings............................................................... 7
7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions.........................7
7.4 Thermal Information....................................................8
7.5 Electrical Characteristics.............................................8
7.6 SPI Timing Requirements......................................... 16
7.7 SPI Secondary Mode Timings...................................17
7.8 Typical Characteristics..............................................17
8 Detailed Description......................................................18
8.1 Overview...................................................................18
8.2 Functional Block Diagram.........................................19
8.3 Feature Description...................................................21
8.4 Device Functional Modes..........................................59
8.5 SPI Communication.................................................. 60
8.6 Register Map.............................................................63
9 Application and Implementation..................................78
9.1 Application Information............................................. 78
9.2 Hall Sensor Configuration and Connection...............79
9.3 Typical Applications.................................................. 83
10 Power Supply Recommendations..............................88
10.1 Bulk Capacitance....................................................88
11 Layout...........................................................................89
11.1 Layout Guidelines................................................... 89
11.2 Layout Example...................................................... 90
11.3 Thermal Considerations..........................................91
12 Device and Documentation Support..........................92
12.1 Support Resources................................................. 92
12.2 Trademarks.............................................................92
12.3 Electrostatic Discharge Caution..............................92
12.4 Glossary..................................................................92
4 Revision History
Changes from Revision A (October 2021) to Revision B (November 2021)
Page
•
Updated MCT8316ZR from pre production to production status .......................................................................1
Changes from Revision * (March 2021) to Revision A (October 2021)
Page
•
Updated Device Status to Production Data........................................................................................................ 1
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SLVSF18B – MARCH 2021 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2021
5 Device Comparison Table
DEVICE
PACKAGES
40-pin VQFN (7x5 mm)
INTERFACE
BUCK REGULATOR
MCT8316ZR
MCT8316ZT
SPI
Yes
Hardware
Table 5-1. MCT8316ZR (SPI variant) vs. MCT8316ZT (Hardware variant) configuration comparison
Parameters
MCT8316ZR (SPI variant)
PWM_MODE (4 settings)
SLEW (4 settings)
MCT8316ZT (Hardware variant)
MODE pin (7 settings)
SLEW pin (4 settings)
DIR pin (2 settings)
PWM control mode settings
Slew rate settings
Direction settings
DIR (2 settings)
DRVOFF pin configuration
Current limit threshold
Current limit configuration
DRV_OFF (2 settings)
Enabled
ILIMIT pin: AVDD/2 to AVDD/2-0.4V
ILIMIT pin: AVDD/2 to AVDD/2-0.4V
ILIM_RECIR (2 settings),
PWM_100_DUTY_SEL
Recirculation fixed to Brake mode and PWM
frequency for 100% duty fixed to 20 kHz
CSA GAIN
Lead angle settings
Buck enable
CSA_GAIN (4 settings)
ADVANCE_LVL (8 settings)
BUCK_DIS (2 settings)
BUCK_SEL(4 settings)
Fixed to 0.15 V/A
ADVANCE pin (7 settings)
Enabled
Buck threshold
VSEL_BK pin (4 settings)
Buck configuration: power sequencing,
current limit and slew rate
BUCK_PS_DIS (2 settings) and BUCK_CL(2 Power sequencing enabled, current limit: 600
settings)
mA and slew rate: 1000 V/us
FGOUT configuration
FGOUT_SEL (4 settings)
Fixed to 3x commutation frequency
Motor lock configuration: mode, detection and
retry timing
MTR_LOCK_MODE (4 settings),
MTR_LOCK_TDET (4 settings),
MTR_LOCK_RETRY (2 settings)
Enabled with latched shutdown mode and
detection time of 1000 ms
Active demagnetization
EN_AAR (2 settings) and EN_ASR (2
settings)
MODE pin (7 settings)
OCP configuration: Mode,
OCP_MODE (4 settings) , OCP_LVL (4
settings) ,OCP_DEG (4 settings) and
OCP_RETRY (2 settings)
Enabled with latched shutdown mode, level is
fixed to 16A with 0.6 us deglitch time
Overvoltage protection configuration
OVP_EN (2 settings) , OVP_SEL (2 settings)
Enabled and level is fixed to 34V (typ)
Disabled
Driver delay compensation configuration
DLYCMP_EN (2 settings), DLY_TARGET (16
settings)
SDO pin configuration
SPI fault configuration
SDO_MODE (2 settings)
NA
NA
SPI_PARITY(2 settings), SPI_SCLK_FLT(2
settings), SPI_ADDR_FLT(2 settings)
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SLVSF18B – MARCH 2021 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2021
6 Pin Configuration and Functions
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
HNC
NC
AGND
FB_BK
GND_BK
SW_BK
CPL
1
2
NC
AGND
FB_BK
GND_BK
SW_BK
CPL
1
2
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
HNC
HPC
HPC
3
HNB
3
HNB
4
HPB
4
HPB
5
HNA
5
HNA
6
HPA
MCT8316ZR
(Thermal PAD)
6
HPA
MCT8316ZT
(Thermal Pad)
CPH
7
AGND
AVDD
NC
CPH
7
AGND
AVDD
VSEL_BK
nSLEEP
nFAULT
DRVOFF
CP
8
CP
8
VM
9
VM
9
VM
10
11
12
nSLEEP
nFAULT
DRVOFF
VM
10
11
12
VM
VM
PGND
PGND
Figure 6-1. MCT8316ZR 40-Pin VQFN With Exposed
Thermal Pad Top View
Figure 6-2. MCT8316ZT 40-Pin VQFN With Exposed
Thermal Pad Top View
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Pin Functions
PIN
40-pin Package
MCT8316ZR MCT8316ZT
TYPE(1)
DESCRIPTION
NAME
Advance angle level setting. This pin is a 7-level input pin set by an external
resistor.
ADVANCE
—
35
I
Device analog ground. Refer Layout Guidelines for connections
recommendation.
AGND
AVDD
2, 26
2, 26
GND
3.3-V internal regulator output. Connect an X5R or X7R, 1-µF, 6.3-V ceramic
PWR O capacitor between the AVDD and AGND pins. This regulator can source up to
30 mA externally.
25
25
High → Brake the motor when High by turning all low side MOSFETs ON
Low → normal operation
BRAKE
CP
38
8
38
8
I
Charge pump output. Connect a X5R or X7R, 1-µF, 16-V ceramic capacitor
between the CP and VM pins.
PWR O
CPH
CPL
7
6
7
6
PWR
PWR
Charge pump switching node. Connect a X5R or X7R, 47-nF, ceramic
capacitor between the CPH and CPL pins. TI recommends a capacitor voltage
rating at least twice the normal operating voltage of the device.
Direction pin for setting the direction of the motor rotation to clockwise or
counterclockwise.
DIR
—
21
3
36
21
3
I
When this pin is pulled high the six MOSFETs in the power stage are turned
OFF making all outputs Hi-Z.
DRVOFF
FB_BK
I
Feedback for buck regulator. Connect to buck regulator output after the
inductor/resistor.
PWR I
Motor Speed indicator output. Open-drain output requires an external pull-up
resistor to 1.8V to 5.0V. It can be set to different division factor of Hall signals
(see FGOUT Signal)
FGOUT
40
40
O
Buck regulator ground. Refer Layout Guidelines for connections
recommendation.
GND_BK
HPA
4
4
GND
Phase A hall element positive input. Noise filter capacitors may be desirable,
connected between the positive and negative hall inputs.
27
29
31
28
30
27
29
31
28
30
I
I
I
I
I
Phase B hall element positive input. Noise filter capacitors may be desirable,
connected between the positive and negative hall inputs.
HPB
Phase C hall element positive input. Noise filter capacitors may be desirable,
connected between the positive and negative hall inputs.
HPC
Phase A hall element negative input. Noise filter capacitors may be desirable,
connected between the positive and negative hall inputs.
HNA
Phase B hall element negative input. Noise filter capacitors may be desirable,
connected between the positive and negative hall inputs.
HNB
Phase C hall element negative input. Noise filter capacitors may be desirable,
connected between the positive and negative hall inputs.
HNC
ILIM
MODE
NC
32
37
32
37
33
1
I
I
Set the threshold for phase current used in cycle by cycle current limit.
PWM input mode setting. This pin is a 7-level input pin set by an external
resistor.
—
I
1, 24
—
No connection, open
Fault indicator. Pulled logic-low with fault condition; Open-drain output requires
an external pull-up resistor to 1.8V to 5.0V. If external supply is used to pull up
nFAULT, ensure that it is pulled to >2.2V on power up or the device will enter
test mode
nFAULT
22
22
O
Serial chip select. A logic low on this pin enables serial interface
communication.
nSCS
36
23
—
I
I
Driver nSLEEP. When this pin is logic low, the device goes into a low-power
sleep mode. An 20 to 40-µs low pulse can be used to reset fault conditions
without entering sleep mode.
nSLEEP
23
OUTA
OUTB
13, 14
16, 17
13, 14
16, 17
PWR O Half bridge output A
PWR O Half bridge output B
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PIN
40-pin Package
TYPE(1)
DESCRIPTION
NAME
MCT8316ZR
MCT8316ZT
OUTC
19, 20
19, 20
PWR O Half bridge output C
Device power ground. Refer Layout Guidelines for connections
recommendation.
PGND
PWM
SCLK
SDI
12, 15, 18
12, 15, 18
GND
PWM input for motor control. Set the duty cycle and switching frequency of the
phase voltage of the motor.
39
35
34
33
39
—
—
—
I
I
Serial clock input. Serial data is shifted out and captured on the corresponding
rising and falling edge on this pin (SPI devices).
Serial data input. Data is captured on the falling edge of the SCLK pin (SPI
devices).
I
Serial data output. Data is shifted out on the rising edge of the SCLK pin. This
pin requires an external pullup resistor (SPI devices).
SDO
O
I
Slew rate control setting. This pin is a 4-level input pin set by an external
resistor (Hardware devices).
SLEW
—
5
34
5
SW_BK
PWR O Buck switch node. Connect this pin to an inductor or resistor.
Power supply. Connect to motor supply voltage; bypass to PGND with two
0.1-µF capacitors (for each pin) plus one bulk capacitor rated for VM. TI
PWR I
VM
9, 10, 11
—
9, 10, 11
24
recommends a capacitor voltage rating at least twice the normal operating
voltage of the device.
Buck output voltage setting. This pin is a 4-level input pin set by an external
resistor.
VSEL_BK
I
Thermal
pad
GND
Must be connected to analog ground.
(1) I = input, O = output, GND = ground pin, PWR = power, NC = no connect
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7 Specifications
7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
over operating ambient temperature range (unless otherwise noted)(1)
MIN
MAX UNIT
Power supply pin voltage (VM)
–0.3
40
4
V
V/µs
V
Power supply voltage ramp (VM)
Voltage difference between ground pins (GND_BK, PGND, AGND)
Charge pump voltage (CPH, CP)
–0.3
–0.3
–0.3
–0.3
–0.3
–0.3
–0.3
–0.3
–1
0.3
VM + 6
VM + 0.3
5.75
V
Charge pump negative switching pin voltage (CPL)
Switching regulator pin voltage (FB_BK)
Switching node pin voltage (SW_BK)
Analog regulators pin voltage (AVDD)
Logic pin input voltage (DRVOFF, PWM, nSCS, nSLEEP, SCLK, SDI)
Logic pin output voltage (nFAULT, SDO)
Output pin voltage (OUTA, OUTB, OUTC)
Ambient temperature, TA
V
V
VM + 0.3
4
V
V
5.75
V
5.75
V
VM + 1
125
V
–40
–40
–65
°C
°C
°C
Junction temperature, TJ
150
Storage tempertaure, Tstg
150
(1) Operation outside the Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent device damage. Absolute Maximum Ratings do not imply
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those listed under Recommended Operating Conditions.
If used outside the Recommended Operating Conditions but within the Absolute Maximum Ratings, the device may not be fully
functional, and this may affect device reliability, functionality, performance, and shorten the device lifetime.
7.2 ESD Ratings
VALUE
±2000
±500
UNIT
Human body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001(1)
Charged device model (CDM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-002(2)
Electrostatic
discharge
V(ESD)
V
(1) JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.
(2) JEDEC document JEP157 states that 250-V CDM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.
7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
over operating ambient temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
MIN
NOM
MAX UNIT
VVM
fPWM
IOUT
Power supply voltage
VVM
4.5
24
35
200
8
V
kHz
A
Output PWM frequency
Peak output winding current
OUTA, OUTB, OUTC
OUTA, OUTB, OUTC
(1)
DRVOFF, INHx, INLx, nSCS, nSLEEP,
SCLK, SDI
VIN
Logic input voltage
–0.1
5.5
V
VOD
Open drain pullup voltage
Push-pull voltage
nFAULT, SDO
SDO
–0.1
2.2
5.5
5.5
V
V
VSDO
IOD
VVREF
TA
Open drain output current
Voltage reference pin voltage
Operating ambient temperature
Operating Junction temperature
nFAULT, SDO
VREF
5
mA
V
2.8
–40
–40
AVDD
125
150
°C
°C
TJ
(1) Power dissipation and thermal limits must be observed
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7.4 Thermal Information
MCT8316ZT,
MCT8316ZR
THERMAL METRIC(1)
UNIT
VQFN (RGF)
40 Pins
25.7
RθJA
Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
RθJC(top)
RθJB
Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance
Junction-to-board thermal resistance
15.2
7.3
ΨJT
Junction-to-top characterization parameter
Junction-to-board characterization parameter
Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance
0.2
ΨJB
7.2
RθJC(bot)
2.0
(1) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics application
report.
7.5 Electrical Characteristics
TJ = –40°C to +150°C, VVM = 4.5 to 35 V (unless otherwise noted). Typical limits apply for TA = 25°C, VVM = 24 V
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX UNIT
POWER SUPPLIES
VVM > 6 V, nSLEEP = 0, TA = 25 °C
nSLEEP = 0
1.5
2.5
2.5
5
µA
µA
IVMQ
VM sleep mode current
nSLEEP = 1, PWM = 0, SPI =
'OFF', BUCK_DIS = 1;
4
4
10 mA
VM standby mode current
(Buck regulator disabled)
IVMS
VVM > 6 V, nSLEEP = 1, PWM = 0, SPI =
'OFF', TA = 25 °C, BUCK_DIS = 1;
5
6
mA
mA
VVM > 6 V, nSLEEP = 1, PWM = 0, SPI =
'OFF', IBK = 0, TA = 25 °C, BUCK_DIS =
0;
5
VM standby mode current
(Buck regulator enabled)
IVMS
nSLEEP = 1, PWM = 0, SPI = 'OFF', IBK
= 0, BUCK_DIS = 0;
6
10
18
11
17
10 mA
13 mA
21 mA
15 mA
24 mA
VVM > 6 V, nSLEEP = 1, fPWM = 25 kHz,
TA = 25 °C, BUCK_DIS = 1
VVM > 6 V, nSLEEP = 1, fPWM = 200 kHz,
TA = 25 °C, BUCK_DIS = 1
VM operating mode current
(Buck regulator disabled)
IVM
nSLEEP =1, fPWM = 25 kHz, BUCK_DIS
= 1
nSLEEP =1, fPWM = 200 kHz,
BUCK_DIS = 1
VVM > 6 V, nSLEEP = 1, fPWM
=
25 kHz, TA = 25 °C, BUCK_DIS =
0; BUCK_PS_DIS = 0
11
19
13 mA
22 mA
VVM > 6 V, nSLEEP = 1, fPWM
=
200 kHz, TA = 25 °C, BUCK_DIS =
0; BUCK_PS_DIS = 0
VM operating mode current
(Buck regulator enabled)
IVM
nSLEEP =1, fPWM = 25 kHz, BUCK_DIS
= 0; BUCK_PS_DIS = 0
12
18
16 mA
27 mA
nSLEEP =1, fPWM = 200 kHz,
BUCK_DIS = 0; BUCK_PS_DIS = 0
0 mA ≤ IAVDD ≤ 30 mA; BUCK_PS_DIS =
0
VAVDD
Analog regulator voltage
3.1
3.6
3.3
3.465
V
IAVDD
VVCP
fCP
External analog regulator load
Charge pump regulator voltage
Charge pump switching frequency
30 mA
VCP with respect to VM
4.7
5.2
V
400
kHz
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TJ = –40°C to +150°C, VVM = 4.5 to 35 V (unless otherwise noted). Typical limits apply for TA = 25°C, VVM = 24 V
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX UNIT
PWM low time required for motor lock
detection
tPWM_LOW
tWAKE
200
ms
VVM > VUVLO, nSLEEP = 1 to outputs
ready and nFAULT released
Wakeup time
1
ms
tSLEEP
tRST
Sleep Pulse time
Reset Pulse time
nSLEEP = 0 period to enter sleep mode
nSLEEP = 0 period to reset faults
120
20
µs
µs
40
BUCK REGULATOR
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 200 mA,
BUCK_SEL = 00b
3.1
4.6
3.7
5.2
3.3
5.0
4.0
5.7
3.5
5.4
4.3
6.2
V
V
V
V
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 200 mA,
BUCK_SEL = 01b
Buck regulator average voltage
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 200 mA,
BUCK_SEL = 10b
VBK
VBK
VBK
(LBK = 47 µH, CBK = 22 µF)
(SPI Device)
VVM > 6.7 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 200 mA,
BUCK_SEL = 11b
VVM < 6.0 V (BUCK_SEL = 00b, 01b,
10b) or VVM < 6.0 V (BUCK_SEL = 11b),
0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 200 mA
VVM
–
IBK*(RLBK
+
V
2)(1)
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 50 mA,
BUCK_SEL = 00b
3.1
4.6
3.7
5.2
3.3
3.5
5.4
4.3
6.2
V
V
V
V
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 50 mA,
BUCK_SEL = 01b
5.0
4.0
5.7
Buck regulator average voltage
(LBK = 22 µH, CBK = 22 µF)
(SPI Device)
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 50 mA,
BUCK_SEL = 10b
VVM > 6.7 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 50 mA,
BUCK_SEL = 11b
VVM < 6.0 V (BUCK_SEL = 00b, 01b,
10b) or VVM < 6.0 V (BUCK_SEL = 11b),
0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 50 mA
VVM
–
+
IBK*(RLBK
V
2) (1)
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 40 mA,
BUCK_SEL = 00b
3.1
4.6
3.7
5.2
3.3
3.5
5.4
4.3
6.2
V
V
V
V
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 40 mA,
BUCK_SEL = 01b
5.0
4.0
5.7
Buck regulator average voltage
(RBK = 22 Ω, CBK = 22 µF)
(SPI Device)
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 40 mA,
BUCK_SEL = 10b
VVM > 6.7 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 40 mA,
BUCK_SEL = 11b
VVM < 6.0 V (BUCK_SEL = 00b, 01b,
10b) or VVM < 6.0 V (BUCK_SEL = 11b),
0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 40 mA
VVM–
IBK*(RBK+2
V
V
(1)
)
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 200 mA,
VSEL_BK pin tied to AGND
3.1
4.6
3.3
5.0
3.5
5.4
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 200
mA, VSEL_BK pin to Hi-Z
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 200
mA, VSEL_BK pin to 47 kΩ +/- 5% tied
to AVDD
Buck regulator average voltage
(LBK = 47 µH, CBK = 22 µF)
(HW Device)
3.7
5.2
4.0
5.7
4.3
6.2
VBK
VVM > 6.7 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 200 mA,
VSEL_BK pin tied to AVDD
VVM–
VVM < 6.0 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 200 mA
IBK*(RLBK
+
V
2)(1)
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MAX UNIT
SLVSF18B – MARCH 2021 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2021
TJ = –40°C to +150°C, VVM = 4.5 to 35 V (unless otherwise noted). Typical limits apply for TA = 25°C, VVM = 24 V
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 50 mA,
VSEL_BK pin tied to AGND
3.1
3.3
3.5
5.4
V
V
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 50
mA, VSEL_BK pin to Hi-Z
4.6
3.7
5.2
5.0
4.0
5.7
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 50
mA, VSEL_BK pin to 47 kΩ +/- 5% tied
to AVDD
Buck regulator average voltage
(LBK = 22 µH, CBK = 22 µF)
(HW Device)
4.3
6.2
V
V
V
VBK
VVM > 6.7 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 50 mA,
VSEL_BK pin tied to AVDD
VVM–
VVM < 6.0 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 50 mA
IBK*(RLBK
+
2)(1)
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 40 mA,
VSEL_BK pin tied to AGND
3.1
4.6
3.3
3.5
5.4
V
V
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 40
mA, VSEL_BK pin to Hi-Z
5.0
4.0
5.7
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 40
mA, VSEL_BK pin to 47 kΩ +/- 5% tied
to AVDD
Buck regulator average voltage
(RBK = 22 Ω, CBK = 22 µF)
(HW Device)
3.7
5.2
4.3
6.2
V
V
V
VBK
VVM > 6.7 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 40 mA,
VSEL_BK pin tied to AVDD
VVM–
VVM < 6.0 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 40 mA
IBK*(RBK+2
(1)
)
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 200 mA, Buck
regulator with inductor, LBK = 47 uH, CBK
= 22 µF
–100
–100
–100
100 mV
100 mV
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 50 mA, Buck
regulator with inductor, LBK = 22 uH, CBK
= 22 µF
VBK_RIP
Buck regulator ripple voltage
VVM > 6 V, 0 mA ≤ IBK ≤ 50 mA, Buck
regulator with resistor; RBK = 22 Ω, CBK
= 22 µF
100 mV
200 mA
LBK = 47 uH, CBK = 22 µF,
BUCK_PS_DIS = 1b
LBK = 47 uH, CBK = 22 µF,
BUCK_PS_DIS = 0b
200 –
IAVDD
mA
LBK = 22 uH, CBK
22 µF, BUCK_PS_DIS = 1b
=
50 mA
IBK
External buck regulator load
LBK = 22 uH, CBK = 22 µF,
BUCK_PS_DIS = 0b
50 –
IAVDD
mA
RBK = 22 Ω, CBK
22 µF, BUCK_PS_DIS = 1b
=
40 mA
RBK = 22 Ω, CBK = 22 µF,
BUCK_PS_DIS = 0b
40 –
IAVDD
mA
Regulation Mode
Linear Mode
20
20
535 kHz
535 kHz
fSW_BK
Buck regulator switching frequency
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SLVSF18B – MARCH 2021 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2021
TJ = –40°C to +150°C, VVM = 4.5 to 35 V (unless otherwise noted). Typical limits apply for TA = 25°C, VVM = 24 V
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
VBK rising, BUCK_SEL = 00b
VBK falling, BUCK_SEL = 00b
VBK rising, BUCK_SEL = 01b
VBK falling, BUCK_SEL = 01b
VBK rising, BUCK_SEL = 10b
VBK falling, BUCK_SEL = 10b
VBK rising, BUCK_SEL = 11b
VBK falling, BUCK_SEL = 11b
VBK rising, VSEL_BK pin tied to AGND
VBK falling, VSEL_BK pin tied to AGND
MIN
2.7
2.5
4.2
4.0
2.7
2.5
4.2
4
TYP
2.8
2.6
4.4
4.2
2.8
2.6
4.4
4.2
2.8
2.6
MAX UNIT
2.9
2.7
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
4.55
4.35
2.9
Buck regulator undervoltage lockout
(SPI Device)
VBK_UV
2.7
4.55
4.35
2.9
2.7
2.5
2.7
VBK rising, VSEL_BK pin to 47 kΩ +/- 5%
tied to AVDD
4.3
4.1
4.4
4.2
4.5
4.3
V
V
VBK falling, VSEL_BK pin to 47 kΩ +/-
5% tied to AVDD
Buck regulator undervoltage lockout
(HW Device)
VBK_UV
VBK rising, VSEL_BK pin to Hi-Z
2.7
2.5
4.2
4.0
2.8
2.6
4.4
4.2
2.9
2.7
V
V
V
V
VBK falling, VSEL_BK pin to Hi-Z
VBK rising, VSEL_BK pin tied to AVDD
VBK falling, VSEL_BK pin tied to AVDD
4.55
4.35
Buck regulator undervoltage lockout
hysteresis
VBK_UV_HYS
Rising to falling threshold
90
200
320 mV
BUCK_CL = 0b
BUCK_CL = 1b
360
80
600
150
900 mA
250 mA
Buck regulator Current limit threshold
(SPI Device)
IBK_CL
Buck regulator Current limit threshold
(HW Device)
IBK_CL
360
600
900 mA
Buck regulator Overcurrent protection
trip point
IBK_OCP
2
3
1
4
A
tBK_RETRY
Overcurrent protection retry time
0.7
1.3 ms
LOGIC-LEVEL INPUTS (BRAKE, DIR, DRVOFF, nSLEEP, PWM, SCLK, SDI)
VIL
Input logic low voltage
0
1.5
1.6
180
95
0.6
5.5
5.5
V
V
V
Other Pins
VIH
Input logic high voltage
nSLEEP
Other PIns
300
250
420 mV
420 mV
VHYS
IIL
Input logic hysteresis
Input logic low current
Input logic high current
nSLEEP
VPIN (Pin Voltage) = 0 V
nSLEEP, VPIN (Pin Voltage) = 5 V
Other pins, VPIN (Pin Voltage) = 5 V
nSLEEP
–1
1
30
µA
µA
µA
kΩ
kΩ
pF
10
IIH
30
75
150
70
200
100
30
300
130
RPD
CID
Input pulldown resistance
Input capacitance
Other pins
LOGIC-LEVEL INPUTS (nSCS)
VIL
Input logic low voltage
Input logic high voltage
Input logic hysteresis
Input logic low current
Input logic high current
Input pullup resistance
Input capacitance
0
1.5
0.6
5.5
V
V
VIH
VHYS
IIL
180
300
420 mV
VPIN (Pin Voltage) = 0 V
VPIN (Pin Voltage) = 5 V
75
25
µA
µA
kΩ
pF
IIH
–1
80
RPU
CID
100
30
130
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MAX UNIT
SLVSF18B – MARCH 2021 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2021
TJ = –40°C to +150°C, VVM = 4.5 to 35 V (unless otherwise noted). Typical limits apply for TA = 25°C, VVM = 24 V
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
FOUR-LEVEL INPUTS (SLEW, VSEL_BK)
0.2*AVD
VL1
VL2
VL3
VL4
Input mode 1 voltage
Input mode 2 voltage
Input mode 3 voltage
Input mode 4 voltage
Tied to AGND
0
V
V
V
V
D
0.27*AV
DD
0.545*AV
DD
Hi-Z
0.5*AVDD
0.606*AV 0.757*AVD 0.909*AV
47 kΩ +/- 5% tied to AVDD
Tied to AVDD
DD
D
DD
0.945*AV
DD
AVDD
RPU
RPD
Input pullup resistance
To AVDD
To AGND
70
70
100
100
130
130
kΩ
kΩ
Input pulldown resistance
FOUR-LEVEL INPUTS (OCP/SR)
0.09*AV
DD
VL1
VL2
VL3
VL4
VL5
VL6
VL7
Input mode 1 voltage
Input mode 2 voltage
Input mode 3 voltage
Input mode 4 voltage
Input mode 5 voltage
Input mode 6 voltage
Input mode 7 voltage
Tied to AGND
0
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
0.12*AV
DD
0.2*AVD
D
22 kΩ ± 5% to AGND
100 kΩ ± 5% to AGND
Hi-Z
0.15*AVDD
0.33*AVDD
0.5*AVDD
0.66*AVDD
0.85*AVDD
0.27*AV
DD
0.4*AVD
D
0.45*AV
DD
0.55*AV
DD
0.6*AVD
D
0.73*AV
DD
100 kΩ ± 5% to AVDD
22 kΩ ± 5% to AVDD
Tied to AVDD
0.77*AV
DD
0.9*AVD
D
0.94*AV
DD
AVDD
RPU
RPD
Input pullup resistance
To AVDD
To AGND
80
80
100
100
120
120
kΩ
kΩ
Input pulldown resistance
OPEN-DRAIN OUTPUTS (FGOUT, nFAULT)
VOL
IOH
Output logic low voltage
Output logic high current
Output capacitance
IOD = 5 mA
VOD = 5 V
0.4
1
V
–1
µA
pF
COD
30
PUSH-PULL OUTPUTS (SDO)
VOL
VOH
IOL
Output logic low voltage
IOP = 5 mA
IOP = 5 mA
VOP = 0 V
VOP = 5 V
0
2.2
–1
0.4
5.5
1
V
Output logic high voltage
V
Output logic low leakage current
Output logic high leakage current
Output capacitance
µA
µA
pF
IOH
–1
1
COD
30
DRIVER OUTPUTS
VVM > 6 V, IOUT = 1 A, TA = 25°C
VVM < 6 V, IOUT = 1 A, TA = 25°C
VVM > 6 V, IOUT = 1 A, TJ = 150 °C
VVM < 6 V, IOUT = 1 A, TJ = 150 °C
95
105
140
145
120 mΩ
130 mΩ
185 mΩ
190 mΩ
Total MOSFET on resistance (High-side
+ Low-side)
RDS(ON)
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SLVSF18B – MARCH 2021 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2021
TJ = –40°C to +150°C, VVM = 4.5 to 35 V (unless otherwise noted). Typical limits apply for TA = 25°C, VVM = 24 V
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX UNIT
VVM = 24 V, SLEW = 00b or SLEW pin
tied to AGND
14
25
45 V/us
VVM = 24 V, SLEW = 01b or SLEW pin to
Hi-Z
30
80
50
125
200
25
80 V/us
185 V/us
280 V/us
45 V/us
80 V/us
185 V/us
280 V/us
Phase pin slew rate switching low to high
(Rising from 20 % to 80 %)
SR
VVM = 24 V, SLEW = 10b or SLEW pin to
47 kΩ +/- 5% to AVDD
VVM = 24 V, SLEW = 11b or SLEW pin
tied to AVDD
130
14
VVM = 24 V, SLEW = 00b or SLEW pin
tied to AGND
VVM = 24 V, SLEW = 01b or SLEW pin to
Hi-Z
30
50
Phase pin slew rate switching high to low
(Falling from 80 % to 20 %
SR
VVM = 24 V, SLEW = 10b or SLEW pin to
47 kΩ +/- 5% to AVDD
80
125
200
VVM = 24 V, SLEW = 11b or SLEW pin
tied to AVDD
110
Leakage current on OUTx
Leakage current on OUTx
VOUTx = VVM, nSLEEP = 1
VOUTx = 0 V, nSLEEP = 1
5
1
mA
µA
ILEAK
VVM = 24 V, SR = 25 V/µs, HS driver ON
to LS driver OFF
1800
1100
650
3400
1550
1000
750
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
VVM = 24 V, SR = 50 V/µs, HS driver ON
to LS driver OFF
Output dead time (high to low / low to
high)
tDEAD
VVM = 24 V, SR = 125 V/µs, HS driver
ON to LS driver OFF
VVM = 24 V, SR = 200 V/µs, HS driver
ON to LS driver OFF
500
VVM = 24 V, PWM = 1 to OUTx
transisition, SR = 25 V/µs
2000
1200
800
4550
2150
1350
1050
VVM = 24 V, PWM = 1 to OUTx
transisition, SR = 50V/µs
Propagation delay (high-side / low-side
ON/OFF)
tPD
VVM = 24 V, PWM = 1 to OUTx
transisition, SR = 125 V/µs
VVM = 24 V, PWM = 1 to OUTx
transisition, SR = 200 V/µs
650
ns
ns
tMIN_PULSE
Minimum output pulse width
SR = 200 V/µs
600
CURRENT SENSE AMPLIFIER
CSA_GAIN = 00
0.15
0.3
0.6
1.2
0.15
0.3
0.6
1.2
V/A
V/A
V/A
V/A
V/A
V/A
V/A
V/A
%
CSA_GAIN = 01
GCSA
Current sense gain (SPI Device)
CSA_GAIN = 10
CSA_GAIN = 11
GAIN pin tied to AGND
GAIN pin to Hi-Z
GCSA
Current sense gain (HW Device)
Current sense gain error
GAIN pin to 47 kΩ ± 5% to AVDD
GAIN pin tied to AVDD
TA = 25°C, IPHASE < 4A
TA = 25°C, IPHASE > 4A
IPHASE < 4 A
–2
–3
–3
–5
–3
–5
2
3
3
5
3
5
%
GCSA_ERR
%
IPHASE > 4 A
%
TA = 25°C
%
Current sense gain error matching
between phases A, B and C
IMATCH
%
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SLVSF18B – MARCH 2021 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2021
TJ = –40°C to +150°C, VVM = 4.5 to 35 V (unless otherwise noted). Typical limits apply for TA = 25°C, VVM = 24 V
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX UNIT
FSPOS
FSNEG
Full scale positive current measurement
Full scale negative current measurement
8
A
–8
A
V
VVREF
–
VLINEAR
SOX output voltage linear range
0.25
0.25
Phase current = 0 A, GCSA = 0.15 V/A
Phase current = 0 A, GCSA = 0.3 V/A
Phase current = 0 A, GCSA = 0.6 V/A
Phase current = 0 A, GCSA = 1.2 V/A
Step on SOX = 1.2 V, GCSA = 0.15 V/A
Step on SOX = 1.2 V, GCSA = 0.3 V/A
Step on SOX = 1.2 V, GCSA = 0.6 V/A
Step on SOX = 1.2 V, GCSA = 1.2 V/A
Phase current = 0 A
–50
–50
–50
–50
50 mA
50 mA
50 mA
50 mA
IOFFSET
Current sense offset low side current in
1
1
1
1
μs
μs
μs
μs
tSET
Settling time to ±1%, 30 pF
VDRIFT
IVREF
Drift offset
–160
160 µA/℃
VREF input current
VREF = 3.0 V
50
80
56
22
µA
dB
dB
dB
AVDD to SOx, DC
55
39
5
PSRR
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
AVDD to SOx, 10 kHz
AVDD to SOx, 500 kHz
HALL COMPARATORS
AVDD –
1.2
VICM
Input Common Mode Voltage (Hall)
0.5
V
HALL_HYS = 0
HALL_HYS = 1
1.5
35
5
50
5
8
mV
Voltage hysteresis (SPI Device)
VHYS
75 mV
Voltage hysteresis (HW Device)
1.5
8
8
mV
mV
Between Hall A, Hall B and Hall C
comparator
ΔVHYS
Hall comparator hysteresis difference
–8
VH(MIN)
II
tHDG
tHEDG
Minimum Hall Differential Voltage
Input leakage current
40
–1
mV
μA
μs
HPX = HNX = 0 V
During Power up
1
Hall deglitch time
0.7
1.15
1.4
1.7
Hall Enable deglitch time
μs
PULSE-BY-PULSE CURRENT LIMIT
Voltage on VLIM pin for cycle by cycle
current limit
AVDD/2–
0.4
VLIM
AVDD/2
V
A
Current limit corresponding to VLIM pin
voltage range
ILIMIT
0
8
ILIM_AC
tBLANK
Current limit accuracy
–10
10
%
Cycle by cycle current limit blank time
5
µs
ADVANCE ANGLE
ADVANCE_LVL = 000 b
ADVANCE_LVL = 001 b
ADVANCE_LVL = 010 b
ADVANCE_LVL = 011 b
ADVANCE_LVL = 100 b
ADVANCE_LVL = 101 b
ADVANCE_LVL = 110 b
ADVANCE_LVL = 111 b
0
4
°
°
°
°
°
°
°
°
7
11
15
20
25
30
Advance Angle Setting
(SPI Device)
θADV
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SLVSF18B – MARCH 2021 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2021
TJ = –40°C to +150°C, VVM = 4.5 to 35 V (unless otherwise noted). Typical limits apply for TA = 25°C, VVM = 24 V
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX UNIT
Advance pin tied to AGND
0
°
Advance pin tied to 22 kΩ ± 5% to
AGND
4
°
Advance pin tied to 100 kΩ ± 5% to
AGND
11
15
20
°
°
°
Advance Angle Setting
(HW Device)
θADV
Advance pin tied to Hi-Z
Advance pin tied to 100 kΩ ± 5% to
AVDD
Advance pin tied to 22 kΩ ± 5% to AVDD
Advance pin tied to Tied to AVDD
25
30
°
°
PROTECTION CIRCUITS
VUVLO Supply undervoltage lockout (UVLO)
VM rising
VM falling
4.3
4.1
140
3
4.4
4.2
200
5
4.5
4.3
V
V
VUVLO_HYS Supply undervoltage lockout hysteresis Rising to falling threshold
350 mV
tUVLO
Supply undervoltage deglitch time
7
µs
V
Supply rising, OVP_EN = 1, OVP_SEL =
0
32.5
31.8
20
34
33
22
21
35
Supply falling, OVP_EN = 1, OVP_SEL
= 0
34.3
23
V
V
V
Supply overvoltage protection (OVP)
(SPI Device)
VOVP
Supply rising, OVP_EN = 1, OVP_SEL =
1
Supply falling, OVP_EN = 1, OVP_SEL
= 1
19
22
Rising to falling threshold, OVP_SEL = 1
Rising to falling threshold, OVP_SEL = 0
0.9
0.7
2.5
2.3
2.2
75
1
0.8
5
1.1
0.9
7
V
V
Supply overvoltage protection (OVP)
(SPI Device)
VOVP_HYS
tOVP
Supply overvoltage deglitch time
µs
V
Supply rising
2.5
2.4
100
2.85
2.65
2.7
2.6
Charge pump undervoltage lockout
(above VM)
VCPUV
Supply falling
V
VCPUV_HYS Charge pump UVLO hysteresis
Rising to falling threshold
Supply rising
140 mV
2.7
2.5
3
V
V
VAVDD_UV
Analog regulator undervoltage lockout
Supply falling
2.8
VAVDD_
Analog regulator undervoltage lockout
hysteresis
Rising to falling threshold
180
200
240 mV
UV_HYS
OCP_LVL = 0b
10
15
16
24
20
28
A
A
Overcurrent protection trip point (SPI
Device)
OCP_LVL = 1b
IOCP
OCP pin tied to AGND
OCP pin tied to AVDD
OCP_DEG = 00b
OCP_DEG = 01b
OCP_DEG = 10b
OCP_DEG = 11b
10
16
21.5
31
A
Overcurrent protection trip point (HW
Device)
15
24
A
0.06
0.3
0.7
1.1
0.3
0.6
1.25
1.6
0.6
1.1
1.8
2.5
µs
µs
µs
µs
Overcurrent protection deglitch time
(SPI Device)
tOCP
Overcurrent protection deglitch time
(HW Device)
0.06
0.3
0.6
6
µs
OCP_RETRY = 0
OCP_RETRY = 1
4
5
ms
Overcurrent protection retry time
(SPI Device)
tRETRY
450
500
560 ms
ms
Overcurrent protection retry time
(HW Device)
tRETRY
4
5
6
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SLVSF18B – MARCH 2021 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2021
TJ = –40°C to +150°C, VVM = 4.5 to 35 V (unless otherwise noted). Typical limits apply for TA = 25°C, VVM = 24 V
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MOTOR_LOCK_TDET = 00b
MOTOR_LOCK_TDET = 01b
MOTOR_LOCK_TDET = 10b
MOTOR_LOCK_TDET = 11b
MIN
TYP
MAX UNIT
330 ms
550 ms
1100 ms
5500 ms
270
300
450
500
Motor lock detection time
(SPI Device)
tMTR_ LOCK
900
1000
5000
4500
Motor lock detection time
(HW Device)
tMTR_ LOCK
900
1000
1100 ms
MOTOR_LOCK_RETRY = 0b
MOTOR_LOCK_RETRY = 1b
450
500
550 ms
tMTR_LOCK_R Motor lock retry time
(SPI Device)
ETRY
4500
5000
5500 ms
tMTR_LOCK_R Motor lock retry time
450
500
550 ms
(HW Device)
ETRY
TOTW
Thermal warning temperature (FET)
Die temperature (TJ)
Die temperature (TJ)
Die temperature (TJ)
Die temperature (TJ)
Die temperature (TJ)
Die temperature (TJ)
160
25
170
30
180
35
°C
°C
°C
°C
°C
°C
TOTW_HYS
TTSD
TTSD_HYS
TTSD
Thermal warning hysteresis (FET)
Thermal shutdown temperature
Thermal shutdown hysteresis
175
25
185
30
195
35
Thermal shutdown temperature (FET)
Thermal shutdown hysteresis (FET)
170
25
180
30
190
35
TTSD_HYS
(1) RLBK is resistance of inductor LBK
7.6 SPI Timing Requirements
MIN
NOM
MAX UNIT
tREADY
SPI ready after power up
nSCS minimum high time
nSCS input setup time
nSCS input hold time
1
ms
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
tHI_nSCS
tSU_nSCS
tHD_nSCS
tSCLK
300
25
25
SCLK minimum period
SCLK minimum high time
SCLK minimum low time
SDI input data setup time
SDI input data hold time
SDO output data delay time
SDO enable delay time
SDO disable delay time
100
50
tSCLKH
tSCLKL
50
tSU_SDI
tHD_SDI
tDLY_SDO
tEN_SDO
tDIS_SDO
25
25
25
50
50
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7.7 SPI Secondary Mode Timings
tHD_nSCS
tHI_nSCS
tSU_nSCS
tSCLK
tSCLKH
tSCLKL
X
MSB
LSB
X
tDIS_SDO
tDLY_SDO
tSU_SDI
tHD_SDI
Z
MSB
LSB
Z
tEN_SDO
Figure 7-1. SPI Secondary Mode Timing Diagram
7.8 Typical Characteristics
17
16
15
160
150
140
FPWM = 200 kHz
14
13
12
11
10
9
130
120
110
100
90
TJ = -40 C
TJ = 25 C
TJ = 150 C
80
FPWM = 25 kHz
70
8
60
7
-40 -20
0
20
40
60
80 100 120 140
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
33
36
Junction Temperature (V)
Supply Voltage (V)
Figure 7-3. RDS(ON) (high and low side combined)
for MOSFETs over temperature
Figure 7-2. Supply current over supply voltage
100
5.75
5.5
TJ = -40 C
97.5
TJ = 25 C
TJ = -150 C
5.25
5
95
92.5
90
4.75
BUCK_SEL = 00b
BUCK_SEL = 01b
BUCK_SEL = 10b
BUCK_SEL = 11b
4.5
87.5
85
4.25
4
82.5
80
3.75
3.5
3.25
3
77.5
75
0
0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2
Buck Output Load Current (A)
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
Supply Voltage (V)
Figure 7-5. Buck regulator output voltage over load
current
Figure 7-4. Buck regulator efficiency over supply
voltage
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8 Detailed Description
8.1 Overview
The MCT8316Z device is an integrated 100-mΩ (combined high-side and low-side MOSFET's on-state
resistance) driver for 3-phase motor-drive applications. The device reduces system component count, cost, and
complexity by integrating three half-bridge MOSFETs, gate drivers, charge pump, linear regulator for the external
load and buck regulator. A standard serial peripheral interface (SPI) provides a simple method for configuring
the various device settings and reading fault diagnostic information through an external controller. Alternatively,
a hardware interface (H/W) option allows for configuring the most commonly used settings through fixed external
resistors.
The architecture uses an internal state machine to protect against short-circuit events, and protect against dv/dt
parasitic turnon of the internal power MOSFET.
The MCT8316Z device integrates three-phase sensored trapezoidal commutation using analog or digital hall
sensors for position detection.
In addition to the high level of device integration, the MCT8316Z device provides a wide range of
integrated protection features. These features include power-supply undervoltage lockout (UVLO), charge-pump
undervoltage lockout (CPUV), overcurrent protection (OCP), AVDD undervoltage lockout (AVDD_UV), buck
regulator ULVO for MCT8316ZR/T and overtemperature shutdown (OTW and OTSD). Fault events are indicated
by the nFAULT pin with detailed information available in the SPI registers on the SPI device version.
The MCT8316ZT and MCT8316ZR device are available in 0.5-mm pin pitch, VQFN surface-mount packages.
The VQFN package size is 7 mm × 5 mm.
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8.2 Functional Block Diagram
VVM
+
CVM1
CCP
VM
CVM2
CFLY
CPL
Replace Inductor (LBK
)
CP
CPH
with Resistor (RBK) for
larger external load
or to reduce power
dissipa on
To AVDD and
Buck Regulator
Regulators
Ext.
Load
AVDD
AGND
VVM
CAVDD1
Charge Pump
AVDD Linear Regulator
LBK
Ext.
SW_BK
Load
CBK
RBK
I/O Control
GND_BK
VVM
Buck Regulator
FB_BK
nSLEEP
PWM
Protection
Differential Comparators
HPC
HNC
HPB
Overcurrent
Protection
+
-
(Optional)
(Optional)
(Optional)
Input
Control
Thermal Warning
Thermal Shutdown
To
Digital
Control
+
-
HNB
HPA
BRAKE
AVDD
+
-
HNA
Predriver Stage
VCP
Power Stage
VM
Output
RnFAULT
nFAULT
AVDD
HS Pre-
driver
RFGOUT
OUTA
VLS
FGOUT
LS Pre-
driver
Current
Sense for
Phase - A
PGND
Digital Control
Interface
ISEN_A
Predriver Stage
VCP
Power Stage
VM
SCLK
SDI
SPI
AVDD or
Buck Output
HS Pre-
driver
AVDD
Hall A
OUTB
SDO**
nSCS
ILIM
Hall B
Hall C
VLS
AVDD
LS Pre-
driver
Current
Sense for
Phase - B
PGND
ISEN_B
Predriver Stage
VCP
Power Stage
VM
+
-
ISEN_A
AV
SOA
HS Pre-
driver
ISEN_B
ISEN_C
Output
Offset
Bias
SOB
SOC
OUTC
AV
AV
VLS
LS Pre-
driver
Current
Sense for
Phase - C
AVDD
Current Sense and Current Limit
PGND
ISEN_C
** SDO can be configured to open drain or push
pull configuraꢀon
PGND
PGND
PGND
TPAD
Figure 8-1. MCT8316ZR Block Diagram
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VVM
+
CVM1
CCP
VM
CVM2
CFLY
CPL
Replace Inductor (LBK
)
CP
CPH
with Resistor (RBK) for
larger external load
or to reduce power
dissipaꢀon
To AVDD and
Buck Regulator
Regulators
Ext.
Load
AVDD
AGND
VVM
CAVDD1
Charge Pump
AVDD Linear Regulator
LBK
Ext.
SW_BK
Load
CBK
RBK
I/O Control
GND_BK
VVM
Buck Regulator
FB_BK
nSLEEP
Protection
Differential Comparators
PWM
DIR
HPC
HNC
HPB
Overcurrent
Protection
+
-
(Optional)
(Optional)
(Optional)
Thermal Warning
Thermal Shutdown
To
Digital
Control
+
-
HNB
HPA
BRAKE
+
-
HNA
Input
Control
Predriver Stage
VCP
Power Stage
VM
ADVANCE
HS Pre-
driver
MODE
SLEW
OUTA
VLS
LS Pre-
driver
Current
Sense for
Phase - A
VSEL_BK
PGND
Digital Control
AVDD
ISEN_A
Predriver Stage
VCP
Power Stage
VM
Output
RnFAULT
AVDD or
Buck Output
HS Pre-
driver
nFAULT
AVDD
Hall A
OUTB
RFGOUT
Hall B
Hall C
VLS
FGOUT
LS Pre-
driver
Current
Sense for
Phase - B
PGND
ILIM
ISEN_B
Predriver Stage
VCP
Power Stage
VM
+
-
ISEN_A
AV
SOA
HS Pre-
driver
ISEN_B
ISEN_C
Output
Offset
Bias
SOB
SOC
OUTC
AV
AV
VLS
LS Pre-
driver
Current
Sense for
Phase - C
AVDD
PGND
Current Sense and Current Limit
ISEN_C
PGND
PGND
PGND
TPAD
Figure 8-2. MCT8316ZT Block Diagram
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8.3 Feature Description
Table 8-1 lists the recommended values of the external components for the driver.
Note
TI recommends to connect pull up on nFAULT even if it is not used to avoid undesirable entry into
internal test mode. If external supply is used to pull up nFAULT, ensure that it is pulled to >2.2V on
power up or the device will enter internal test mode.
Table 8-1. MCT8316Z External Components
COMPONENTS
PIN 1
PIN 2
RECOMMENDED
X5R or X7R, 0.1-µF, TI recommends a capacitor
voltage rating at least twice the normal operating
voltage of the device
CVM1
VM
PGND
≥ 10-µF, TI recommends a capacitor voltage rating at
least twice the normal operating voltage of the device
CVM2
CCP
VM
CP
PGND
VM
X5R or X7R, 16-V, 1-µF capacitor
X5R or X7R, 47-nF, TI recommends a capacitor
voltage rating at least twice the normal operating
voltage of the pin
CFLY
CAVDD
CBK
CPH
AVDD
CPL
X5R or X7R, 1-µF, ≥ 6.3-V. In order for AVDD to
accurately regulate output voltage, capacitor should
have effective capacitance between 0.7-µF to 1.3-µF
at 3.3-V across operating temperature.
AGND
X5R or X7R, 22-µF, buck-output rated capacitor. TI
recommends a capacitor voltage rating at least twice
the normal operating voltage of the pin
SW_BK
GND_BK
LBK
SW_BK
VCC
FB_BK
Output inductor
5.1-kΩ, Pullup resistor
RnFAULT
RMODE
RSLEW
nFAULT
MODE
AGND or AVDD
AGND or AVDD
AGND or AVDD
AGND or AVDD
AGND
MCT8316Z hardware interface
MCT8316Z hardware interface
MCT8316Z hardware interface
MCT8316Z hardware interface
X5R or X7R, 0.1-µF, AVDD-rated capacitor (Optional)
SLEW
RADVANCE
RVSEL_BK
CILIM
ADVANCE
VSEL_BK
ILIM
8.3.1 Output Stage
The MCT8316Z device consists of an integrated 100-mΩ (combined high-side and low-side FET's on-state
resistance) NMOS FETs connected in a three-phase bridge configuration. A doubler charge pump provides the
proper gate-bias voltage to the high-side NMOS FET's across a wide operating-voltage range in addition to
providing 100% duty-cycle support. An internal linear regulator provides the gate-bias voltage for the low-side
MOSFETs. The device has three VM motor power-supply pins which are to be connected together to the
motor-supply voltage.
8.3.2 PWM Control Mode (1x PWM Mode)
The MCT8316Z family of devices provides seven different control modes to support various commutation and
control methods. The MCT8316Z device provides a 1x PWM control mode for driving the BLDC motor in
trapezoidal current-control mode. The MCT8316Z device uses 6-step block commutation tables that are stored
internally. This feature lets a three-phase BLDC motor be controlled using a single PWM sourced from a simple
controller. The PWM is applied on the PWM pin and determines the output frequency and duty cycle of the
half-bridges.
The MCT8316Z family of devices supports both analog and digital hall inputs by changing mode input setting.
Differential hall inputs should be connected to HPx and HNx pins (see Figure 8-3). Digital hall inputs should be
connected to the HPx pins while keeping the HNx pins floating (see Figure 8-4).
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The half-bridge output states are managed by the HPA, HNA, HPB, HNB, HPC and HNC pins in analog mode
and HPA, HPB, HPC in digital mode which are used as state logic inputs. The state inputs are the position
feedback of the BLDC motor. The 1x PWM mode usually operates with synchronous rectification (low-side
MOSFET recirculation); however, the mode can be configured to use asynchronous rectification (MOSFET body
diode freewheeling) as shown below
Table 8-2. PWM_MODE Configuration
MODE Pin (Hardware
MODE Type
Mode 1
Hall Configuration
Analog Hall Input
Digital Hall Input
Modulation
Asynchronous
Asynchronous
ASR and AAR Mode
ASR and AAR Disabled
ASR and AAR Disabled
Variant)
Connected to AGND
Connected to AGND with
RMODE1
Mode 2
Connected to AGND with
RMODE2
Mode 3
Mode 4
Mode 5
Analog Hall Input
Digital Hall Input
Analog Hall Input
Synchronous
Synchronous
Synchronous
ASR and AAR Disabled
ASR and AAR Disabled
ASR and AAR Enabled
Hi-Z
Connected to AVDD with
RMODE2
Connected to AVDD with
RMODE1
Mode 6
Mode 7
Digital Hall Input
Synchronous
ASR and AAR Enabled
Connected to AVDD
Note
Texas Instruments does not recommend changing the MODE pin or PWM_MODE register during
operation of the power MOSFETs. Set PWM to a low level before changing the MODE pin or
PWM_MODE register.
8.3.2.1 Analog Hall Input Configuration
Figure 8-3 shows the connection of Analog Hall inputs to the driver. Analog hall elements are fed to the hall
comparators, which zero crossing is used to generate the commutation logic.
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MCT8316Z
HPC
HNC
HPB
(Optional)
(Optional)
(Optional)
Analog Hall
Comparator Input
HNB
HPA
HNA
PWM
DIR
MCU_PWM
MCU_GPIO
OUTA
MCU_GPIO
BRAKE
Hall A
Hall B
Hall C
OUTB
OUTC
Figure 8-3. 1x PWM Mode with Analog Hall Input
Note
Texas Instruments recommends motor direction (DIR) change when the motor is stationary.
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8.3.2.2 Digital Hall Input Configuration
Figure 8-4 shows the connection of Digital Hall inputs to the driver.
MCT8316Z
HPC
HNC
HPB
X
X
X
Digital Inputs
HNB
HPA
HNA
PWM
DIR
MCU_PWM
MCU_GPIO
OUTA
MCU_GPIO
BRAKE
Hall A
Hall B
Hall C
OUTB
OUTC
Figure 8-4. 1x PWM Mode with Digital Hall Input
8.3.2.3 Asynchronous Modulation
The DIR pin controls the direction of BLDC motor in either clockwise or counter-clockwise direction. Tie the DIR
pin low if this feature is not required.
The BRAKE input halts the motor by turning off all high-side MOSFETs and turning on all low-side MOSFETs
when it is pulled high. This brake is independent of the states of the other input pins. Tie the BRAKE pin low if
this feature is not required.
Table 8-3 shows the configuration in 1x PWM mode with asynchronous modulation.
Table 8-3. Asynchronous Modulation
HALL INPUTS
DIR = 0
HALL_A HALL_B HALL_C HALL_A HALL_B HALL_C
DRIVER OUTPUTS
DIR = 1
PHASE A
PHASE B PHASE C
STATE
DESCRIPTION
High
Low
Side
High
Side
Low
Side
High
Side
Low
Side
/HPA
/HPB
/HPC
/HPA
/HPB
/HPC
Side
Stop
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
L
PWM
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
H
H
L
L
H
L
L
L
H
H
H
L
Stop
Align
L
L
Align
1
2
3
4
5
6
PWM
L
L
B → C
A → C
A → B
C → B
C → A
B → A
PWM
PWM
L
L
L
L
L
H
H
L
L
PWM
PWM
L
L
L
L
L
L
PWM
L
L
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8.3.2.4 Synchronous Modulation
Table 8-4 shows the configuration in 1x PWM mode with synchronous modulation.
Table 8-4. Synchronous Modulation
HALL INPUTS
DIR = 0
HALL_A HALL_B HALL_C HALL_A HALL_B HALL_C
DRIVER OUTPUTS
DIR = 1
PHASE A
PHASE B PHASE C
STATE
DESCRIPTION
High
Low
Side
High
Side
Low
Side
High
Side
Low
Side
/HPA
/HPB
/HPC
/HPA
/HPB
/HPC
Side
Stop
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
L
PWM
L
L
!PWM
L
L
L
L
L
Stop
Align
L
H
L
H
Align
1
2
3
4
5
6
PWM
!PWM
L
L
H
H
B → C
A → C
A → B
C → B
C → A
B → A
PWM
PWM
L
!PWM
!PWM
L
L
L
H
L
L
L
L
H
PWM
PWM
L
!PWM
!PWM
L
L
H
L
L
L
H
PWM
!PWM
8.3.2.5 Motor Operation
Figure 8-5 and Figure 8-6 shows the BLDC motor commutation with direction setting (DIR) as 0 and 1
respectively.
Hall A
Hall B
Hall C
Hall A
Hall B
Hall C
&t
&t
&t
&t
&t
&t
Idc
Idc
Van
ia
Van
ia
0
0
&t
&t
&t
&t
2Œ/3
2Œ/3
Vbn
ib
Vbn
ib
0
0
2Œ/3
2Œ/3
Vcn
ic
Vcn
ic
0
0
&t
&t
2Œ/3
2Œ/3
HA, LB
HA, LC
HB, LC
HB, LA
HC, LA
HC, LB
HB, LA
HC, LA
HC, LB
HA, LB
HA, LC
HB, LC
&t
&t
2Œ
2Œ
Figure 8-5. BLDC Motor Commutation with DIR = 0 Figure 8-6. BLDC Motor Commutation with DIR = 1
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8.3.3 Device Interface Modes
The MCT8316Z family of devices supports two different interface modes (SPI and hardware) to let the end
application design for either flexibility or simplicity. The two interface modes share the same four pins, allowing
the different versions to be pin-to-pin compatible. This compatibility lets application designers evaluate with one
interface version and potentially switch to another with minimal modifications to their design.
8.3.3.1 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
The SPI devices support a serial communication bus that lets an external controller send and receive data
with the MCT8316Z. This support lets the external controller configure device settings and read detailed fault
information. The interface is a four wire interface using the SCLK, SDI, SDO, and nSCS pins which are
described as follows:
•
The SCLK pin is an input that accepts a clock signal to determine when data is captured and propagated on
the SDI and SDO pins.
•
•
The SDI pin is the data input.
The SDO pin is the data output. The SDO pin can be configured to either open-drain or push-pull through
SDO_MODE.
•
The nSCS pin is the chip select input. A logic low signal on this pin enables SPI communication with the
MCT8316Z.
For more information on the SPI, see the Section 8.5 section.
8.3.3.2 Hardware Interface
Hardware interface devices convert the four SPI pins into four resistor-configurable inputs which are ADVANCE,
MODE, SLEW and VSEL_BK.
This conversion lets the application designer configure the most common device settings by tying the pin logic
high or logic low, or with a simple pullup or pulldown resistor. This removes the requirement for an SPI bus from
the external controller. General fault information can still be obtained through the nFAULT pin.
•
•
•
•
The MODE pin configures the PWM control mode.
The SLEW pin configures the slew rate of the output voltage.
The ADVANCE pin configures the lead angle of the output with respect to hall signals.
The VSEL_BK pin is used to configure the buck regulator voltage.
For more information on the hardware interface, see the Section 8.3.10 section.
AVDD
RSLEW
AVDD
SCLK
SDI
SLEW
AVDD
AVDD
MODE
SPI
Interface
VCC
RPU
AVDD
Hardware
Interface
SDO
nSCS
ADVANCE
AVDD
AVDD
GAIN
RGAIN
Figure 8-7. MCT8316ZR SPI Interface
Figure 8-8. MCT8316ZT Hardware Interface
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8.3.4 Step-Down Mixed-Mode Buck Regulator
The MCT8316ZR and MCT8316ZT has an integrated mixed-mode buck regulator in conjunction with AVDD
to supply regulated 3.3 V or 5.0 V power for an external controller or system voltage rail. Additionally, the
buck output can also be configured to 4.0 V or 5.7 V for supporting the extra headroom for external LDO
for generating a 3.3 V or 5.0 V supplies. The output voltage of the buck is set by the VSEL_BK pin in the
MCT8316ZT device (hardware variant) and BUCK_SEL bits in the MCT8316ZR device (SPI variant).
TThe buck regulator has a low quiescent current of ~1-2 mA during light loads to prolong battery life. The device
improves performance during line and load transients by implementing a pulse-frequency current-mode control
scheme which requires less output capacitance and simplifies frequency compensation design.
To disable the buck regulator, set the BUCK_DIS bit in the MCT8316ZR (SPI variant). The buck regulator cannot
be disabled in the MCT8316ZT (hardware variant).
Note
If the buck regulator is unused, the buck pins SW_BK, GND_BK, and FB_BK cannot be left floating
or connected to ground. The buck regulator components LBK/RBK and CBK must be connected in
hardware.
Table 8-5. Recommended settings for Buck Regulator
Buck Mode
Buck output voltage Max output current Max output current Buck current limit
AVDD power
sequencing
from AVDD (IAVDD
)
from Buck (IBK)
Inductor - 47 μH
Inductor - 47 μH
Inductor - 22 μH
Inductor - 22 μH
Resistor - 22 μH
Resistor - 22 μH
3.3 V or 4.0 V
5.0 V or 5.7 V
5.0 V or 5.7 V
3.3 V or 4.0 V
5.0 V or 5.7 V
3.3 V or 4.0 V
30 mA
200 mA - IAVDD
600 mA (BUCK_CL = Not supported
0b)
(BUCK_PS_DIS = 1)
30 mA
30 mA
30 mA
30 mA
30 mA
200 mA - IAVDD
50 mA - IAVDD
50 mA - IAVDD
40 mA - IAVDD
40 mA - IAVDD
600 mA (BUCK_CL = Supported
0b)
(BUCK_PS_DIS = 0)
150 mA (BUCK_CL = Not supported
1b)
(BUCK_PS_DIS = 1)
150 mA (BUCK_CL = Supported
1b)
(BUCK_PS_DIS = 0)
150 mA (BUCK_CL = Not supported
1b)
(BUCK_PS_DIS = 1)
150 mA (BUCK_CL = Supported
1b)
(BUCK_PS_DIS = 0)
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8.3.4.1 Buck in Inductor Mode
The buck regulator in MCT8316Z device is primarily designed to support low inductance of 47µH and 22µH
inductors. The 47µH inductor allows the buck regulator to operate up to 200 mA load current support, whereas
the 22µH inductor limits the load current to 50 mA.
Figure 8-9 shows the connection of buck regulator in inductor mode.
VM
SW_BK
Ext. Load
VBK
Control
LBK
CBK
GND_BK
FB_BK
Figure 8-9. Buck (Inductor Mode)
8.3.4.2 Buck in Resistor mode
If the external load requirements is less than 40mA, the inductor can be replaced with a resistor. In resistor mode
the power is dissipated across the external resistor and the efficiency is lower than buck in inductor mode.
Figure 8-10 shows the connection of buck regulator in resistor mode.
VM
SW_BK
Ext. Load
VBK
Control
RBK
CBK
GND_BK
FB_BK
Figure 8-10. Buck (Resistor Mode)
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8.3.4.3 Buck Regulator with External LDO
The buck regulator also supports the voltage requirement to fed to external LDO to generate standard 3.3 V or
5.0 V output rail with higher accuracies. The buck output voltage should be configured to 4 V or 5.5 V to provide
for a extra headroom to support the external LDO for generating 3.3 V or 5 V rail as shown in Figure 8-11.
This allows for a lower-voltage LDO design to save cost and better thermal management due to low drop-out
voltage.
VM
VLDO
(3.3V / 5V)
VBK
SW_BK
(4V / 5.7V)
VIN
VLDO
Ext. Load
CLDO
Control
LBK
3.3V / 5V
LDO
CBK
GND_BK
FB_BK
GND
External LDO
GND
Figure 8-11. Buck Regulator with External LDO
8.3.4.4 AVDD Power Sequencing on Buck Regulator
The AVDD LDO has an option of using the power supply from mixed mode buck regulator to reduce power
dissipation internally. The power sequencing mode allows on-the-fly changeover of LDO power supply from DC
mains (VM) to buck output (VBK) as shown in Figure 8-12. This sequencing can be configured through the
BUCK_PS_DIS bit . Power sequencing is supported only when buck output voltage is set to 5.0 V or 5.7 V.
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VM
SW_BK
LBK
Ext. Load
VBK
Control
CBK
GND_BK
FB_BK
BUCK_PS_DIS
VBK
VM
REF
+
–
AVDD
AGND
External Load
CAVDD
Figure 8-12. AVDD Power Sequencing on mixed mode Buck Regulator
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8.3.4.5 Mixed mode Buck Operation and Control
The buck regulator implements a pulse frequency modulation (PFM) architecture with peak current mode control.
The output voltage of the buck regulator is compared with the internal reference voltage (VBK_REF) which is
internally generated depending on the buck-output voltage setting (BUCK_SEL) which constitutes an outer
voltage control loop. Depending on the comparator output going high (VBK < VBK_REF) or low (VBK > VBK_REF),
the high-side power FET of the buck turns on and turna off respectively. An independent current control loop
monitors the current in high-side power FET (IBK) and turns off the high-side FET when the current becomes
higher than the buck current limit (IBK_CL). This implements a current limit control for the buck regulator. Figure
8-13 shows the architecture of the buck and various control/protection loops.
SW_BK
IBK
Ext. Load
VBK
VM
LBK
PWM Control
and Driver
CBK
GND_BK
IBK
+
Current Limit
OC Protection
UV Protection
_
IBK_CL
IBK
+
_
IBK_OCP
FB_BK
VBK
+
_
VBK_UVLO
VBK
+
_
Voltage Control
VBK_REF
Buck
Reference
Voltage
BUCK_SEL
Buck Control
Generator
Figure 8-13. Buck Operation and Control Loops
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8.3.5 AVDD Linear Voltage Regulator
A 3.3-V, linear regulator is integrated into the MCT8316Z family of devices and is available for use by external
circuitry. The AVDD regulator is used for powering up the internal digital circuitry of the device and additionally,
this regulator can also provide the supply voltage for a low-power MCU or other circuitry supporting low current
(up to 30 mA). The output of the AVDD regulator should be bypassed near the AVDD pin with a X5R or X7R,
1-µF, 6.3-V ceramic capacitor routed directly back to the adjacent AGND ground pin.
The AVDD nominal, no-load output voltage is 3.3V.
FB_BK
BUCK_PS_DIS
VBK
VM
REF
+
–
AVDD
AGND
External Load
CAVDD
Figure 8-14. AVDD Linear Regulator Block Diagram
Use Equation 1 to calculate the power dissipated in the device by the AVDD linear regulator with VM as supply
(BUCK_PD_DIS = 1)
2 = (88/ F 8#8&&) × +#8&&
(1)
For example, at a VVM of 24 V, drawing 20 mA out of AVDD results in a power dissipation as shown in Equation
2.
P = 24 V - 3.3 V ì 20 mA = 414 mW
(2)
Use Equation 3 to calculate the power dissipated in the device by the AVDD linear regulator with buck output as
supply (BUCK_PD_DIS = 0)
P =
V
− V
× I
(3)
FB_BK
AVDD AVDD
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8.3.6 Charge Pump
Because the output stages use N-channel FETs, the device requires a gate-drive voltage higher than the
VM power supply to enhance the high-side FETs fully. The MCT8316Z integrates a charge-pump circuit that
generates a voltage above the VM supply for this purpose.
The charge pump requires two external capacitors for operation. See the block diagram, pin descriptions and
see section (Section 8.3 ) for details on these capacitors (value, connection, and so forth).
The charge pump shuts down when nSLEEP is low.
VM
VM
CCP
CP
CPH
VM
Charge
Pump
Control
CFLY
CPL
Figure 8-15. MCT8316Z Charge Pump
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8.3.7 Slew Rate Control
An adjustable gate-drive current control to the MOSFETs of half-bridges is implemented to achieve the slew
rate control. The MOSFET VDS slew rates are a critical factor for optimizing radiated emissions, energy and
duration of diode recovery spikes, and switching voltage transients related to parasitics. These slew rates are
predominantly determined by the rate of gate charge to internal MOSFETs as shown in Figure 8-16.
VM
VCP (Internal)
Slew Rate
Control
OUTx
VCP (Internal)
Slew Rate
Control
GND
Figure 8-16. Slew Rate Circuit Implementation
The slew rate of each half-bridge can be adjusted by the SLEW pin in hardware device variant or by using the
SLEW bits in SPI device variant. Each half-bridge can be selected to either of a slew rate setting of 25-V/µs,
50-V/µs, 125-V/µs or 200-V/µs. The slew rate is calculated by the rise time and fall time of the voltage on OUTx
pin as shown in Figure 8-17.
VOUTx
VM
VM
80%
80%
20%
20%
0
Time
tfall
trise
Figure 8-17. Slew Rate Timings
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8.3.8 Cross Conduction (Dead Time)
The device is fully protected for any cross conduction of MOSFETs. In half-bridge configuration, the operation
of high-side and low-side MOSFETs are ensured to avoid any shoot-through currents by inserting a dead time
(tdead). This is implemented by sensing the gate-source voltage (VGS) of the high-side and low-side MOSFETs
and ensuring that VGS of high-side MOSFET has reached below turn-off levels before switching on the low-side
MOSFET of same half-bridge as shown in Figure 8-18 and Figure 8-19.
VM
Gate
Control
+
VGS
HS
LS
œ
OUTx
Gate
Control
+
GND
VGS
œ
Figure 8-18. Cross Conduction Protection
OUTx HS
OUTx
Gate
(VGS_HS)
10%
tDEAD
OUTx
Gate
(VHS_LS)
10%
OUTx LS
Time
Figure 8-19. Dead Time
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8.3.9 Propagation Delay
The propagation delay time (tpd) is measured as the time between an input logic edge to change in gate driver
voltage. This time has three parts consisting of the digital input deglitcher delay, analog driver, and comparator
delay.
The input deglitcher prevents high-frequency noise on the input pins from affecting the output state of the gate
drivers. To support multiple control modes, a small digital delay is added as the input command propagates
through the device.
PWM
OUTx High
tPD
1V
OUTx Low
OUTx
Time
Figure 8-20. Propagation Delay Timing
8.3.9.1 Driver Delay Compensation
MCT8316Z monitors the prorogation delay internally and adds a variable delay on top of it to provide fixed delay
as shown in Figure 8-21 and Figure 8-22. Delay compensation feature reduces uncertainty caused in timing of
current measurement and also reduces duty cycle distortion caused due to propagation delay.
The fixed delay is summation of propagation delay (tPD) caused to internal driver delay and variable delay (tVAR
)
added to compensate for uncertainty. The fixed delay can be configured through DLY_TARGET register. Refer
Table 8-6 for recommendation on configuration for DLY_TARGET for different slew rate settings.
Delay compensation is only available in SPI variant MCT8316ZR and can be enabled by configuring
DLYCMP_EN and DLY_TARGET. It is disabled in hardware variant MCT8316ZT
PWM
PWM
1V
1V
1V
1V
OUTx
OUTx
Time
Time
tVAR
tVAR
tPD
tPD
tVAR
tVAR
tPD
tPD
DLY_TARGET
DLY_TARGET
DLY_TARGET
DLY_TARGET
Figure 8-22. Delay Compensation with current
flowing into the phase
Figure 8-21. Delay Compensation with current
flowing out of phase
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Table 8-6. Delay Target Recommendation
SLEW RATE
200 V/μs
125 V/μs
50 V/μs
DLY_TARGET
DLY_TARGET = 0x5 (1.2 μs)
DLY_TARGET = 0x8 (1.8 μs)
DLY_TARGET = 0xB (2.4 μs)
DLY_TARGET = 0xF (3.2 μs)
25 V/μs
8.3.10 Pin Diagrams
This section presents the I/O structure of all digital input and output pins.
8.3.10.1 Logic Level Input Pin (Internal Pulldown)
Figure 8-23 shows the input structure for the logic level pins, BRAKE, DIR, DRVOFF, nSLEEP, PWM, SCLK and
SDI. The input can be with a voltage or external resistor. It is recommended to put these pins low in device sleep
mode to reduce leakage current through internal pull-down resistors.
AVDD
STATE
VIH
CONNECTION
Tied to AVDD
Tied to GND
INPUT
Logic High
Logic Low
VIL
RPD
ESD
Figure 8-23. Logic-Level Input Pin Structure
8.3.10.2 Logic Level Input Pin (Internal Pullup)
Figure 8-24 shows the input structure for the logic level pin, nSCS. The input can be driven with a voltage or
external resistor.
AVDD
AVDD
STATE
VIH
CONNECTION
Tied to AVDD
Tied to GND
INPUT
RPU
Logic High
Logic Low
VIL
ESD
Figure 8-24. Logic nSCC
8.3.10.3 Open Drain Pin
Figure 8-25 shows the structure of the open-drain output pins, nFAULT, FGOUT and SDO in open drain mode.
The open-drain output requires an external pullup resistor to function properly.
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AVDD
STATE
No Fault
Fault
STATUS
RPU
Pulled-Up
OUTPUT
Inactive
Active
Pulled-Down
ESD
Figure 8-25. Open Drain
8.3.10.4 Push Pull Pin
Figure 8-26 shows the structure of SDO in push-pull mode.
AVDD
STATE
VOH
STATUS
Pulled-Up
OUTPUT
VOL
Pulled-Down
ESD
Logic High
Logic Low
Figure 8-26. Push Pull
8.3.10.5 Four Level Input Pin
Figure 8-27 shows the structure of the four level input pins, SLEW and VSEL_BK on hardware interface devices.
The input can be set with an external resistor.
CONTROL
AVDD
AVDD
STATE
VL1
RESISTANCE
Tied to AGND
Setting-1
Setting-2
Setting-3
Setting-4
+
RPU
œ
Hi-Z (>2000 kΩ to
AGND)
VL2
VL3
VL4
+
RPD
47 kΩ ±5%
to AVDD
œ
Tied to AVDD
+
œ
Figure 8-27. Four Level Input Pin Structure
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8.3.10.6 Seven Level Input Pin
Figure 8-28 shows the structure of the seven level input pins, ADVANCE and MODE, on hardware interface
devices. The input can be set with an external resistor.
CONTROL
Setting-1
+
œ
STATE
VL1
RESISTANCE
Tied to AGND
Setting-2
Setting-3
Setting-4
Setting-5
Setting-6
Setting-7
+
AVDD
AVDD
œ
22 kꢀ 5%
to AGND
VL2
VL3
VL4
VL5
VL6
VL7
+
100 kꢀ 5%
to AGND
RPU
œ
Hi-Z (>2000 kΩ
to AGND)
RPD
+
100 kꢀ 5%
to AVDD
œ
Latch
22 kΩ ±5%
to AVDD
+
Tied to AVDD
œ
+
œ
Figure 8-28. Seven Level Input Pin Structure
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8.3.11 Active Demagnetization
MCT8316Z family of devices has smart rectification features (active demagnetization) which decreases power
losses in the device by reducing diode conduction losses. When this feature is enabled, the device automatically
turns ON the corresponding MOSFET whenever it detects diode conduction. This feature can be configured
with the MODE pins in hardware variants. In SPI device variants this can be configured through EN_ASR and
EN_AAR bits. The smart rectification is classified into two categories of automatic synchronous rectification
(ASR) mode and automatic asynchronous rectification (AAR) mode which are described in sections below.
Note
In SPI device variants both bits, EN_ASR and EN_AAR needs to set to 1 to enable active
demagnetization.
The MCT8316Z device includes a high-side (AD_HS) and low-side (AD_LS) comparator which detects the
negative flow of current in the device on each half-bridge. The AD_HS comparator compares the sense-FET
output with the supply voltage (VM) threshold, whereas the AD_LS comparator compares with the ground (0-V)
threshold. Depending upon the flow of current from OUTx to VM or PGND to OUTx, the AD_HS or the AD_LS
comparator trips. This comparator provides a reference point for the operation of active demagnetization feature.
VM
AD_HS
Comparator
+
-
Sense
FET
(To Digital)
(To Digital)
OUTX
VM
+
-
Sense
FET
AD_LS
Comparator
0V (GND)
PGND
VREF
I/V Converter
SOX
GAIN
Figure 8-29. Active Demagnetization Operation
Table 8-7 shows the configuration of ASR and AAR mode in the MCT8316Z device.
Table 8-7. PWM_MODE Configuration
MODE Pin
(Hardware Variant)
ASR and AAR
configuration
MODE Type
Mode 1
Hall Configuration
Analog Hall Input
Digital Hall Input
Analog Hall Input
Digital Hall Input
Analog Hall Input
Modulation
Asynchronous
Asynchronous
Synchronous
Synchronous
Synchronous
ASR and AAR Mode
EN_ASR = 0,
EN_AAR = 0
ASR and AAR
Disabled
Connected to AGND
Connected to AGND
with RMODE1
EN_ASR = 0,
EN_AAR = 0
ASR and AAR
Disabled
Mode 2
Connected to AGND
with RMODE2
EN_ASR = 0,
EN_AAR = 0
ASR and AAR
Disabled
Mode 3
EN_ASR = 0,
EN_AAR = 0
ASR and AAR
Disabled
Mode 4
Hi-Z
Connected to AVDD
with RMODE2
EN_ASR = 1,
EN_AAR = 1
ASR and AAR
Enabled
Mode 5
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Table 8-7. PWM_MODE Configuration (continued)
MODE Pin
(Hardware Variant)
ASR and AAR
configuration
MODE Type
Hall Configuration
Modulation
ASR and AAR Mode
Connected to AVDD
with RMODE1
Mode 6
Mode 7
EN_ASR = 1,
EN_AAR = 1
ASR and AAR
Enabled
Digital Hall Input
Synchronous
Connected to AVDD
8.3.11.1 Automatic Synchronous Rectification Mode (ASR Mode)
The automatic synchronous rectification (ASR) mode is divided into two categories of ASR during commutation
and ASR during PWM mode.
8.3.11.1.1 Automatic Synchronous Rectification in Commutation
Figure 8-30 shows the operation of active demagnetization during the BLDC motor commutation. As shown
in Figure 8-30 (a), the current is flowing from HA to LC in one commutation state. During the commutation
changeover as shown in Figure 8-30 (b), the HC switch is turned on, whereas the commutation current (due to
motor inductance) in OUTA flows through the body diode of LA. This incorporates a higher diode loss depending
on the commutation current. This commutation loss is reduced by turning on the LA for the commutation time as
shown in Figure 8-30 (c).
Similarly the operation of high-side FET is realized in Figure 8-30 (d), (e) and (f).
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VM
VM
HB
HC
HA
HB
HC
HA
OUTA
OUTA
OUTB
OUTB
OUTC
OUTC
OUTC
OUTC
OUTC
OUTC
LA
LB
LC
LA
LB
LC
(a) Current flowing from HA to LC
VM
(d) Current flowing from HC to LA
VM
Decay Current
Decay Current
HB
HC
HB
OUTA
LB
HC
HA
HA
OUTA
OUTB
OUTB
LA
LB
LC
LA
LC
(e) Decay current with AD disabled
VM
(b) Decay current with AD disabled
VM
Decay Current
Decay Current
HB
HC
HB
OUTA
LB
HC
HA
HA
OUTA
OUTB
OUTB
LA
LB
LC
LA
LC
(c) Decay current with AD enabled
(f) Decay current with AD enabled
Figure 8-30. ASR in BLDC Motor Commutation
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Figure 8-31 (a) shows the BLDC motor phase current waveforms for automatic synchronous rectification mode
in BLDC motor operating with trapezoidal commutation. This figure shows the operation of various switches in a
single commutation cycle.
Figure 8-31 (b) shows the zoomed waveform of commutation cycle with details on the ASR mode start with
margin time (tmargin) and ASR mode early stop due to active demag. comparator threshold and delays.
Current Limit
Phase ”A‘
Current
LA
HA
HA, LB
HB, LC
HB, LA
HC, LA
HC, LB
HA, LC
(a) Commutation current of Phase —A“
tmargin
tdead
HA Conducts
LA Body Diode
Conducts
HA Body Diode
Conducts
Phase ”A‘
Current
LA Conducts
tdead
HC, LA
HC, LB
HA, LC
HB, LC
(b) Zoomed waveform of Active Demagnetization
Figure 8-31. Current Waveforms for ASR in BLDC Motor Commutation
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8.3.11.1.2 Automatic Synchronous Rectification in PWM Mode
Figure 8-32 shows the operation of ASR in PWM mode. As shown in this figure, a PWM is applied only on
the high-side FET, whereas the low-side FET is always off. During the PWM off time, current decays from the
low-side FET which results in higher power losses. Therefore, this mode supports turning on the low-side FET
during the low-side diode conduction.
PWM_HS
(Applied)
&t
PWM_LS
(Applied)
&t
PWM_HS
(Actual)
&t
PWM_LS
(Actual)
&t
Ia
&t
ASR Mode Disabled
ASR Mode Enabled
Figure 8-32. ASR in PWM Mode
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8.3.11.2 Automatic Asynchronous Rectification Mode (AAR Mode)
Figure 8-33 shows the operation of AAR in PWM mode. As shown in this figure, a PWM is applied in a
synchronous rectification to the high-side and low-side FETs. During the low-side FET conduction, for lower
inductance motors, the current can decay to zero and becomes negative since low side FET is in on-state. This
creates a negative torque on the BLDC motor operation. When AAR mode is enabled, the current during the
decay is monitored and the low-side FET is turned off as soon as the current reaches near to zero. This saves
the negative current building in the BLDC motor which results in better noise performance and better thermal
management.
PWM_HS
(Applied)
&t
PWM_LS
(Applied)
&t
PWM_HS
(Actual)
&t
PWM_LS
(Actual)
&t
Ia
&t
AAR Mode Disabled
AAR Mode Enabled
Figure 8-33. AAR in PWM Mode
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8.3.12 Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limit
The current-limit circuit activates if the current flowing through the low-side MOSFET exceeds the ILIMIT current.
This feature restricts motor current to less than the ILIMIT
.
The current-limit circuitry utilizes the current sense amplifier output of the three phases compared with the
voltage at ILIM pin. Figure 8-34 shows the implementation of current limit circuitry. As shown in this figure, the
output of current sense amplifiers is combined with star connected resistive network. This measured voltage
VMEAS is compared with the external reference voltage e VILIM pin to realize the current limit implementation. The
relation between current sensed on OUTX pin and VMEAS threshold is given as:
8
#8&&W
: ;
¤
A F k +176# + +176$ + +176% × )#+0 3o
8/'#5 = @
2
(4)
where
•
•
•
AVDD is 3.3-V LDO output
OUTX is current flowing into the low-side MOSFET
GAIN is the CSA_GAIN setting
The ILIMIT threshold can be adjusted by configuring ILIM pin between AVDD/2 to (AVDD/2 - 0.4) V. AVDD/2 is
minimum value and when it is applied on ILIM pin cycle by cycle current limit is disabled, whereas maximum
threshold of 8A can be configured by applying (AVDD/2 - 0.4) V on ILIM pin.
VM
AVDD
I/V Converter
SOA
OUTA
Sense
FET
GAIN
PGND
SOB
To PWM
VMEAS
VILIM
Controller
-
+
ILIM
SOC
Figure 8-34. Current Limit Implementation
When then the current limit activates, the high-side FET is disabled until the beginning of the next PWM cycle
as shown in Figure 8-35. The low-side FETs can operate in brake mode or high-Z mode by configuring the
ILIM_RECIR bit in the SPI device variant.
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PWM
OUTx
ILIMIT
Bridge Operating in
Brake Mode
IBRIDGE
Time
Figure 8-35. Cycle-by-Cycle Current-Limit Operation
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In the MCT8316Z device, when the current limit activates in synchronous rectification mode, the current
recirculates through the low-side FETs while the high-side FETs are disabled as shown in Figure 8-36
Moreover, when the current limit activates in asynchronous rectification mode, the current recirculates through
the body diodes of the low-side FETs while the high-side FETs are disabled as shown in Figure 8-37
VM
VM
HB
HC
HA
HB
HC
HA
X
X
X
X
X
X
OUTA
OUTA
OUTB
OUTB
OUTC
OUTC
LA
LB
LC
LA
LB LC
X X X
Figure 8-36. Brake State
Figure 8-37. Coast State
Note
The current-limit circuit is ignored immediately after the PWM signal goes active for a short blanking
time to prevent false trips of the current-limit circuit.
Note
During the brake operation, a high-current can flow through the low-side FETs which can eventually
trigger the over current protection circuit. This allows the body-diode of the high-side FET to conduct
and pump brake energy to the VM supply rail.
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8.3.12.1 Cycle by Cycle Current Limit with 100% Duty Cycle Input
In case of 100% duty cycle applied on PWM input, there is no edge available to turn high-side FET back on.
To overcome this problem, MCT8316Z has built in internal PWM clock which is used to turn high-side FET back
on once it is disabled after exceeding ILIMIT threshold. In SPI variant MCT8316ZR, this internal PWM clock can
be configured to either 20 kHz or 40 kHz through PWM_100_DUTY_SEL. In H/W variant MCT8316ZT PWM
internal clock is set to 20 kHz. Figure 8-38 shows operation with 100 % duty cycle.
PWM
Internal
PWM
OUTx
ILIMIT
Bridge Operating in
Brake Mode
Time
Figure 8-38. Cycle-by-Cycle Current-Limit Operation with 100% PWM Duty Cycle
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8.3.13 Hall Comparators (Analog Hall Inputs)
Three comparators are provided to process the raw signals from the Hall-effect sensors to commutate the motor.
The Hall comparators sense the zero crossings of the differential inputs and pass the information to digital logic.
The Hall comparators have hysteresis, and their detect threshold is centered at 0. The hysteresis is defined as
shown in Figure 8-39.
In addition to the hysteresis, the Hall inputs are deglitched with a circuit that ignores any extra Hall transitions
for a period of tHDEG after sensing a valid transition. Ignoring these transitions for the tHDEG time prevents PWM
noise from being coupled into the Hall inputs, which can result in erroneous commutation.
If excessive noise is still coupled into the Hall comparator inputs, adding capacitors between the positive and
negative inputs of the Hall comparators may be required. The ESD protection circuitry on the Hall inputs
implements a diode to the AVDD pin. Because of this diode, the voltage on the Hall inputs should not exceed the
AVDD voltage.
Because the AVDD pin is disabled in sleep mode (nSLEEP inactive), the Hall inputs should not be driven by
external voltages in sleep mode. If the Hall sensors are powered externally, the supply to the Hall sensors should
be disabled if the MCT8316Z device is put into sleep mode. In addition, the Hall sensors' power supply should
be powered up after enabling the motor otherwise an invalid Hall state may cause a delay in motor operation.
Hall Differential
Voltage (VID/2)
VHYS/2
Hall Comparator
Common Mode
Voltage (VCM
)
Hall Comparator
Output
tHDEG (Hall
Deglitch Time)
Time
Figure 8-39. Hall Comparators Operation
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8.3.14 Advance Angle
The MCT8316Z includes device an advance angle feature to advance the commutation by a specified electrical
angle based on the voltage on the ADVANCE pin (in H/W device variant) or the ADVANCE bits (in SPI device
variant). Figure 8-40 shows the operation of advance angle feature.
Hall A
&t
Hall B
&t
Hall C
&t
Before Advance
After Advance
Van
ia
0
&t
Advance
Angle
Vbn
ib
0
&t
2Œ/3
Vcn
ic
0
&t
2Œ/3
HA, LB
HA, LC
HB, LC
HB, LA
HC, LA
HC, LB
&t
2Œ
Figure 8-40. Advance Angle
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8.3.15 FGOUT Signal
The MCT8316Z device also has an open-drain FGOUT signal that can be used for closed-loop speed control of
a BLDC motor. This signal includes the information of all three Hall-elements inputs as shown in Section 8.3.15.
In the MCT8316ZR (SPI variant), FGOUT can be configured to be a different division factor of Hall signals as
shown in Section 8.3.15. In the MCT8316ZT (Hardware variant), the default mode is FGOUT_SEL = 00b.
Hall Input
(HPA, HNA)
Hall Input
(HPB, HNB)
Hall Input
(HPC, HNC)
Hall Comparator
Output (HA) /
Digital Hall Input
Hall Comparator
Output (HB) /
Digital Hall Input
Hall Comparator
Output (HC) /
Digital Hall Input
FGOUT
(FGOUT_SEL =
00b)
FGOUT
(FGOUT_SEL =
01b)
FGOUT
(FGOUT_SEL =
10b)
FGOUT
(FGOUT_SEL =
11b)
Time
Figure 8-41. FGOUT Signal
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8.3.16 Protections
The MCT8316Z family of devices is protected against VM undervoltage, charge pump undervoltage, and
overcurrent events. Table 8-8 summarizes various faults details.
Table 8-8. Fault Action and Response (SPI Devices)
FAULT
CONDITION
CONFIGURATION
REPORT
H-BRIDGE
LOGIC
RECOVERY
Automatic:
VVM > VUVLO_R
CLR_FLT, nSLEEP Reset Pulse (NPOR
bit)
VM undervoltage
(NPOR)
VVM < VUVLO
—
—
Hi-Z
Disabled
Automatic:
VAVDD > VAVDD_UV_R
CLR_FLT, nSLEEP Reset Pulse (NPOR
bit)
AVDD undervoltage
(NPOR)
VAVDD < VAVDD_UV
VFB_BK < VBK_UV
VCP < VCPUV
—
—
—
—
Hi-Z
Active
Hi-Z
Disabled
Active
Automatic:
VFB_BK > VBUCK_UV_R
CLR_FLT, nSLEEP Reset Pulse
(BUCK_UV bit)
Buck undervoltage
(BUCK_UV)
nFAULT
nFAULT
Automatic:
VVCP > VCPUV
CLR_FLT, nSLEEP Reset Pulse
(VCP_UV bit)
Charge pump
undervoltage
(VCP_UV)
Active
OVP_EN = 0b
OVP_EN = 1b
None
Active
Hi-Z
Active
Active
No action (OVP Disabled)
OverVoltage
Protection
(OVP)
Automatic:
VVM < VOVP
CLR_FLT, nSLEEP Reset Pulse (OVP bit)
VVM > VOVP
FAULT
Latched:
CLR_FLT, nSLEEP Reset Pulse (OCP
bits)
OCP_MODE = 00b
OCP_MODE = 01b
nFAULT
nFAULT
Hi-Z
Hi-Z
Active
Active
Retry:
tRETRY
Overcurrent
Protection
(OCP)
IPHASE > IOCP
Automatic:
CLR_FLT, nSLEEP Reset Pulse (OCP
bits)
OCP_MODE = 10b
OCP_MODE = 11b
—
nFAULT
None
Active
Active
Active
Active
Active
Active
No action
Buck Overcurrent
Protection
(BUCK_OCP)
Retry:
tRETRY
IBK > IBK_OC
nFAULT
Automatic:
CLR_FLT, nSLEEP Reset Pulse
(SPI_FLT bit)
SPI_FLT_REP = 0b
nFAULT
Active
Active
SPI Error
(SPI_FLT)
SCLK fault and ADDR
fault
SPI_FLT_REP = 1b
—
None
Active
Hi-Z
Active
Active
No action
OTP Error
(OTP_ERR)
Latched:
OTP reading is erroneous
nFAULT
Power Cycle, nSLEEP Reset Pulse
Latched:
MTR_LOCK_MODE = 00b
MTR_LOCK_MODE = 01b
MTR_LOCK_MODE = 10b
nFAULT
nFAULT
nFAULT
Hi-Z
Hi-Z
Active
Active
Active
CLR_FLT, nSLEEP Pulse (MTR_LOCK
bit)
Retry:
tMTR_LOCK_RETRY
Motor Lock
(MTR_LOCK)
No Hall Signals >
tMTR_LOCK_TDET
Automatic:
CLR_FLT, nSLEEP Reset Pulse (OCP
bits)
Active
MTR_LOCK_MODE = 11b
OTW_REP = 0b
None
None
Active
Active
Active
Active
No action
No action
Thermal warning
(OTW)
Automatic:
TJ < TOTW – THYS
CLR_FLT, nSLEEP Pulse (OTW bit)
TJ > TOTW
OTW_REP = 1b
—
nFAULT
nFAULT
Active
Hi-Z
Active
Active
Automatic:
TJ < TOTSD – THYS
CLR_FLT, nSLEEP Pulse (OTS bit)
Thermal shutdown
(OTSD)
TJ > TOTSD
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8.3.16.1 VM Supply Undervoltage Lockout (NPOR)
If at any time the input supply voltage on the VM pin falls lower than the VUVLO threshold (VM UVLO falling
threshold), all of the integrated FETs, driver charge-pump and digital logic controller are disabled as shown in
Figure 8-42. Normal operation resumes (driver operation) when the VM undervoltage condition is removed. The
NPOR bit is reset and latched low in the IC status (IC_STAT) register once the device presumes VM. The NPOR
bit remains in reset condition until cleared through the CLR_FLT bit or an nSLEEP pin reset pulse (tRST).
VUVLO (max) rising
VUVLO (min) rising
VUVLO (max) falling
VUVLO (min) falling
VVM
DEVICE ON
DEVICE OFF
DEVICE ON
Time
Figure 8-42. VM Supply Undervoltage Lockout
8.3.16.2 AVDD Undervoltage Lockout (AVDD_UV)
If at any time the voltage on AVDD pin falls lower than the VAVDD_UV threshold, all of the integrated FETs, driver
charge-pump and digital logic controller are disabled. Normal operation resumes (driver operation) when the
AVDD undervoltage condition is removed. The NPOR bit is reset and latched low in the IC status (IC_STAT)
register once the device presumes VM. The NPOR bit remains in reset condition until cleared through the
CLR_FLT bit or an nSLEEP pin reset pulse (tRST).
8.3.16.3 BUCK Undervoltage Lockout (BUCK_UV)
If at any time the voltage on VFB_BK pin falls lower than the VBK_UV threshold, the integrated FETs of the buck
regulator are disabled while the driver FETs, charge pump, and digital logic control continue to operate normally.
The nFAULT pin is driven low in the event of a buck undervoltage fault, and the BK_FLT bit in IC_STAT register
is set in SPI devices. The FAULT and BUCK_UV bits are also latched high in the registers on SPI devices.
Normal operation starts again (buck regulator operation and the nFAULT pin is released) when the BUCK
undervoltage condition clears. The BK_FLT and BUCK_UV bits stay set until cleared through the CLR_FLT bit or
an nSLEEP pin reset pulse (tRST).
8.3.16.4 VCP Charge Pump Undervoltage Lockout (CPUV)
If at any time the voltage on the VCP pin (charge pump) falls lower than the VCPUV threshold voltage of the
charge pump, all of the integrated FETs are disabled and the nFAULT pin is driven low. The FAULT and VCP_UV
bits are also latched high in the registers on SPI devices. Normal operation starts again (driver operation and
the nFAULT pin is released) when the VCP undervoltage condition clears. The CPUV bit stays set until cleared
through the CLR_FLT bit or an nSLEEP pin reset pulse (tRST). The CPUV protection is always enabled in both
hardware and SPI device varaints.
8.3.16.5 Overvoltage Protections (OV)
If at any time input supply voltage on the VM pins rises higher lower than the VOVP threshold voltage, all of the
integrated FETs are disabled and the nFAULT pin is driven low. The FAULT and OVP bits are also latched high
in the registers on SPI devices. Normal operation starts again (driver operation and the nFAULT pin is released)
when the OVP condition clears. The OVP bit stays set until cleared through the CLR_FLT bit or an nSLEEP pin
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reset pulse (tRST). Setting the OVP_EN bit high on the SPI devices enables this protection feature. On hardware
interface devices, the OVP protection is always enabled and set to a 34-V threshold.
The OVP threshold is also programmable on the SPI device variant. The OVP threshold can be set to 20-V or
32-V based on the OVP_SEL bit.
VVM
VOVP (max) rising
VOVP (min) rising
VOVP (max) falling
VOVP (min) falling
DEVICE ON
DEVICE OFF
DEVICE ON
nFAULT
Time
Figure 8-43. Over Voltage Protection
8.3.16.6 Overcurrent Protection (OCP)
A MOSFET overcurrent event is sensed by monitoring the current flowing through FETs. If the current across
a FET exceeds the IOCP threshold for longer than the tOCP deglitch time, an OCP event is recognized and
action is done according to the OCP_MODE bit. On hardware interface devices, the IOCP threshold is fixed at
16-A threshold, the tOCP_DEG is fixed at 0.6-µs, and the OCP_MODE bit is configured for latched shutdown.
On SPI devices, the IOCP threshold is set through the OCP_LVL SPI register, the tOCP_DEG is set through the
OCP_DEG SPI register, and the OCP_MODE bit can operate in four different modes: OCP latched shutdown,
OCP automatic retry, OCP report only, and OCP disabled.
8.3.16.6.1 OCP Latched Shutdown (OCP_MODE = 00b)
After a OCP event in this mode, all MOSFETs are disabled and the nFAULT pin is driven low. The FAULT, OCP,
and corresponding FET's OCP bits are latched high in the SPI registers. Normal operation starts again (driver
operation and the nFAULT pin is released) when the OCP condition clears and a clear faults command is issued
either through the CLR_FLT bit or an nSLEEP reset pulse (tRST).
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Peak Current due
to deglitch time
IOCP
IOUTx
tOCP
nFAULT Released
nFAULT Pulled High
nFAULT
Fault Condition
Clear Fault
Time
Figure 8-44. Overcurrent Protection - Latched Shutdown Mode
8.3.16.6.2 OCP Automatic Retry (OCP_MODE = 01b)
After a OCP event in this mode, all the FETs are disabled and the nFAULT pin is driven low. The FAULT,
OCP, and corresponding FET's OCP bits are latched high in the SPI registers. Normal operation starts again
automatically (driver operation and the nFAULT pin is released) after the tRETRY time elapses. After the tRETRY
time elapses, the FAULT, OCP, and corresponding FET's OCP bits stay latched until a clear faults command is
issued either through the CLR_FLT bit or an nSLEEP reset pulse (tRST).
Peak Current due
to deglitch time
IOCP
IOUTx
tRETRY
tOCP
nFAULT Released
nFAULT Pulled High
Fault Condition
nFAULT
Time
Figure 8-45. Overcurrent Protection - Automatic Retry Mode
8.3.16.6.3 OCP Report Only (OCP_MODE = 10b)
No protective action occurs after a OCP event in this mode. The overcurrent event is reported by driving the
nFAULT pin low and latching the FAULT, OCP, and corresponding FET's OCP bits high in the SPI registers. The
MCT8316Z continues to operate as usual. The external controller manages the overcurrent condition by acting
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appropriately. The reporting clears (nFAULT pin is released) when the OCP condition clears and a clear faults
command is issued either through the CLR_FLT bit or an nSLEEP reset pulse (tRST).
8.3.16.6.4 OCP Disabled (OCP_MODE = 11b)
No action occurs after a OCP event in this mode.
8.3.16.7 Buck Overcurrent Protection
A buck overcurrent event is sensed by monitoring the current flowing through buck regulator’s FETs. If the
current across the buck regulator FET exceeds the IBK_OCP threshold for longer than the tBK_OCP deglitch time,
an OCP event is recognized. The buck OCP mode is configured in automatic retry setting. In this setting, after
a buck OCP event is detected, all the buck regulator’s FETs are disabled and the nFAULT pin is driven low.
The FAULT, BK_FLT, and BUCK_OCP bits are latched high in the SPI registers. Normal operation starts again
automatically (driver operation and the nFAULT pin is released) after the tBK_RETRY time elapses. The FAULT,
BK_FLT, and BUCK_OCP bits stay latched until the tRETRY period expires.
8.3.16.8 Motor Lock (MTR_LOCK)
During motor is in lock condition the hall signals will be not available, so a Motor Lock event is sensed by
monitoring the hall signals. If the hall signals are not present for for longer than the tMTR_LOCK, a MTR_LCK event
is recognized and action is done according to the MTR_LOCK_MODE bits. On hardware interface devices, the
tMTR_LOCK threshold is set to 1000-ms, and the MTR_LOCK_MODE bit is configured for latched shutdown. On
SPI devices, the tMTR_LOCK threshold is set through the MTR_LOCK_TDET register and the MTR_LOCK_MODE
bit can operate in four different modes: MTR_LOCK latched shutdown, MTR_LOCK automatic retry, MTR_LOCK
report only, and MTR_LOCK disabled.
8.3.16.8.1 MTR_LOCK Latched Shutdown (MTR_LOCK_MODE = 00b)
After a motor lock event in this mode, all FETs are disabled and the nFAULT pin is driven low. The FAULT and
MTR_LOCK bits are latched high in the SPI registers. Normal operation starts again (driver operation and the
nFAULT pin is released) when a clear faults command is issued either through the CLR_FLT bit or an nSLEEP
reset pulse (tRST).
8.3.16.8.2 MTR_LOCK Automatic Retry (MTR_LOCK_MODE = 01b)
After a motor lock event in this mode, all the external MOSFETs are disabled and the nFAULT pin is driven
low. The FAULT and MTR_LOCK bits are latched high in the SPI registers. Normal operation starts again
automatically (driver operation and the nFAULT pin is released) after the tMTR_LOCK_RETRY time elapses. The
FAULT and MTR_LOCK bits stay latched until the tMTR_LOCK_RETRY period expires.
8.3.16.8.3 MTR_LOCK Report Only (MTR_LOCK_MODE= 10b)
No protective action occurs after a MTR_LOCK event in this mode. The motor lock event is reported by driving
the nFAULT pin low and latching the FAULT and MTR_LOCK bits high in the SPI registers. The MCT8316Z
continues to operate as usual. The external controller manages the motor lock condition by acting appropriately.
The reporting clears (nFAULT pin is released) when a clear faults command is issued either through the
CLR_FLT bit or an nSLEEP reset pulse (tRST).
8.3.16.8.4 MTR_LOCK Disabled (MTR_LOCK_MODE = 11b)
No action occurs after a MTR_LOCK event in this mode.
8.3.16.8.5
Note
The motor lock detection scheme requires the PWM off-time (tPWM_OFF) to be lower than the motor
lock detection time (tMTR_LOCK
)
8.3.16.9 Thermal Warning (OTW)
If the die temperature exceeds the trip point of the thermal warning (TOTW), the OT bit in the IC status (IC_STAT)
register and OTW bit in the status register is set. The reporting of OTW on the nFAULT pin can be enabled by
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setting the over-temperature warning reporting (OTW_REP) bit in the configuration control register. The device
performs no additional action and continues to function. In this case, the nFAULT pin releases when the die
temperature decreases below the hysteresis point of the thermal warning (TOTW_HYS). The OTW bit remains set
until cleared through the CLR_FLT bit or an nSLEEP reset pulse (tRST) and the die temperature is lower than
thermal warning trip (TOTW).
Note
Over temperature warning is not reported on nFAULT pin by default.
8.3.16.10 Thermal Shutdown (OTS)
If the die temperature exceeds the trip point of the thermal shutdown limit (TOTS), all the FETs are disabled, the
charge pump is shut down, and the nFAULT pin is driven low. In addition, the FAULT and OT bit in the IC status
(IC_STAT) register and OTS bit in the status register is set. Normal operation starts again (driver operation
and the nFAULT pin is released) when the overtemperature condition clears. The OTS bit stays latched high
indicating that a thermal event occurred until a clear fault command is issued either through the CLR_FLT bit or
an nSLEEP reset pulse (tRST). This protection feature cannot be disabled.
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8.4 Device Functional Modes
8.4.1 Functional Modes
8.4.1.1 Sleep Mode
The nSLEEP pin manages the state of the MCT8316Z family of devices. When the nSLEEP pin is low, the
device goes to a low-power sleep mode. In sleep mode, all FETs are disabled, sense amplifiers are disabled,
buck regulator (if present) is disabled, the charge pump is disabled, the AVDD regulator is disabled, and the SPI
bus is disabled. The tSLEEP time must elapse after a falling edge on the nSLEEP pin before the device goes to
sleep mode. The device comes out of sleep mode automatically if the nSLEEP pin is pulled high. The tWAKE time
must elapse before the device is ready for inputs.
In sleep mode and when VVM < VUVLO, all MOSFETs are disabled.
Note
During power up and power down of the device through the nSLEEP pin, the nFAULT pin is held low
as the internal regulators are enabled or disabled. After the regulators have enabled or disabled, the
nFAULT pin is automatically released. The duration that the nFAULT pin is low does not exceed the
tSLEEP or tWAKE time.
Note
TI recommends to connect pull up on nFAULT even if it is not used to avoid undesirable entry into
internal test mode. If external supply is used to pull up nFAULT, ensure that it is pulled to >2.2V on
power up or the device will enter internal test mode.
8.4.1.2 Operating Mode
When the nSLEEP pin is high and the VVM voltage is greater than the VUVLO voltage, the device goes to
operating mode. The tWAKE time must elapse before the device is ready for inputs. In this mode the charge
pump, AVDD regulator, buck regulator, and SPI bus are active.
8.4.1.3 Fault Reset (CLR_FLT or nSLEEP Reset Pulse)
In the case of device latched faults, the MCT8316Z family of devices goes to a partial shutdown state to help
protect the power MOSFETs and system.
When the fault condition clears, the device can go to the operating state again by either setting the CLR_FLT
SPI bit on SPI devices or issuing a reset pulse to the nSLEEP pin on either interface variant. The nSLEEP
reset pulse (tRST) consists of a high-to-low-to-high transition on the nSLEEP pin. The low period of the sequence
should fall with the tRST time window or else the device will start the complete shutdown sequence. The reset
pulse has no effect on any of the regulators, device settings, or other functional blocks.
8.4.2 DRVOFF functionality
When DRVOFF pin is pulled high, all six MOSFETs are disabled. If nSLEEP is high when the DRVOFF pin is
high, the charge pump, AVDD regulator, buck regulator, and SPI bus are active and any driver-related faults
such as OCP will be inactive. DRVOFF pin independently disables MOSFETs which will stop motor commutation
irrespective of status of PWM input pin.
Note
Since DRVOFF pin independently disables MOSFET, it can trigger fault condition resulting in nFAULT
getting pulled low.
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8.5 SPI Communication
8.5.1 Programming
On MCT8316Z SPI devices, an SPI bus is used to set device configurations, operating parameters, and read out
diagnostic information. The SPI operates in secondary mode and connects to a controller. The SPI input data
(SDI) word consists of a 16-bit word, with a 6-bit address and 8 bits of data. The SPI output consists of 16 bit
word, with a 8 bits of status information (STAT register) and 8-bit register data.
A valid frame must meet the following conditions:
•
•
•
The SCLK pin should be low when the nSCS pin transitions from high to low and from low to high.
The nSCS pin should be pulled high for at least 400 ns between words.
When the nSCS pin is pulled high, any signals at the SCLK and SDI pins are ignored and the SDO pin is
placed in the Hi-Z state.
•
Data is captured on the falling edge of the SCLK pin and data is propagated on the rising edge of the SCLK
pin.
•
•
•
The most significant bit (MSB) is shifted in and out first.
A full 16 SCLK cycles must occur for transaction to be valid.
If the data word sent to the SDI pin is less than or more than 16 bits, a frame error occurs and the data word
is ignored.
•
For a write command, the existing data in the register being written to is shifted out on the SDO pin following
the 8-bit status data.
The SPI registers are reset to the default settings on power up and when the device is enters sleep mode
8.5.1.1 SPI Format
The SDI input data word is 16 bits long and consists of the following format:
•
•
•
•
1 read or write bit, W (bit B15)
6 address bits, A (bits B14 through B9)
Parity bit, P (bit B8). Parity bit is set such that the SDI input data word has even number of 1s and 0s
8 data bits, D (bits B7 through B0)
The SDO output data word is 16 bits long and the first 8 bits are status bits. The data word is the content of the
register being accessed.
For a write command (W0 = 0), the response word on the SDO pin is the data currently in the register being
written to.
For a read command (W0 = 1), the response word is the data currently in the register being read.
nSCS
A1
S1
D1
R1
SDI
SDO
Figure 8-46.
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Master Controller
Device
MCLK
MO
MI
SCLK
SDI
SPI
Communication
SDO
SPI
Communication
nSCS
CS
Figure 8-47.
Table 8-9. SDI Input Data Word Format
R/W
ADDRESS
Parity
DATA
DATA
B15
W0
B14
B13
A4
B12
A3
B11
A2
B10
A1
B9
A0
B8
P
B7
D7
B6
D6
B5
D5
B4
D4
B3
D3
B2
D2
B1
D1
B0
D0
A5
Table 8-10. SDO Output Data Word Format
STATUS
B15
S7
B14
S6
B13
S5
B12
S4
B11
S3
B10
S2
B9
S1
B8
S0
B7
D7
B6
D6
B5
D5
B4
D4
B3
D3
B2
D2
B1
D1
B0
D0
nSCS
SCLK
SDI
X
Z
MSB
MSB
LSB
LSB
X
Z
SDO
Capture
Point
Propagate
Point
Figure 8-48. SPI Secondary Timing Diagram
SPI Error Handling
SPI Frame Error (SPI_SCLK_FLT: If the nSCS gets deasserted before the end of 16-bit frame, SPI frame error
is detected and SPI_SCLK_FLT bit is set in STAT2. The SPI_SCLK_FLT status bit is latched and can be cleared
when a clear faults command is issued either through the CLR_FLT bit or an nSLEEP reset pulse
SPI Address Error (SPI_ADDR_FLT): If an invalid address is provided in the ADDR field of the input SPI
data on SDI, SPI address error is detected and SPI_ADDR_FLT bit in STAT2 is set. Invalid address is any
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address that is not defined in Register Map i.e. address not falling in the range of address 0x0 to 0xC. The
SPI_ADDR_FLT status bit is latched and can be cleared when a clear faults command is issued either through
the CLR_FLT bit or an nSLEEP reset pulse
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8.6 Register Map
8.6.1 STATUS Registers
STATUS Registers lists the memory-mapped registers for the STATUS registers. All register offset addresses not
listed in STATUS Registers should be considered as reserved locations and the register contents should not be
modified.
Table 8-11. STATUS Registers
Offset Acronym
Register Name
IC Status Register
Status Register 1
Status Register 2
Section
0h
1h
2h
IC_Status_Register
Section 8.6.1.1
Section 8.6.1.2
Section 8.6.1.3
Status_Register_1
Status_Register_2
Complex bit access types are encoded to fit into small table cells. STATUS Access Type Codes shows the codes
that are used for access types in this section.
Table 8-12. STATUS Access Type Codes
Access Type
Code
Description
Read Type
R
R
Read
R-0
R
Read
-0
Returns 0s
Reset or Default Value
-n
Value after reset or the default
value
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8.6.1.1 IC_Status_Register Register (Offset = 0h) [Reset = 00h]
IC_Status_Register is shown in IC_Status_Register Register and described in IC_Status_Register Register Field
Descriptions.
Return to the STATUS Registers.
Figure 8-49. IC_Status_Register Register
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
MTR_LOCK
R-0h
BK_FLT
R-0h
SPI_FLT
R-0h
OCP
R-0h
NPOR
R-0h
OVP
R-0h
OT
FAULT
R-0h
R-0h
Table 8-13. IC_Status_Register Register Field Descriptions
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7
MTR_LOCK
BK_FLT
SPI_FLT
OCP
R
0h
Motor Lock Staus Bit
0h = No motor lock is detected
1h = Motor lock is detected
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
0h
0h
0h
0h
0h
0h
0h
Buck Fault Bit
0h = No buck regulator fault condition is detected
1h = Buck regulator fault condition is detected
SPI Fault Bit
0h = No SPI fault condition is detected
1h = SPI Fault condition is detected
Over Current Protection Status Bit
0h = No overcurrent condition is detected
1h = Overcurrent condition is detected
NPOR
OVP
Supply Power On Reset Bit
0h = Power on reset condition is detected on VM
1h = No power-on-reset condition is detected on VM
Supply Overvoltage Protection Status Bit
0h = No overvoltage condition is detected on VM
1h = Overvoltage condition is detected on VM
OT
Overtemperature Fault Status Bit
0h = No overtemperature warning / shutdown is detected
1h = Overtemperature warning / shutdown is detected
FAULT
Device Fault Bit
0h = No fault condition is detected
1h = Fault condition is detected
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8.6.1.2 Status_Register_1 Register (Offset = 1h) [Reset = 00h]
Status_Register_1 is shown in Status_Register_1 Register and described in Status_Register_1 Register Field
Descriptions.
Return to the STATUS Registers.
Figure 8-50. Status_Register_1 Register
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
OTW
R-0h
OTS
R-0h
OCP_HC
R-0h
OCL_LC
R-0h
OCP_HB
R-0h
OCP_LB
R-0h
OCP_HA
R-0h
OCP_LA
R-0h
Table 8-14. Status_Register_1 Register Field Descriptions
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7
OTW
R
0h
Overtemperature Warning Status Bit
0h = No overtemperature warning is detected
1h = Overtemperature warning is detected
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
OTS
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
0h
0h
0h
0h
0h
0h
0h
Overtemperature Shutdown Status Bit
0h = No overtemperature shutdown is detected
1h = Overtemperature shutdown is detected
OCP_HC
OCL_LC
OCP_HB
OCP_LB
OCP_HA
OCP_LA
Overcurrent Status on High-side switch of OUTC
0h = No overcurrent detected on high-side switch of OUTC
1h = Overcurrent detected on high-side switch of OUTC
Overcurrent Status on Low-side switch of OUTC
0h = No overcurrent detected on low-side switch of OUTC
1h = Overcurrent detected on low-side switch of OUTC
Overcurrent Status on High-side switch of OUTB
0h = No overcurrent detected on high-side switch of OUTB
1h = Overcurrent detected on high-side switch of OUTB
Overcurrent Status on Low-side switch of OUTB
0h = No overcurrent detected on low-side switch of OUTB
1h = Overcurrent detected on low-side switch of OUTB
Overcurrent Status on High-side switch of OUTA
0h = No overcurrent detected on high-side switch of OUTA
1h = Overcurrent detected on high-side switch of OUTA
Overcurrent Status on Low-side switch of OUTA
0h = No overcurrent detected on low-side switch of OUTA
1h = Overcurrent detected on low-side switch of OUTA
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8.6.1.3 Status_Register_2 Register (Offset = 2h) [Reset = 00h]
Status_Register_2 is shown in Status_Register_2 Register and described in Status_Register_2 Register Field
Descriptions.
Return to the STATUS Registers.
Figure 8-51. Status_Register_2 Register
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RESERVED
OTP_ERR
BUCK_OCP
BUCK_UV
VCP_UV
SPI_PARITY SPI_SCLK_FLT SPI_ADDR_FL
T
R-0-0h
R-0h
R-0h
R-0h
R-0h
R-0-0h
R-0h
R-0h
Table 8-15. Status_Register_2 Register Field Descriptions
Bit
7
Field
RESERVED
Type
R-0
R
Reset
Description
0h
Reserved
6
OTP_ERR
0h
One Time Programmabilty Error
0h = No OTP error is detected
1h = OTP Error is detected
5
4
3
2
1
0
BUCK_OCP
BUCK_UV
R
0h
0h
0h
0h
0h
0h
Buck Regulator Overcurrent Staus Bit
0h = No buck regulator overcurrent is detected
1h = Buck regulator overcurrent is detected
R
Buck Regulator Undervoltage Staus Bit
0h = No buck regulator undervoltage is detected
1h = Buck regulator undervoltage is detected
VCP_UV
R
Charge Pump Undervoltage Status Bit
0h = No charge pump undervoltage is detected
1h = Charge pump undervoltage is detected
SPI_PARITY
SPI_SCLK_FLT
SPI_ADDR_FLT
R-0
R
SPI Parity Error Bit
0h = No SPI parity error is detected
1h = SPI parity error is detected
SPI Clock Framing Error Bit
0h = No SPI clock framing error is detected
1h = SPI clock framing error is detected
R
SPI Address Error Bit
0h = No SPI address fault is detected (due to accessing non-user
register)
1h = SPI address fault is detected
8.6.2 CONTROL Registers
CONTROL Registers lists the memory-mapped registers for the CONTROL registers. All register offset
addresses not listed in CONTROL Registers should be considered as reserved locations and the register
contents should not be modified.
Table 8-16. CONTROL Registers
Offset Acronym
Register Name
Section
3h
4h
5h
6h
7h
8h
9h
Control_Register_1
Control Register 1
Control Register 2A
Control Register 3
Control Register 4
Control Register 5
Control Register 6
Control Register 7
Section 8.6.2.1
Section 8.6.2.2
Section 8.6.2.3
Section 8.6.2.4
Section 8.6.2.5
Section 8.6.2.6
Section 8.6.2.7
Control_Register_2A
Control_Register_3
Control_Register_4
Control_Register_5
Control_Register_6
Control_Register_7
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Table 8-16. CONTROL Registers (continued)
Offset Acronym
Register Name
Section
Ah
Bh
Ch
Control_Register_8
Control_Register_9
Control_Register_10
Control Register 8
Control Register 9
Control Register 10
Section 8.6.2.8
Section 8.6.2.9
Section 8.6.2.10
Complex bit access types are encoded to fit into small table cells. CONTROL Access Type Codes shows the
codes that are used for access types in this section.
Table 8-17. CONTROL Access Type Codes
Access Type
Code
Description
Read Type
R
R
Read
R-0
R
Read
-0
Returns 0s
Write Type
W
W
Write
W1C
W
Write
1C
1 to clear
WAPU
W
Write
APU
Atomic write with password
unlock
Reset or Default Value
-n
Value after reset or the default
value
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8.6.2.1 Control_Register_1 Register (Offset = 3h) [Reset = 00h]
Control_Register_1 is shown in Control_Register_1 Register and described in Control_Register_1 Register Field
Descriptions.
Return to the CONTROL Registers.
Figure 8-52. Control_Register_1 Register
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RESERVED
R-0-0h
REG_LOCK
R/WAPU-0h
Table 8-18. Control_Register_1 Register Field Descriptions
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-3
2-0
RESERVED
REG_LOCK
R-0
0h
Reserved
R/WAPU
0h
Register Lock Bits
0h = No effect unless locked or unlocked
1h = No effect unless locked or unlocked
2h = No effect unless locked or unlocked
3h = Write 011b to this register to unlock all registers
4h = No effect unless locked or unlocked
5h = No effect unless locked or unlocked
6h = Write 110b to lock the settings by ignoring further register writes
except to these bits and address 0x03h bits 2-0.
7h = No effect unless locked or unlocked
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8.6.2.2 Control_Register_2A Register (Offset = 4h) [Reset = 80h]
Control_Register_2A is shown in Control_Register_2A Register and described in Control_Register_2A Register
Field Descriptions.
Return to the CONTROL Registers.
Figure 8-53. Control_Register_2A Register
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RESERVED
R/W-2h
SDO_MODE
R/W-0h
SLEW
PWM_MODE
R/W-0h
CLR_FLT
W1C-0h
R/W-0h
Table 8-19. Control_Register_2A Register Field Descriptions
Bit
Field
Type
R/W
R/W
Reset
Description
7-6
5
RESERVED
SDO_MODE
2h
Reserved
0h
SDO Mode Setting
0h = SDO IO in Open Drain Mode
1h = SDO IO in Push Pull Mode
4-3
2-1
0
SLEW
R/W
R/W
W1C
0h
0h
0h
Slew Rate Settings
0h = Slew rate is 25 V/µs
1h = Slew rate is 50 V/µs
2h = Slew rate is 125 V/µs
3h = Slew rate is 200 V/µs
PWM_MODE
CLR_FLT
Device Mode Selection
0h = Asynchronous rectification with analog Hall
1h = Asynchronous rectification with digital Hall
2h = Synchronous rectification with analog Hall
3h = Synchronous rectification with digital Hall
Clear Fault
0h = No clear fault command is issued
1h = To clear the latched fault bits. This bit automatically resets after
being written.
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8.6.2.3 Control_Register_3 Register (Offset = 5h) [Reset = 46h]
Control_Register_3 is shown in Control_Register_3 Register and described in Control_Register_3 Register Field
Descriptions.
Return to the CONTROL Registers.
Figure 8-54. Control_Register_3 Register
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RESERVED
RESERVED
RESERVED
PWM_100_DU
TY_SEL
OVP_SEL
OVP_EN
RESERVED
OTW_REP
R-0-0h
R/W-1h
R/W-0h
R/W-0h
R/W-0h
R/W-1h
R/W-1h
R/W-0h
Table 8-20. Control_Register_3 Register Field Descriptions
Bit
7
Field
Type
Reset
Description
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
RESERVED
R-0
0h
6
RESERVED
R/W
R/W
R/W
1h
5
RESERVED
0h
4
PWM_100_DUTY_SEL
0h
Freqency of PWM at 100% Duty Cycle
0h = 20KHz
1h = 40KHz
3
2
OVP_SEL
OVP_EN
R/W
R/W
0h
1h
Overvoltage Level Setting
0h = VM overvoltage level is 34-V
1h = VM overvoltage level is 22-V
Overvoltage Enable Bit
0h = Overvoltage protection is disabled
1h = Overvoltage protection is enabled
1
0
RESERVED
OTW_REP
R/W
R/W
1h
0h
Reserved
Overtemperature Warning Reporting Bit
0h = Over temperature reporting on nFAULT is disabled
1h = Over temperature reporting on nFAULT is enabled
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8.6.2.4 Control_Register_4 Register (Offset = 6h) [Reset = 10h]
Control_Register_4 is shown in Control_Register_4 Register and described in Control_Register_4 Register Field
Descriptions.
Return to the CONTROL Registers.
Figure 8-55. Control_Register_4 Register
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DRV_OFF
R/W-0h
OCP_CBC
R/W-0h
OCP_DEG
R/W-1h
OCP_RETRY
R/W-0h
OCP_LVL
R/W-0h
OCP_MODE
R/W-0h
Table 8-21. Control_Register_4 Register Field Descriptions
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7
DRV_OFF
R/W
0h
Driver OFF Bit
0h = No Action
1h = Enter Low Power Standby Mode
6
OCP_CBC
OCP_DEG
R/W
R/W
0h
1h
OCP PWM Cycle Operation Bit
0h = OCP clearing in PWM input cycle change is disabled
1h = OCP clearing in PWM input cycle change is enabled
5-4
OCP Deglitch Time Settings
0h = OCP deglitch time is 0.2 µs
1h = OCP deglitch time is 0.6 µs
2h = OCP deglitch time is 1.25 µs
3h = OCP deglitch time is 1.6 µs
3
2
OCP_RETRY
OCP_LVL
R/W
R/W
R/W
0h
0h
0h
OCP Retry Time Settings
0h = OCP retry time is 5 ms
1h = OCP retry time is 500 ms
Overcurrent Level Setting
0h = OCP level is 16 A
1h = OCP level is 24 A
1-0
OCP_MODE
OCP Fault Options
0h = Overcurrent causes a latched fault
1h = Overcurrent causes an automatic retrying fault
2h = Overcurrent is report only but no action is taken
3h = Overcurrent is not reported and no action is taken
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8.6.2.5 Control_Register_5 Register (Offset = 7h) [Reset = 00h]
Control_Register_5 is shown in Control_Register_5 Register and described in Control_Register_5 Register Field
Descriptions.
Return to the CONTROL Registers.
Figure 8-56. Control_Register_5 Register
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RESERVED
R/W-0h
ILIM_RECIR
R/W-0h
RESERVED
R/W-0h
RESERVED
R/W-0h
EN_AAR
R/W-0h
EN_ASR
R/W-0h
CSA_GAIN
R/W-0h
Table 8-22. Control_Register_5 Register Field Descriptions
Bit
7
Field
Type
R/W
R/W
Reset
Description
RESERVED
ILIM_RECIR
0h
Reserved
6
0h
Current Limit Recirculation Settings
0h = Current recirculation through FETs (Brake Mode)
1h = Current recirculation through diodes (Coast Mode)
5
4
3
RESERVED
RESERVED
EN_AAR
R/W
R/W
R/W
0h
0h
0h
Reserved
Reserved
Active Asynshronous Rectification Enable Bit
0h = AAR mode is disabled
1h = AAR mode is enabled
2
EN_ASR
R/W
R/W
0h
0h
Active Synchronous Rectification Enable Bit
0h = ASR mode is disabled
1h = ASR mode is enabled
1-0
CSA_GAIN
Current Sense Amplifier's Gain Settings
0h = CSA gain is 0.15 V/A
1h = CSA gain is 0.3 V/A
2h = CSA gain is 0.6 V/A
3h = CSA gain is 1.2 V/A
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8.6.2.6 Control_Register_6 Register (Offset = 8h) [Reset = 00h]
Control_Register_6 is shown in Control_Register_6 Register and described in Control_Register_6 Register Field
Descriptions.
Return to the CONTROL Registers.
Figure 8-57. Control_Register_6 Register
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RESERVED
R-0-0h
RESERVED
R/W-0h
BUCK_PS_DIS
R/W-0h
BUCK_CL
R/W-0h
BUCK_SEL
R/W-0h
BUCK_DIS
R/W-0h
Table 8-23. Control_Register_6 Register Field Descriptions
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
Reserved
Reserved
7-6
5
RESERVED
RESERVED
BUCK_PS_DIS
R-0
0h
R/W
R/W
0h
4
0h
Buck Power Sequencing Disable Bit
0h = Buck power sequencing is enabled
1h = Buck power sequencing is disabled
3
BUCK_CL
R/W
R/W
0h
0h
Buck Current Limit Setting
0h = Buck regulator current limit is set to 600 mA
1h = Buck regulator current limit is set to 150 mA
2-1
BUCK_SEL
Buck Voltage Selection
0h = Buck voltage is 3.3 V
1h = Buck voltage is 5.0 V
2h = Buck voltage is 4.0 V
3h = Buck voltage is 5.7 V
0
BUCK_DIS
R/W
0h
Buck Disable Bit
0h = Buck regulator is enabled
1h = Buck regulator is disabled
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8.6.2.7 Control_Register_7 Register (Offset = 9h) [Reset = 00h]
Control_Register_7 is shown in Control_Register_7 Register and described in Control_Register_7 Register Field
Descriptions.
Return to the CONTROL Registers.
Figure 8-58. Control_Register_7 Register
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RESERVED
R-0-0h
HALL_HYS
R/W-0h
BRAKE_MODE
R/W-0h
COAST
R/W-0h
BRAKE
R/W-0h
DIR
R/W-0h
Table 8-24. Control_Register_7 Register Field Descriptions
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-5
4
RESERVED
HALL_HYS
R-0
0h
Reserved
R/W
0h
Hall Comparator Hysteresis Settings
0h = 5 mV
1h = 50 mV
3
2
1
0
BRAKE_MODE
COAST
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
0h
0h
0h
0h
Brake Mode Setting
0h = Device operation is braking in brake mode
1h = Device operation is coasting in brake mode
Coast Bit
0h = Device coast mode is disabled
1h = Device coast mode is enabled
BRAKE
Brake Bit
0h = Device brake mode is disabled
1h = Device brake mode is enabled
DIR
Direction Bit
0h = Motor direction is set to clockwise direction
1h = Motor direction is set to anti-clockwise direction
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8.6.2.8 Control_Register_8 Register (Offset = Ah) [Reset = 00h]
Control_Register_8 is shown in Control_Register_8 Register and described in Control_Register_8 Register Field
Descriptions.
Return to the CONTROL Registers.
Figure 8-59. Control_Register_8 Register
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FGOUT_SEL
R/W-0h
RESERVED
MTR_LOCK_R
ETRY
MTR_LOCK_TDET
R/W-0h
MTR_LOCK_MODE
R-0-0h
R/W-0h
R/W-0h
Table 8-25. Control_Register_8 Register Field Descriptions
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-6
FGOUT_SEL
R/W
0h
Electrical Frequency Generation Output Mode Bits
0h = FGOUT frequency is 3x commutation frequency
1h = FGOUT frequency is 1x of commutation frequency
2h = FGOUT frequency is 0.5x of commutation frequency
3h = FGOUT frequency is 0.25x of commutation frequency
5
4
RESERVED
R-0
0h
0h
Reserved
MTR_LOCK_RETRY
R/W
Motor Lock Retry Time Settings
0h = 500 ms
1h = 5000 ms
3-2
1-0
MTR_LOCK_TDET
MTR_LOCK_MODE
R/W
R/W
0h
0h
Motor Lock Detection Time Settings
0h = 300 ms
1h = 500 ms
2h = 1000 ms
3h = 5000 ms
Motor Lock Fault Options
0h = Motor lock causes a latched fault
1h = Motor lock causes an automatic retrying fault
2h = Motor lock is report only but no action is taken
3h = Motor lock is not reported and no action is taken
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8.6.2.9 Control_Register_9 Register (Offset = Bh) [Reset = 00h]
Control_Register_9 is shown in Control_Register_9 Register and described in Control_Register_9 Register Field
Descriptions.
Return to the CONTROL Registers.
Figure 8-60. Control_Register_9 Register
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RESERVED
R-0-0h
ADVANCE_LVL
R/W-0h
Table 8-26. Control_Register_9 Register Field Descriptions
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-3
2-0
RESERVED
R-0
0h
Reserved
ADVANCE_LVL
R/W
0h
Phase Advance Setting
0h = 0°
1h = 4°
2h = 7°
3h = 11°
4h = 15°
5h = 20°
6h = 25°
7h = 30°
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8.6.2.10 Control_Register_10 Register (Offset = Ch) [Reset = 00h]
Control_Register_10 is shown in Control_Register_10 Register and described in Control_Register_10 Register
Field Descriptions.
Return to the CONTROL Registers.
Figure 8-61. Control_Register_10 Register
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RESERVED
R-0-0h
DLYCMP_EN
R/W-0h
DLY_TARGET
R/W-0h
Table 8-27. Control_Register_10 Register Field Descriptions
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-5
4
RESERVED
DLYCMP_EN
R-0
0h
Reserved
R/W
0h
Driver Delay Compensation enable
0h = Disable
1h = Enable
3-0
DLY_TARGET
R/W
0h
Delay Target for Driver Delay Compensation
0h = 0 us
1h = 0.4 us
2h = 0.6 us
3h = 0.8 us
4h = 1 us
5h = 1.2 us
6h = 1.4 us
7h = 1.6 us
8h = 1.8 us
9h = 2 us
Ah = 2.2 us
Bh = 2.4 us
Ch = 2.6 us
Dh = 2.8 us
Eh = 3 us
Fh = 3.2 us
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9 Application and Implementation
Note
Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component specification,
and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are responsible for
determining suitability of components for their purposes, as well as validating and testing their design
implementation to confirm system functionality.
9.1 Application Information
The MCT8316Z can be used to drive Brushless-DC motors. The following design procedure can be used to
configure the MCT8316Z.
VVM
+
10 nF
CPL
1 µF
VM
0.1 µF
10 µF
0.1 µF
CPH
CP
VCC
RCL1
ILIM
AVDD
Microcontroller
RCL2
CAVDD
AGND
Replace Inductor (LBK) with Resistor
(RBK) for larger external load or to
RPU1
reduce power dissipaꢀon
LBK
External
Load
GP-I
FGOUT
nFAULT
SW_BK
RPU2
RBK
CBK
GP-I
MCT8316ZT
GND_BK
nSLEEP
DRVOFF
GP-O
Driver
Control
FB_BK
GP-O
PWM
DIR
GP-O
GP-O
PWM
Control
Module
PWM
Control
Input
OUTA
OUTB
Hall
Sensors
BRAKE
GP-O
AVDD
Hall A
Hall B
Hall C
ADVANCE
SLEW
Hardware
interface
MODE
OUTC
PGND
VSEL_BK
HPA
HPC HNC
HNA HPB HNB
(Optional)
Figure 9-1. Primary Application Schematics for MCT8316ZT (hardware variant)
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VVM
+
47 nF
CPL
1 µF
VM
0.1 µF
10 µF
0.1 µF
CPH
CP
VCC
RCL1
ILIM
AVDD
Microcontroller
RCL2
CAVDD
AGND
Replace Inductor (LBK) with Resistor
(RBK) for larger external load or to
RPU1
reduce power dissipaꢀon
LBK
External
GP-I
FGOUT
nFAULT
Load
SW_BK
RPU2
RBK
CBK
GP-I
MCT8316ZR
GND_BK
FB_BK
nSLEEP
DRVOFF
GP-O
Driver
Control
GP-O
PWM
DIR
GP-O
GP-O
PWM
Control
Module
PWM
Control
Input
OUTA
Hall
BRAKE
GP-O
Sensors
Hall A
Hall B
Hall C
OUTB
SDO
GP-I
GP-O
GP-O
GP-O
nSCS
SCLK
SPI
SPI
OUTC
PGND
SDI
HPA
HPC HNC
HNA HPB HNB
(Optional)
Figure 9-2. Primary Application Schematics for MCT8316ZR (SPIvariant)
9.2 Hall Sensor Configuration and Connection
The combinations of Hall sensor connections in this section are common connections.
9.2.1 Typical Configuration
The Hall sensor inputs on the MCT8316Z device can interface with a variety of Hall sensors. Typically, a Hall
element is used, which outputs a differential signal. To use this type of sensor, the AVDD regulator can be used
to power the Hall sensor. Figure 9-3 shows the connections.
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AVDD
HPx
INP
OUTN
OUTP
Hall
Comparator
Hall Sensor
+
-
INN
(Optional)
HNx
Figure 9-3. Typical Hall Sensor Configuration
Because the amplitude of the Hall-sensor output signal is very low, capacitors are often placed across the Hall
inputs to help reject noise coupled from the motor. Capacitors with a value of 1 nF to 100 nF are typically used.
9.2.2 Open Drain Configuration
Some motors use digital Hall sensors with open-drain outputs. These sensors can also be used with the
MCT8316Z device, with the addition of a few resistors as shown in Figure 9-4.
AVDD
1 to
4.7 kΩ
1 to
4.7 kΩ
VCC
HPx
HNx
Hall
Comparator
Hall Sensor
GND
OUT
+
-
To Other
HNx Inputs
Figure 9-4. Open-Drain Hall Sensor Configuration
The negative (HNx) inputs are biased to AVDD / 2 by a pair of resistors between the AVDD pin and ground. For
open-collector Hall sensors, an additional pullup resistor to the VREG pin is required on the positive (HPx) input.
Again, the AVDD output can usually be used to supply power to the Hall sensors.
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9.2.3 Series Configuration
Hall elements are also connected in series or parallel depending upon the Hall sensor current/voltage
requirement. Figure 9-5 shows the series connection of Hall sensors powered via the MCT8316Z internal LDO
(AVDD). This configuration is used if the current requirement per Hall sensor is high (>10 mA)
RSE
AVDD
INP
HPA
HNA
HPB
HNB
HPC
HNC
Hall
Comparator
Hall Sensor
INN
OUTP
OUTP
OUTP
OUTN
OUTN
OUTN
+
-
INP
Hall
Comparator
Hall Sensor
INN
+
-
INP
Hall
Comparator
Hall Sensor
+
-
INN
GND
Figure 9-5. Hall Sensor Connected in Series Configuration
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9.2.4 Parallel Configuration
Figure 9-6 shows the parallel connection of Hall sensors which is powered by the AVDD. This configuration can
be used if the current requirement per Hall sensor is low (<10 mA).
AVDD
RPL
INP
HPA
HNA
HPB
HNB
HPC
HNC
Hall
Comparator
Hall Sensor
OUTP
OUTP
OUTP
OUTN
OUTN
OUTN
+
-
INN
GND
INP
Hall
Comparator
Hall Sensor
+
-
INN
GND
INP
Hall
Comparator
Hall Sensor
+
-
INN
GND
Figure 9-6. Hall Sensors Connected in Parallel Configuration
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9.3 Typical Applications
9.3.1 Three-Phase Brushless-DC Motor Control With Current Limit
In this application, the MCT8316Z is used to drive a brushless-DC motor with current limit up to 100% duty cycle.
The following design procedure can be used to configure the MCT8316Zin current limit mode.
9.3.1.1 Detailed Design Procedure
Table 9-1 lists the example input parameters for the system design.
Table 9-1. Design Parameters
DESIGN PARAMETERS
Supply voltage
REFERENCE
VVM
EXAMPLE VALUE
24 V
Motor peak current
PWM Frequency
IPEAK
2 A
fPWM
50 kHz
Slew Rate Setting
SR
200 V/µs
3.3 V
Buck regulator output voltage
VBK
9.3.1.1.1 Motor Voltage
Brushless-DC motors are typically rated for a certain voltage (for example 12 V or 24 V). Operating a motor at a
higher voltage corresponds to a lower drive current to obtain the same motor power. Operating at lower voltages
generally allows for more accurate control of phase currents. The MCT8316Z functions down to a supply of 4.5V.
A higher operating voltage also corresponds to a higher obtainable rpm. The MCT8316Z allows for a range of
possible operating voltages because of a maximum VM rating of 40 V.
9.3.1.1.2 Using Active Demagnetization
Active demagnetization reduces power losses in the device by turning on the MOSFETs automatically when the
body diode starts conducting to reduce diode conduction losses. It is used in trapezoidal commutation when
switching commutation states (turning a high-side MOSFET off and another high-side MOSFET on while keeping
a low-side MOSFET on). Active demagnetization is enabled when EN_ASR and EN_AAR bits are set in the SPI
variant or MODE pin is set to Mode 5, Mode 6, or Mode 7 in the H/W variant.
When switching commutation states with active demagnetization disabled, dead time is inserted and the low-side
MOSFET’s body diode conducts while turning another high-side MOSFET on to continue sourcing current
through the motor. This conduction period causes higher power losses due to the forward-bias voltage of
the diode and slower dissipation of current. Figure 9-7 shows the body diode conducting when switching
commutation states.
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Figure 9-7. Active demagnetization disabled in MCT8316Z
When active demagnetization is enabled, the AD_HS and AD_LS comparators detect when the sense FET
voltage is higher or lower than the programmed threshold. After the dead time period, if the threshold is
exceeded for a fixed amount of time, the body diode is conducting and the logic core turns the low-side FET
on to provide a conduction path with smaller power losses. Once the VDS voltage is below the comparator
threshold, the MOSFET turns off and current briefly conducts through the body diode until the current completely
decays to zero. This is shown in Figure 9-8.
Figure 9-8. Active demagnetization enabled in MCT8316Z
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9.3.1.1.3 Using Delay Compensation
Differences in delays of dead time and propagation delay can cause mismatch in the output timings of PWMs,
which can lead to duty cycle distortion. In order to accommodate differences in propagation delay between
various input conditions, the MCT8316ZRintegrates a Delay Compensation feature.
Delay Compensation is used to match delay times for currents going into and out of phase by adding a variable
delay time (tvar) to match a preset target delay time. This delay time is configurable in SPI devices, and it is
recommended in the datasheets to choose a target delay time that is equal to the propagation delay time plus
the driver dead time (tpd + tdead).
For an example of Delay Compensation implementation, please visit the Delay and Dead Time in Integrated
MOSFET Drivers application note.
9.3.1.1.4 Using the Buck Regulator
In the MCT8316Z, the buck regulator components must be populated whether the buck is used or unused.
If unused, Resistor Mode should be configured by placing a small value resistor of 22-ohm for RBK and a 6.3-V
rated, 22-uF capacitor for CBK to minimize board space and reduce component cost. To disable the buck
regulator, set the BUCK_DIS in the SPI variant. The buck cannot be disabled in the Hardware variant.
If the buck regulator is used, either the Inductor or Resistor Mode can be selected. Inductor Mode allows a
22-uH or 47-uH inductor be used for LBK. CBK is recommended to be 22-uF. Ensure an appropriate inductor is
chosen to allow for maximum peak saturation current at a 20% inductance drop since the buck can supply up to
600-mA external current.
Resistor Mode allows for power to be dissipated in an external resistor if the load requirement is less than
40-mA. Ensure the resistor is rated for the power dissipation required at worst case VM voltage dropout. See
Equation 5, Equation 6, and Equation 7 to calculate the resistor power rating required for a 24-V rated system,
3.3V buck output voltage, and 20-mA load current.
P
P
P
> V − V
× I
BK BK
(5)
(6)
(7)
R
M
BK
BK
>
24V − 3.3V × 20mA
R
> 0.434W
R_BK
9.3.1.1.5 Power Dissipation and Junction Temperature Losses
To calculate the junction temperature of the MCT8316Z from power losses, use Equation 8. Note that the
thermal resistance θJA depends on PCB configurations such as the ambient temperature, numbers of PCB
layers, copper thickness on top and bottom layers, and the PCB area.
℃
W
T ℃ = P
W × θ
+ T ℃
A
(8)
J
loss
JA
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9.3.1.2 Application Curves
Figure 9-9. Device Powerup with VM
Figure 9-11. Driver PWM Operation
Figure 9-13. Power Management
Figure 9-10. Device Powerup with nSLEEP
Figure 9-12. Driver PWM Operation with FGOUT
Figure 9-14. Driver PWM with Active
Demagnetization (ASR and AAR)
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Figure 9-15. Driver PWM Operation with Current
Figure 9-16. Driver 100% Operation with Current
Chopping
Limit
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10 Power Supply Recommendations
10.1 Bulk Capacitance
Having an appropriate local bulk capacitance is an important factor in motor drive system design. It is generally
beneficial to have more bulk capacitance, while the disadvantages are increased cost and physical size.
The amount of local capacitance needed depends on a variety of factors, including:
•
•
•
•
•
•
The highest current required by the motor system
The capacitance and current capability of the power supply
The amount of parasitic inductance between the power supply and motor system
The acceptable voltage ripple
The type of motor used (brushed dc, brushless DC, stepper)
The motor braking method
The inductance between the power supply and the motor drive system limits the rate current can change from
the power supply. If the local bulk capacitance is too small, the system responds to excessive current demands
or dumps from the motor with a change in voltage. When adequate bulk capacitance is used, the motor voltage
remains stable and high current can be quickly supplied.
The data sheet generally provides a recommended value, but system-level testing is required to determine the
appropriate sized bulk capacitor.
Parasitic Wire
Inductance
Motor Drive System
Power Supply
VM
+
+
Motor Driver
œ
GND
Local
Bulk Capacitor
IC Bypass
Capacitor
Figure 10-1. Example Setup of Motor Drive System With External Power Supply
The voltage rating for bulk capacitors should be higher than the operating voltage, to provide margin for cases
when the motor transfers energy to the supply.
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11 Layout
11.1 Layout Guidelines
The bulk capacitor should be placed to minimize the distance of the high-current path through the motor driver
device. The connecting metal trace widths should be as wide as possible, and numerous vias should be used
when connecting PCB layers. These practices minimize inductance and allow the bulk capacitor to deliver high
current.
Small-value capacitors such as the charge pump, AVDD, and VREF capacitors should be ceramic and placed
closely to device pins.
The high-current device outputs should use wide metal traces.
To reduce noise coupling and EMI interference from large transient currents into small-current signal paths,
grounding should be partitioned between PGND and AGND. TI recommends connecting all non-power stage
circuitry (including the thermal pad) to AGND to reduce parasitic effects and improve power dissipation from the
device. Optionally, GND_BK can be split. Ensure grounds are connected through net-ties or wide resistors to
reduce voltage offsets and maintain gate driver performance.
The device thermal pad should be soldered to the PCB top-layer ground plane. Multiple vias should be used to
connect to a large bottom-layer ground plane. The use of large metal planes and multiple vias helps dissipate
the I2 × RDS(on) heat that is generated in the device.
To improve thermal performance, maximize the ground area that is connected to the thermal pad ground across
all possible layers of the PCB. Using thick copper pours can lower the junction-to-air thermal resistance and
improve thermal dissipation from the die surface.
Separate the SW_BUCK and FB_BUCK traces with ground separation to reduce buck switching from coupling
as noise into the buck outer feedback loop. Widen the FB_BUCK trace as much as possible to allow for faster
load switching.
Recommended Layout Example for VQFN Package shows a layout example for the MCT8316Z.
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11.2 Layout Example
Recommended Layout Example for VQFN Package
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11.3 Thermal Considerations
The MCT8316Z has thermal shutdown (TSD) as previously described. A die temperature in excess of 150°C
(minimally) disables the device until the temperature drops to a safe level.
Any tendency of the device to enter thermal shutdown is an indication of excessive power dissipation, insufficient
heatsinking, or too high an ambient temperature.
11.3.1 Power Dissipation
The power dissipated in the output FET resistance, or RDS(on) dominates power dissipation in the MCT8316Z.
At start-up and fault conditions, this current is much higher than normal running current; remember to take these
peak currents and their duration into consideration.
The total device dissipation is the power dissipated in each of the three half-H-bridges added together.
The maximum amount of power that the device can dissipate depends on ambient temperature and heatsinking.
Note that RDS(on) increases with temperature, so as the device heats, the power dissipation increases. Take this
into consideration when sizing the heatsink.
A summary of equations for calculating each loss is shown below for trapezoidal control.
Table 11-1. MCT8316Z Power Losses for Trapezoidal Control
Loss type
Trapezoidal
Standby power
LDO (from VM)
FET conduction
FET switching
Diode
Pstandby = VM x IVM_TA
PLDO = (VM-VAVDD) x IAVDD
PCON = 2 x IRMS(trap) x Rds,on(TA)
PSW = IPK(trap) x VPK(trap) x trise/fall x fPWM
Pdiode = IRMS(trap) x Vdiode
X tdiode x fPWM
Buck
PBK = 0.97 x VBK x IBK
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12 Device and Documentation Support
12.1 Support Resources
TI E2E™ support forums are an engineer's go-to source for fast, verified answers and design help — straight
from the experts. Search existing answers or ask your own question to get the quick design help you need.
Linked content is provided "AS IS" by the respective contributors. They do not constitute TI specifications and do
not necessarily reflect TI's views; see TI's Terms of Use.
12.2 Trademarks
TI E2E™ is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
12.3 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled
with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage.
ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may
be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published
specifications.
12.4 Glossary
TI Glossary
This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions.
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PACKAGE OUTLINE
VQFN - 1 mm max height
PLASTIC QUAD FLAT PACK- NO LEAD
A
RGF0040E
5.1
4.9
B
PIN 1 INDEX AREA
7.1
6.9
1 MAX
C
SEATING PLANE
3.7 0.1
0.08
C
0.05
0.00
3.5
SYMM
(0.1) TYP
20
13
36X 0.5
21
12
SYMM
41
5.5
5.7 0.1
1
32
0.3
40X
0.2
0.1
0.05
PIN 1 ID
(OPTIONAL)
33
40
C
A B
0.5
0.3
40X
C
4224999/A 06/2019
NOTES:
1. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. Any dimensions in parenthesis are for reference only. Dimensioning and tolerancing
per ASME Y14.5M.
2. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
3. The package thermal pad must be soldered to the printed circuit board for optimal thermal and mechanical performance.
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EXAMPLE BOARD LAYOUT
VQFN - 1 mm max height
RGF0040E
PLASTIC QUAD FLAT PACK- NO LEAD
(3.7)
(3.5)
36X (0.5)
40X (0.6)
SYMM
33
40
40X (0.25)
1
32
(Ø0.2) VIA
TYP
SYMM
41
(5.7) (5.5)
(1.35)
(1.25)
21
12
20
13
(R0.05) TYP
(0.625)
(0.975)
LAND PATTERN EXAMPLE
EXPOSED METAL SHOWN
SCALE: 12X
0.07 MIN
ALL AROUND
METAL
0.07 MAX
ALL AROUND
SOLDER MASK
OPENING
EXPOSED METAL
SOLDER MASK
OPENING
EXPOSED METAL
METAL UNDER
SOLDER MASK
NON- SOLDER MASK
DEFINED
(PREFERRED)
SOLDER MASK
DEFINED
SOLDER MASK DETAILS
4224999/A 06/2019
NOTES: (continued)
4. This package is designed to be soldered to a thermal pad on the board. For more information, see Texas Instruments literature
number SLUA271 (www.ti.com/lit/slua271).
5. Vias are optional depending on application, refer to device data sheet. If any vias are implemented, refer to their locations shown
on this view. It is recommended that vias under paste be filled, plugged or tented.
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EXAMPLE STENCIL DESIGN
VQFN - 1 mm max height
RGF0040E
PLASTIC QUAD FLAT PACK- NO LEAD
(3.5)
36X (0.5)
SYMM
33
40
40X (0.6)
40X (0.25)
41
32
1
(Ø0.2) VIA
TYP
SYMM
(5.5)
(0.675)
(1.35)
21
12X (1.15)
12
20
13
12X (1.05)
(R0.05) TYP
(1.25)
SOLDER PASTE EXAMPLE
BASED ON 0.125 mm THICK STENCIL
EXPOSED PAD
69% PRINTED COVERAGE BY AREA
SCALE: 12X
4224999/A 06/2019
NOTES: (continued)
6. Laser cutting apertures with trapezoidal walls and rounded corners may offer better paste release. IPC-7525 may have alternate
design recommendations.
www.ti.com
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
3-Dec-2021
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status Package Type Package Pins Package
Eco Plan
Lead finish/
Ball material
MSL Peak Temp
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
Samples
Drawing
Qty
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4/5)
(6)
MCT8316Z0RRGFR
MCT8316Z0TRGFR
PMCT8316Z0TRGFR
ACTIVE
VQFN
VQFN
VQFN
RGF
40
40
40
3000 RoHS & Green
3000 RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
Call TI
-40 to 125
-40 to 125
-40 to 125
MCT
8316ZR
ACTIVE
ACTIVE
RGF
NIPDAU
Call TI
MCT
8316ZT
RGF
3000
TBD
(1) The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2) RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance
do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may
reference these types of products as "Pb-Free".
RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption.
Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of <=1000ppm threshold. Antimony trioxide based
flame retardants must also meet the <=1000ppm threshold requirement.
(3) MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.
(4) There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device.
(5) Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation
of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device.
(6)
Lead finish/Ball material - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead finish/Ball material values may wrap to two
lines if the finish value exceeds the maximum column width.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and
continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.
Addendum-Page 1
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
3-Dec-2021
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.
Addendum-Page 2
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
30-Dec-2021
TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Package Pins
Type Drawing
SPQ
Reel
Reel
A0
B0
K0
P1
W
Pin1
Diameter Width (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) Quadrant
(mm) W1 (mm)
MCT8316Z0RRGFR
MCT8316Z0TRGFR
VQFN
VQFN
RGF
RGF
40
40
3000
3000
330.0
330.0
16.4
16.4
5.25
5.25
7.25
7.25
1.45
1.45
8.0
8.0
16.0
16.0
Q1
Q1
Pack Materials-Page 1
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
30-Dec-2021
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Type Package Drawing Pins
SPQ
Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm)
MCT8316Z0RRGFR
MCT8316Z0TRGFR
VQFN
VQFN
RGF
RGF
40
40
3000
3000
367.0
367.0
367.0
367.0
35.0
35.0
Pack Materials-Page 2
PACKAGE OUTLINE
VQFN - 1 mm max height
PLASTIC QUAD FLAT PACK- NO LEAD
A
RGF0040E
5.1
4.9
B
PIN 1 INDEX AREA
7.1
6.9
1 MAX
C
SEATING PLANE
0.08 C
3.8
3.6
3.5
0.05
0.00
(0.1) TYP
20
13
36X 0.5
21
12
SYMM
41
5.8
5.6
5.5
1
32
0.3
40X
PIN 1 ID
(OPTIONAL)
0.2
33
40
SYMM
0.1
C A B
C
0.5
0.3
40X
0.05
4224999/B 06/2021
NOTES:
1. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. Any dimensions in parenthesis are for reference only. Dimensioning and tolerancing
per ASME Y14.5M.
2. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
3. The package thermal pad must be soldered to the printed circuit board for optimal thermal and mechanical performance.
www.ti.com
EXAMPLE BOARD LAYOUT
VQFN - 1 mm max height
RGF0040E
PLASTIC QUAD FLAT PACK- NO LEAD
(4.8)
(3.7)
(3.5)
40
33
40X (0.6)
40X (0.25)
1
32
(Ø0.2) TYP
VIA
SYMM
41
(5.7) (5.5)
(6.8)
(1.35)
(1.25)
21
12
13
20
(R0.05) TYP
36x (0.5)
(0.625)
(0.975)
SYMM
LAND PATTERN EXAMPLE
EXPOSED METAL SHOWN
SCALE: 12X
0.07 MIN
ALL AROUND
0.07 MAX
ALL AROUND
SOLDER MASK
OPENING
METAL
EXPOSED METAL
SOLDER MASK
OPENING
EXPOSED METAL
METAL UNDER
SOLDER MASK
NON- SOLDER MASK
DEFINED
SOLDER MASK
DEFINED
(PREFERRED)
SOLDER MASK DETAILS
4224999/B 06/2021
NOTES: (continued)
4. This package is designed to be soldered to a thermal pad on the board. For more information, see Texas Instruments literature
number SLUA271 (www.ti.com/lit/slua271).
5. Vias are optional depending on application, refer to device data sheet. If any vias are implemented, refer to their locations shown
on this view. It is recommended that vias under paste be filled, plugged or tented.
www.ti.com
EXAMPLE STENCIL DESIGN
VQFN - 1 mm max height
RGF0040E
PLASTIC QUAD FLAT PACK- NO LEAD
(4.8)
(3.5)
36X (0.5)
40
33
40X (0.6)
40X (0.25)
41
1
32
12X
(1.15)
SYMM
(5.5)
(6.8)
(0.675)
(1.35)
12
21
(R0.05) TYP
13
20
(1.25)
12X (1.05)
SYMM
SOLDER PASTE EXAMPLE
BASED ON 0.125 mm THICK STENCIL
EXPOSED PAD
69% PRINTED COVERAGE BY AREA
SCALE: 12X
4224999/B 06/2021
NOTES: (continued)
6. Laser cutting apertures with trapezoidal walls and rounded corners may offer better paste release. IPC-7525 may have alternate
design recommendations.
www.ti.com
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