CSD95372AQ5MT [TI]
IC SWITCHING REGULATOR, Switching Regulator or Controller;型号: | CSD95372AQ5MT |
厂家: | TEXAS INSTRUMENTS |
描述: | IC SWITCHING REGULATOR, Switching Regulator or Controller 开关 光电二极管 |
文件: | 总26页 (文件大小:1156K) |
中文: | 中文翻译 | 下载: | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
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CSD95372AQ5M
SLPS416B –JUNE 2014–REVISED JUNE 2014
CSD95372AQ5M Synchronous Buck NexFET™ Power Stage
1 Features
2 Applications
1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
60 A Continuous Operating Current Capability
92.4% System Efficiency at 30 A
Ultra-Low Power Loss of 3.3 W at 30 A
High Frequency Operation (up to 2 MHz)
High Density - SON 5x6-mm Footprint
Ultra-Low Inductance Package
System Optimized PCB Footprint
3.3 V and 5 V PWM Signal Compatible
Diode Emulation Mode with FCCM
Analog Temperature Output
•
Multiphase Synchronous Buck Converter
–
–
High Frequency Applications
High Current, Low Duty Cycle Applications
•
•
•
Point-of-Load DC-DC Converters
Memory and Graphic Cards
Desktop and Server VR11.x and VR12.x for
V-Core Synchronous Buck Converters
3 Description
The CSD95372AQ5M NexFET™ Power Stage is a
highly optimized design for use in a high power, high
density Synchronous Buck converters. This product
integrates the driver IC and NexFET technology to
complete the power stage switching function. The
driver IC has a built-in selectable diode emulation
function that enables DCM operation to improve light
load efficiency. This combination produces high
current, high efficiency, and high speed switching
capability in a small 5x6mm outline package. It also
integrates the temperature sensing functionality to
simplify system design and improve accuracy. In
addition, the PCB footprint has been optimized to
help reduce design time and simplify the completion
of the overall system design
Input Voltages up to 16 V
Tri-State PWM Input
Integrated Bootstrap Switch
Optimized Dead Time for Shoot Through
Protection
•
•
RoHS Compliant – Lead-Free Terminal Plating
Halogen Free
Device Information(1)
Device
CSD95372AQ5M 13-Inch Reel 2500
CSD95372AQ5MT 7-Inch Reel 250
Media
Qty
Package
Ship
Tape
and
Reel
SON 5-mm ×
6-mm Package
(1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at
the end of the data sheet.
SPACER
Application Diagram
Typical Power Stage Efficiency and Power Loss
VIN
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
16
14
12
10
8
CSD95372A
VOUT
VCC
VDD = 5V
VIN = 12V
VOUT = 1.2V
LOUT = .22µH
fSW = 500kHz
TA = 25ºC
VCC
PWM1
+Is1
6
4
-Is2
VOUT
VOUT
SS
+NTC
-NTC
+Is2
2
RT
0
-Is2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
PWM2
Output Current (A)
G001
PGND
Multi-Phase
Controller
CSD95372A
1
An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications,
intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.
CSD95372AQ5M
SLPS416B –JUNE 2014–REVISED JUNE 2014
www.ti.com
Table of Contents
8.2 Power Loss Curves ................................................ 14
8.3 Safe Operating Curves (SOA) ................................ 14
8.4 Normalized Curves.................................................. 14
8.5 Calculating Power Loss and SOA .......................... 15
Layout ................................................................... 16
9.1 Layout Guidelines ................................................... 16
9.2 Layout Example ...................................................... 17
1
2
3
4
5
6
Features.................................................................. 1
Applications ........................................................... 1
Description ............................................................. 1
Revision History..................................................... 2
Pin Configuration and Functions......................... 3
Specifications......................................................... 4
6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ...................................... 4
6.2 Handling Ratings....................................................... 4
6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions....................... 4
6.4 Thermal Information.................................................. 4
6.5 Electrical Characteristics........................................... 5
6.6 Typical Power Stage Characteristics ........................ 7
Detailed Description .............................................. 9
7.1 Functional Block Diagram ......................................... 9
7.2 Functional Description............................................... 9
Application and Implementation ........................ 14
8.1 Application Information............................................ 14
9
10 Application Schematic........................................ 18
11 Device and Documentation Support ................. 19
11.1 Trademarks........................................................... 19
11.2 Electrostatic Discharge Caution............................ 19
11.3 Glossary................................................................ 19
12 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable
7
8
Information ........................................................... 20
12.1 Mechanical Drawing.............................................. 20
12.2 Recommended PCB Land Pattern........................ 21
12.3 Recommended Stencil Opening ........................... 21
4 Revision History
NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version.
Changes from Revision A (September 2013) to Revision B
Page
•
•
•
Added small reel option ......................................................................................................................................................... 1
Fixed TAO/FAULT Pin Function to state that TAO will be pulled up to 3.3 V in the event of thermal shutdown ................. 3
Increased the max LS FET Turn-off Current to 1.125A ........................................................................................................ 6
Changes from Original (June 2013) to Revision A
Page
•
Changed CSD97372AQ5M to CSD95372AQ5M throughout the Functional Description section.......................................... 9
2
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SLPS416B –JUNE 2014–REVISED JUNE 2014
5 Pin Configuration and Functions
NC
NC
1
2
3
4
5
12 PWM
11 TAO
10 FCCM
ENABLE
NC
9
8
BOOT
13
VDD
BOOT_R
PGND
VSW
6
7
VIN
Pin Functions
PIN
NAME
DESCRIPTION
NO.
1, 2, 4 No connect, must leave floating
NC
Enables device operation. If ENABLE = logic HIGH, turns on device. If ENABLE = logic LOW, the device is turned off
and both MOSFET gates are actively pulled low. An internal 100 kΩ pull down resistor will pull the ENABLE pin LOW
if left floating.
ENABLE
3
VDD
VSW
5
6
7
8
Supply Voltage to Gate Driver and internal circuitry
Phase node connecting the HS MOSFET Source and LS MOSFET Drain - pin connection to the output inductor
Input Voltage Pin. Connect input capacitors close to this pin.
VIN
BOOT_R
Return path for HS gate driver, connected to VSW internally
Bootstrap capacitor connection. Connect a minimum of 0.1 µF 16 V X7R, ceramic capacitor from BOOT to BOOT_R
pins. The bootstrap capacitor provides the charge to turn on the Control FET. The bootstrap diode is integrated.
BOOT
9
This pin enables the Diode Emulation function. When this pin is held LOW, Diode Emulation Mode is enabled for Sync
FET. When FCCM is HIGH, the device operated in Forced Continuous Conduction Mode. An internal 5µA current
source will pull the FCCM pin to VDD if left floating.
FCCM
10
Temperature amplifier output. Reports a voltage proportional to the die temperature. An ORing diode is integrated in
the IC. When used in multiphase application, a single wire can be used to connect the TAO pins of all the IC's. Only
the highest temperature will be reported. TAO will be pulled up to 3.3 V if Thermal Shutdown occurs. TAO should be
bypassed to PGND with a 1nF 16V X7R ceramic capacitor.
TAO/
FAULT
11
Pulse-width modulated Tri-state input from external controller. Logic LOW sets Control FET gate low and Sync FET
gate high. Logic HIGH sets Control FET gate high and Sync FET gate low. Open or High Z sets both MOSFET gates
PWM
PGND
12
13
low if greater than the Tri-State Shutdown Hold-off Time (t3HT
)
Power ground
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SLPS416B –JUNE 2014–REVISED JUNE 2014
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6 Specifications
6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings(1)
TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
MIN
–0.3
–0.3
–7
MAX
UNIT
V
VIN to PGND
25
VSW to PGND
25
27
V
VSW to PGND (<10 ns)
VDD to PGND
V
–0.3
–0.3
–0.3
7
V
(2)
ENABLE, PWM, FCCM, TAO to PGND
BOOT to BOOT_R(2)
VDD + 0.3
VDD + 0.3
12
V
V
PD, Power Dissipation
W
°C
TJ, Operating Temperature Range
–55
150
(1) Stresses above those listed in "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only
and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "Recommended Operating
Conditions" is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
(2) Should not exceed 7V.
6.2 Handling Ratings
MIN
–55
MAX
150
UNIT
Tstg
Storage Temperature Range
Human Body Model (HBM)
Charged Device Model (CDM)
°C
–2000
–500
2000
500
ESD Rating
V
6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
TA = 25° (unless otherwise noted)
MIN
MAX
5.5
16
UNIT
V
VDD
VIN
Gate Drive Voltage
Input Supply Voltage
Output Voltage
4.5
V
VOUT
IOUT
5.5
60
V
Continuous Output Current
VIN = 12 V, VDD = 5 V, VOUT = 1.8 V,
ƒSW = 500 kHz, LOUT = 0.22 µH(1)
A
IOUT-PK Peak Output Current(2)
90
A
ƒSW
Switching Frequency
On Time Duty Cycle
CBST = 0.1 µF (min)
ƒSW = 1 MHz
200
85
kHz
%
Minimum PWM On Time
Operating Temperature
20
ns
°C
–40
125
(1) Measurement made with six 10-µF (TDK C3216X5R1C106KT or equivalent) ceramic capacitors placed across VIN to PGND pins.
(2) System conditions as defined in Note 1. Peak Output Current is applied for tp = 50 µs.
6.4 Thermal Information
TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
THERMAL METRIC
Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Case (Top of package)(1)
Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Board(2)
MIN
TYP
MAX UNIT
RθJC
RθJB
15
°C/W
2
(1)
(2)
R
θJC is determined with the device mounted on a 1-inch² (6.45 -cm²), 2-oz (.071-mm thick) Cu pad on a 1.5-inches × 1.5-inches, 0.06-
inch (1.52-mm) thick FR4 board.
RθJB value based on hottest board temperature within 1mm of the package.
4
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SLPS416B –JUNE 2014–REVISED JUNE 2014
6.5 Electrical Characteristics
TA = 25°C, VDD = POR to 5.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
PLOSS
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX UNIT
VIN = 12 V, VDD = 5 V, VOUT = 1.2 V, IOUT = 30 A,
ƒSW = 500 kHz, LOUT = 0.22 µH , TJ = 25 °C
Power Loss(1)
Power Loss(2)
3.3
3.9
W
W
VIN = 12 V, VDD = 5 V, VOUT = 1.2 V, IOUT = 30 A,
ƒSW = 500 kHz, LOUT = 0.22 µH , TJ = 125 °C
VIN
IQ
VIN Quiescent Current
ENABLE = 0, VDD = 5 V
ENABLE = 0, PWM = 0
10
µA
VDD
IDD
Standby Supply Current
Operating Supply Current
250
µA
ENABLE = 5 V, PWM = 50% Duty cycle,
ƒSW = 500 kHz
IDD
23
mA
POWER-ON RESET AND UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT
VDD Rising Power-On Reset
VDD Falling UVLO
3.9
V
V
3.4
Hysteresis
Startup Delay(3)
100
250
mV
µs
ENABLE = 5 V
6
ENABLE
VIH
Logic Level High
2.0
V
V
VIL
Logic Level Low
0.8
0.8
Schmitt Trigger Input
See Figure 11
Weak Pulldown Impedance
Rising Propagation Delay
Falling Propagation Delay
100
3
kΩ
µs
ns
tPDH
tPDL
FCCM
VIH
30
Logic Level High
Logic Level Low
2.0
V
V
Schmitt Trigger Input
See Figure 13 and Figure 14
VIL
Weak Pullup Current
5
µA
THERMAL SHUTDOWN(4)
Start Threshold
150
165
25
°C
°C
Temperature Hysteresis
(1) Measurement made with six 10 -µF (TDK C3216X5R1C106KT or equivalent) ceramic capacitors placed across VIN to PGND pins.
(2) Specified by design
(3) POR to VSW Rising
(4) Specified by design
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Electrical Characteristics (continued)
TA = 25°C, VDD = POR to 5.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
PWM
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX UNIT
IPWMH
IPWML
VPWMH
VPWML
PWM = 5 V
PWM = 0
500
-500
2.5
µA
µA
PWM Logic Level High
PWM Logic Level Low
2.3
0.7
2.7
1.1
V
V
V
0.9
PWM Tri-State Open Voltage
1.5
tPDLH and
tPDHL
PWM to VSW Propagation Delay(5)
50
30
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
CPWM = 10 pF
Tri-State Shutdown Hold-off Time
t3HT
t3SD
t3RD
tDEM
(5)
Tri-State Shutdown Propagation
Delay(5)
80
160
80
Tri-State Recovery Propagation
Delay(5)
50
Diode Emulation Minimum On
Time(5)
150
BOOTSTRAP SWITCH
VFBOOT Forward Voltage
IRBOOT
Reverse Leakage(6)
Measured from VDD to VBOOT, IF = 10 mA
VBOOT – VDD = 20 V
200
360
1
mV
µA
0.15
ZERO CROSSING COMPARATOR
Diode Emulation Mode Enabled
VOUT = 1.8 V, L = 150 nH
LS FET Turn-off Current
0
1.125
0.64
A
THERMAL ANALOG OUTPUT TAO
Output Voltage at 25°C
0.56
0.60
8
V
Output Voltage Temperature
Coefficient
mV/°C
(5) Specified by design
(6) Measurement made with six 10 -µF (TDK C3216X5R1C106KT or equivalent) ceramic capacitors placed across VIN to PGND pins.
6
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6.6 Typical Power Stage Characteristics
TJ = 125°C, unless stated otherwise. The typical CSD95372A system characteristic curves are based on measurements
made on a PCB design with dimensions of 4-inches (W) x 3.5-inches (L) x 0.062-inch (T) and 6 copper layers of 1 oz. copper
thickness. See the Application Information section for a detailed explanation.
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
1.1
1
VIN = 12V
VDD = 5V
VOUT = 1.2V
fSW = 500kHz
LOUT = 0.22µH
VIN = 12V
VDD = 5V
VOUT = 1.2V
fSW = 500kHz
LOUT = 0.22µH
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
6
4
Typ
Max
2
0
4
12
20
28
36
44
52
60
−50
−25
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
Output Current (A)
Junction Temperature (ºC)
G001
G001
Figure 1. Power Loss vs Output Current
Figure 2. Power Loss vs Temperature
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
400LFM
200LFM
100LFM
Min
Typ
Nat Conv
VIN = 12V
VDD = 5V
VOUT = 1.2V
fSW = 500kHz
LOUT = 0.22µH
VIN = 12V
VDD = 5V
VOUT = 1.2V
fSW = 500kHz
LOUT = 0.22µH
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Ambient Temperature (ºC)
Board Temperature (ºC)
G001
G001
(1)
Figure 3. Safe Operating Area – PCB Horizontal Mount (1)
Figure 4. Typical Safe Operating Area
1.5
19.1
15.3
11.5
7.6
1.12
1.1
4.6
3.9
3.1
2.3
1.5
0.8
0.0
VIN = 12V
VDD = 5V
VOUT = 1.2V
LOUT = 0.22µH
IOUT = 60A
VDD = 5V
VOUT = 1.2V
LOUT = 0.22µH
fSW = 500kHz
IOUT = 60A
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.1
1
1.08
1.06
1.04
1.02
1
3.8
0.0
0.9
200
−3.8
2200
0.98
−0.8
600
1000
1400
1800
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
Input Voltage (V)
Switching Frequency (kHz)
G001
G001
Figure 5. Normalized Power Loss vs Frequency
Figure 6. Normalized Power Loss vs Input Voltage
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Typical Power Stage Characteristics (continued)
TJ = 125°C, unless stated otherwise. The typical CSD95372A system characteristic curves are based on measurements
made on a PCB design with dimensions of 4-inches (W) x 3.5-inches (L) x 0.062-inch (T) and 6 copper layers of 1 oz. copper
thickness. See the Application Information section for a detailed explanation.
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
38.4
30.7
23
1.08
1.07
1.06
1.05
1.04
1.03
1.02
1.01
1
3.1
2.7
2.3
1.9
1.5
1.2
0.8
0.4
0
VIN = 12V
VDD = 5V
fSW = 500kHz
LOUT = 0.22µH
IOUT = 60A
VIN = 12V
VDD = 5V
VOUT = 1.2V
fSW = 500kHz
IOUT = 60A
15.3
7.7
0
0.8
−7.7
0.99
−0.4
240
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
Output Voltage (V)
Output Inductance (nH)
G001
G001
Figure 7. Normalized Power Loss vs Output Voltage
Figure 8. Normalized Power Loss vs Output Inductance
100
VIN = 12V
VDD = 5V
90
VOUT = 1.2V
LOUT = 0.22µH
IOUT = 60A
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
200
600
1000
1400
1800
2200
Switching Frequency (kHz)
G000
Figure 9. Driver Current vs Frequency
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SLPS416B –JUNE 2014–REVISED JUNE 2014
7 Detailed Description
7.1 Functional Block Diagram
ENABLE (3) FCCM (10)
VDD (5)
NC (1)
NC (2)
BOOT (9)
BOOT_R (8)
VIN (7)
−
+
POR
HG
PWMH
PWML
PWMT
NC (4)
Gate Driver Logic
+
−
SW
−
+
+
VSW (6)
Tri-State Logic
PWM (12)
−
+
−
3V LDO
ZX
LG
Fault Detection
GND
PGND (13)
−
+
+
Temperature Sense
Thermal Shutdown
TAO (11)
−
7.2 Functional Description
7.2.1 Powering the CSD95372AQ5M and Gate Drivers
An external VDD voltage is required to supply the integrated gate driver IC and provide the necessary gate drive
power for the MOSFETs. The gate driver IC is capable of supplying in excess of 4 A peak current into the
MOSFET gates to achieve fast switching. A 1 µF 10 V X5R or higher ceramic capacitor is recommended to
bypass VDD pin to PGND. A bootstrap circuit to provide gate drive power for the Control FET is also included. The
bootstrap supply to drive the Control FET is generated by connecting a 100 nF 16 V X5R ceramic capacitor
between BOOT and BOOT_R pins. An optional RBOOT resistor can be used to slow down the turn on speed of
the Control FET and reduce voltage spikes on the VSW node. A typical 1 to 4.7 Ω value is a compromise between
switching loss and VSW spike amplitude.
7.2.2 Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO) Protection
The VDD supply is monitored for UVLO conditions and both Control FET and Sync FET gates are held low until
adequate supply is available. An internal comparator evaluates the VDD voltage level and if VDD is greater than
the Power On Reset threshold (VPOR), the gate driver becomes active. If VDD is less than the UVLO threshold,
the gate driver is disabled and the internal MOSFET gates are actively driven low. At the rising edge of the VDD
voltage, both Control FET and Sync FET gates will be actively held low during VDD transitions between 1.0V to
VPOR. This region is referred to as the Gate Drive Latch Zone, seen in Figure 10. In addition, at the falling edge
of the VDD voltage, both Control FET and Sync FET gates are actively held low during the UVLO to 1 V
transition.
The Power Stage CSD95372AQ5M device must be powered up and Enabled before the PWM signal is applied.
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Functional Description (continued)
VDD
VPOR
UVLO
1.0V
Gate Drive
Latch Zone
1.0V
T0487-01
Figure 10. UVLO Operation
7.2.3 ENABLE
The ENABLE pin is TTL compatible. The logic level thresholds are sustained under all VDD operating conditions
between VPOR to VDD. In addition, if this pin is left floating, a weak internal pull down resistor of 100 kΩ will pull
the ENABLE pin below the logic level low threshold. The operational functions of this pin should follow the timing
diagram outlined in Figure 11. A logic level low will actively hold both Control FET and Sync FET gates low and
VDD pin should typically draw less than 5 µA.
90%
tPDL
ENABLE
tPDH
10%
90%
VSW
10%
T0488-01
Figure 11. CSD95372AQ5M ENABLE Timing Diagram (VDD = PWM = 5 V)
7.2.4 Power Up Sequencing
If the ENABLE signal is used, it is necessary to ensure proper co-ordination with the ENABLE and soft-start
features of the external PWM controller in the system. If the CSD95372AQ5M was disabled through ENABLE
without sequencing with the PWM IC controller, the buck converter output will have no voltage or fall below
regulation set point voltage. As a result, the PWM controller IC delivers Max duty cycle on the PWM line. If the
Power Stage is re-enabled by driving the ENABLE pin high, there will be an extremely large input inrush current
when the output voltage builds back up again. The input inrush current might have undesirable consequences
such as inductor saturation, driving the input power supply into current limit or even catastrophic failure of the
CSD95372AQ5M device. Disabling the PWM controller is recommended when the CSD95372AQ5M is disabled.
The PWM controller should always be re-enabled by going through soft-start routine to control and minimize the
input inrush current and reduce current and voltage stress on all buck converter components. It is recommended
that the external PWM controller be disabled when CSD95372AQ5M is disabled or nonoperational because of
UVLO.
When ENABLE signal is toggled, there is an internal 3 µs hold-off time before the driver will respond to PWM
events to ensure the analog sensing circuitry is properly powered and stable. This hold-off time should be
considered when designing the power-up sequencing of the controller IC and the Power Stage.
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Functional Description (continued)
7.2.5 PWM
The input PWM pin incorporates a Tri-State function. The Control FET and Sync FET gates are forced low if the
PWM pin is left floating for more than the Tri-State Hold off time (t3HT). The Tri-state mode can be entered by
actively driving the PWM input to the V3T voltage or the PWM input can be made high impedance and internal
current sources will driver PWM to V3T. The PWM input can source up to IPWMH and sink down to IPWML current to
drive PWM to the V3T coltage, but will consume no current when sitting at the V3T voltage. Operation in and out
of Tri-State mode should follow the timing diagram outlined in Figure 12. Both VPWML and VPWMH threshold levels
are set to accommodate both 3.3 V and 5 V logic controllers. During normal operation, the PWM signal should be
driven to logic levels Low and High with a maximum of 500 Ω sink/source impedance respectively.
PWM 3-State Window
VPWMH
PWM
VPWML
t3RD
t3HT + t3SD
VOUT
VOUT
VSW
tPDLH
tPDHL
t3HT + t3SD
t3RD
T0489-01
Figure 12. PWM Timing Diagram
7.2.6 FCCM
The input FCCM pin enables the Power Stage device to operate in either continuous current conduction mode or
diode emulation mode. When FCCM is driven above its high threshold, the Power Stage will operate in
continuous conduction mode regardless of the polarity of the output inductor current. When FCCM is driven
below its low threshold, the Power Stage's internal zero-cross detection circuit is enabled. When the zero-cross
detection circuit is active, diode emulation mode will be enterered on the third consecutive PWM pulse in which a
zero-crossing event is detected. If FCCM is driven high after diode emulation mode has been enabled,
continuous conduction mode will begin after the next PWM event. See Figure 13 and Figure 14 for FCCM timing
7.2.7 TAO/FAULT (Thermal Analog Output/Protection Flag)
During normal operation the output TAO pin is a highly accurate analog temperature measurement of the lead-
frame temperature of the Power Stage. Because the source junction of the Sync FET sits directly on the lead-
frame of the Power Stage, this output can be used as an accurate measurement of the junction temperature of
the Sync FET. The TAO pin should be bypassed to PGND using a 1 nF X7R ceramic capacitor to ensure accurate
temperature measurement.
This Power Stage device has built-in over-temperature protection (described below) which is flagged by pulling
TAO to 3 V. The TAO pin also includes a built in ORing function. When connecting TAO pins of more than one
device together, the TAO bus automatically reads the highest TAO voltage among all devices. This greatly
simplifies the temperature sense and fault reporting design for multi-phase applications, where a single line
TAO/FAULT bus can be used to tie the TAO pins of all phases together and the system can monitor the
temperature of the hottest component.
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Functional Description (continued)
7.2.8 Over Temperature
An overtemperature fault occurs when the dies temperature reaches Thermal Shutdown Temperature (see the
Electrical Characteristics). An over-temperature event is the only fault condition to which the Power Stage will
automatically react. When the over-temperature event is detected, the Power Stage will automatically turn off
both HS and LS MOSFETs and pull TAO to 3.3 V. If the temperature falls below the over-temperature threshold
hysteresis band, the driver will again respond to PWM commands and the TAO pin will return to normal
operation. A weak pull down is used to pull TAO back from a fault event so there is a significant delay before the
TAO output will report the correct temperature.
7.2.9 Gate Drivers
This Power Stage has an internal high-performance gate driver IC that is trimmed to achieve minimum dead-time
for lowest possible switching loss and switch-node ringing reduction. To eliminate the possibility of shoot-through
at light load conditions, the dead-time is adjusted to a longer period when the inductor current is negative prior to
a PWM HIGH input.
PWM
Vin
VSW
Vout
FCCM (OFF#)
LO GATE
During Diode Emulation Mode (DEM) the Lo Gate signal is latched off by the
zero-cross comparator and reset by rising edge of PWM. If FCCM is pulled high
after Lo Gate has been latched off, normal CCM operation does not begin until
after the next PWM pulse.
Figure 13. FCCM Rising Timing Diagram
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Functional Description (continued)
PWM
Vin
VSW
Vout
FCCM (OFF#)
LO GATE
IL
Diode Emulation
Enabled
Zero-Cross<2>
Zero-Cross<1>
Zero-cross detection is enabled by FCCM low. Diode-Emulation Mode is entered on the third
consecutive PWM pulse in which a zero-crossing event is detected. If at any time no zero-cross
event is detected when FCCM is low, the zero-cross counter is reset and diode-emulation mode is
not enabled. If FCCM remains low, diode-emulation mode will be re-enabled on the third
consecutive PWM pulse in which a zero-cross event is detected.
Figure 14. FCCM Falling Timing Diagram
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8 Application and Implementation
8.1 Application Information
The Power Stage CSD95372AQ5M is a highly optimized design for synchronous buck applications using
NexFET devices with a 5 V gate drive. The Control FET and Sync FET silicon are parametrically tuned to yield
the lowest power loss and highest system efficiency. As a result, a rating method is used that is tailored towards
a more systems centric environment. The high-performance gate driver IC integrated in the package helps
minimize the parasitics and results in extremely fast switching of the power MOSFETs. System level
performance curves such as Power Loss, Safe Operating, Area and normalized graphs allow engineers to
predict the product performance in the actual application.
8.2 Power Loss Curves
MOSFET centric parameters such as RDS(ON) and Qgd are primarily needed by engineers to estimate the loss
generated by the devices. In an effort to simplify the design process for engineers, Texas Instruments has
provided measured power loss performance curves. Figure 1 plots the power loss of the CSD95372AQ5M as a
function of load current. This curve is measured by configuring and running the CSD95372AQ5M as it would be
in the final application (see Application Schematic). The measured power loss is the CSD95372AQ5M device
power loss which consists of both input conversion loss and gate drive loss. Equation 1 is used to generate the
power loss curve.
Power Loss = (VIN x IIN) + (VDD x IDD) – (VSW_AVG x IOUT
)
(1)
The power loss curve in Figure 1 is measured at the maximum recommended junction temperature of
TJ = 125°C under isothermal test conditions.
8.3 Safe Operating Curves (SOA)
The SOA curves in the CSD95372AQ5M datasheet give engineers guidance on the temperature boundaries
within an operating system by incorporating the thermal resistance and system power loss. Figure 3 and Figure 4
outline the temperature and airflow conditions required for a given load current. The area under the curve
dictates the safe operating area. All the curves are based on measurements made on a PCB design with
dimensions of 4.0" (W) x 3.5" (L) x 0.062" (T) and 6 copper layers of 1 oz. copper thickness.
8.4 Normalized Curves
The normalized curves in the CSD95372AQ5M data sheet give engineers guidance on the Power Loss and SOA
adjustments based on their application specific needs. These curves show how the power loss and SOA
boundaries will adjust for a given set of systems conditions. The primary Y-axis is the normalized change in
power loss and the secondary Y-axis is the change is system temperature required in order to comply with the
SOA curve. The change in power loss is a multiplier for the Power Loss curve and the change in temperature is
subtracted from the SOA curve.
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8.5 Calculating Power Loss and SOA
The user can estimate product loss and SOA boundaries by arithmetic means (see Design Example). Though
the Power Loss and SOA curves in this datasheet are taken for a specific set of test conditions, the following
procedure will outline the steps engineers should take to predict product performance for any set of system
conditions.
8.5.1 Design Example
Operating Conditions: Output Current (lOUT) = 40 A, Input Voltage (VIN ) = 7 V, Output Voltage (VOUT) = 1.5 V,
Switching Frequency (ƒSW) = 800 kHz, Output Inductor (LOUT) = 0.2 µH
8.5.2 Calculating Power Loss
•
•
•
•
•
•
Typical Power Loss at 40 A = 6.5 W (Figure 1)
Normalized Power Loss for switching frequency ≈ 1.08 (Figure 5)
Normalized Power Loss for input voltage ≈ 1.06 (Figure 6)
Normalized Power Loss for output voltage ≈ 1.06 (Figure 7)
Normalized Power Loss for output inductor ≈ 1.01 (Figure 8)
Final calculated Power Loss = 6.5 W × 1.08 × 1.06 × 1.06 × 1.01 ≈ 8.0 W
8.5.3 Calculating SOA Adjustments
•
•
•
•
•
SOA adjustment for switching frequency ≈ 3.2°C (Figure 5)
SOA adjustment for input voltage ≈ 2.4°C (Figure 6)
SOA adjustment for output voltage ≈ -0.8°C (Figure 7)
SOA adjustment for output inductor ≈ 0.5°C (Figure 8)
Final calculated SOA adjustment = 3.2 + 2.4 + 2.4 + 0.5 ≈ 8.5°C
Figure 15. Power Stage CSD95372AQ5M SOA
In the design example above, the estimated power loss of the CSD95372AQ5M would increase to 8.0W. In
addition, the maximum allowable board and/or ambient temperature would have to decrease by 8.5°C. Figure 15
graphically shows how the SOA curve would be adjusted accordingly.
1. Start by drawing a horizontal line from the application current to the SOA curve.
2. Draw a vertical line from the SOA curve intercept down to the board/ambient temperature.
3. Adjust the SOA board/ambient temperature by subtracting the temperature adjustment value.
In the design example, the SOA temperature adjustment yields a reduction in allowable board/ambient
temperature of 8.5°C. In the event the adjustment value is a negative number, subtracting the negative number
would yield an increase in allowable board/ambient temperature.
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9 Layout
9.1 Layout Guidelines
9.1.1 Recommended Schematic Overview
There are several critical components that must be used in conjunction with this Power Stage device. Figure 16
shows a portion of a schematic with the critical components needed for proper operation.
•
•
•
•
•
•
C1: Bootstrap Capacitor
R1: Bootstrap Resistor
C4: Bypass Capacitor for TAO
C3: Bypass Capacitor for VDD
C5: Bypass Capacitor for VIN to Help with Ringing Reduction
C6: Bypass Capacitor for VIN
5V
R1
0
C1
0.1µF
C3
1µF
12V
TP4 TP3 TP2 TP1
5
3
U1
VDD
EN
PGND
C5
3300pF
C6
10µF
C7
10µF
C8
10µF
C9
10µF
C10
10µF
C11
10µF
EN
FCCM
PWM
10
12
11
7
6
FCCM
PWM
TAO/FAULT
VIN
PGND
TAO
1
2
VOUT
VSW
1
L1
2
C4
1000pF
C16
DNP
C12
100µF
C13
100µF
C14
100µF
C15
100µF
1
2
4
NC
NC
NC
R2
DNP
PGND
PGND
PGND
Figure 16. Recommended Schematic
9.1.2 Recommended PCB Design Overview
There are two key system-level parameters that can be addressed with a proper PCB design: electrical and
thermal performance. Properly optimizing the PCB layout will yield maximum performance in both areas. Below
is a brief description on how to address each parameter.
9.1.2.1 Electrical Performance
The CSD95372AQ5M has the ability to switch at voltage rates greater than 10 kV/µs. Special care must be then
taken with the PCB layout design and placement of the input capacitors, inductor and output capacitors.
•
The placement of the input capacitors relative to VIN and PGND pins of CSD95372AQ5M device should have
the highest priority during the component placement routine. It is critical to minimize these node lengths. As
such, ceramic input capacitors need to be placed as close as possible to the VIN and PGND pins (see
Figure 17). The example in Figure 17 uses 1 x 3.3 nF 0402 50 V and 6 x 10 µF 1206 25 V ceramic capacitors
(TDK part number C3216X7R1C106KT or equivalent). Notice there are ceramic capacitors on both sides of
the board with an appropriate amount of vias interconnecting both layers. In terms of priority of placement
next to the Power Stage C5, C8 and C6, C19 should follow in order.
•
•
The bootstrap cap CBOOT 0.1 µF 0603 16 V ceramic capacitor should be closely connected between BOOT
and BOOT_R pins
The switching node of the output inductor should be placed relatively close to the Power Stage
CSD95372AQ5M VSW pins. Minimizing the VSW node length between these two components will reduce the
(1)
PCB conduction losses and actually reduce the switching noise level.
(1) Keong W. Kam, David Pommerenke, “EMI Analysis Methods for Synchronous Buck Converter EMI Root Cause Analysis”, University of
Missouri – Rolla
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Layout Guidelines (continued)
9.1.2.2 Thermal Performance
The CSD95372AQ5M has the ability to use the GND planes as the primary thermal path. As such, the use of
thermal vias is an effective way to pull away heat from the device and into the system board. Concerns of solder
voids and manufacturability problems can be addressed by the use of three basic tactics to minimize the amount
of solder attach that will wick down the via barrel:
•
•
Intentionally space out the vias from each other to avoid a cluster of holes in a given area.
Use the smallest drill size allowed in your design. The example in Figure 17 uses vias with a 10 mil drill hole
and a 26 mil capture pad.
•
Tent the opposite side of the via with solder-mask.
In the end, the number and drill size of the thermal vias should align with the end user’s PCB design rules and
manufacturing capabilities.
9.1.3 Sensing Performance
The integrated temperature sensing technology built in the driver of the CSD95372AQ5M produces an analog
signal that is proportional to the temperature of the lead-fram of the device, which is almost identical to the
junction temperature of the Sync FET. To calculate the junction temperature based on the TAO voltage, use
Equation 2. TAO should be bypassed to PGND with a 1 nF X7R ceramic capacitor for optimal performance. The
TAO pin has limited sinking current capability in order to enable several power stages that are wire OR-ed
together to report only the highest temperature (or fault condition if present). In order to ensure accurate
temperature reporting, the TAO nets should be routed on a quiet inner layer between ground planes where
possible. In addition, the TAO bypass capacitor should have a PGND pour on the layer directly beneath to ensure
proper decoupling. The TAO net should always be shielded from VSW and VIN whenever possible.
TJ[C°] = (TAO[mV] - 400[mV]) / 8[mV/°C]
(2)
9.2 Layout Example
Figure 17. Recommended PCB Layout (Top Down View)
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10 Application Schematic
5V
12V
12V
12V
12V
TPS53640
VSP
VDD
ENABLE
PGND
VIN
LOAD
PWM1
PGND
VSN
SKIP#-RAMP
CSD95372A
PWM
FCCM
TAO/FAULT
VSW
OCP-I
CSP1
CSN1
COMP
VREF
F-IMAX
5V
5V
PWM2
VDD
ENABLE
PGND
VIN
B-TMAX
O-USR
PGND
CSD95372A
PWM
FCCM
TAO/FAULT
VSW
CSP2
CSN2
ADDR
SLEW-MODE
TSEN
PWM3
5V
5V
VDD
ENABLE
PGND
VIN
PGND
CSP3
CSN3
CSD95372A
PWM
FCCM
TAO/FAULT
VSW
ISUM
IMON
PWM4
SCLK
ALERT#
SDIO
To/From
CPU
5V
5V
{
VR_RDY
VR_HOT#
PMB_CLK
PMB_ALERT#
PMB_DIO
ENABLE
CSP4
CSN4
VDD
ENABLE
PGND
VIN
12V
PGND
I2C or
PMBUS
V12
V5
V3R3
CSD95372A
{
PWM
FCCM
VSW
ENABLE
TAO/FAULT
VR_FAULT#
VR_FAULT#
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SLPS416B –JUNE 2014–REVISED JUNE 2014
11 Device and Documentation Support
11.1 Trademarks
NexFET is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
11.2 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
11.3 Glossary
SLYZ022 — TI Glossary.
This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions.
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12 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information
The following pages include mechanical packaging and orderable information. This information is the most
current data available for the designated devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of
this document. For browser-based versions of this data sheet, refer to the left-hand navigation.
12.1 Mechanical Drawing
Exposed tie clip may vary
A
c2
E2
d2
E1
c1
L1
d1
K
b3
b2
b1
E
D2
b
e
a1
L
0.300 x 45°
d
MILLIMETERS
Nom
INCHES
Nom
DIM
Min
Max
1.500
0.050
0.320
Min
Max
0.059
0.002
0.013
A
a1
b
1.400
0.000
0.200
1.450
0.055
0.000
0.008
0.057
0.000
0.000
0.250
0.010
b1
b2
b3
c1
D2
d
2.750 TYP
0.250
0.108 TYP
0.010
0.200
0.320
0.008
0.013
0.250 TYP
0.200
0.010 TYP
0.008
0.150
5.300
0.200
0.350
1.900
5.900
4.900
3.200
0.250
5.500
0.300
0.450
2.100
6.100
5.100
3.400
0.006
0.209
0.008
0.014
0.075
0.232
0.193
0.126
0.010
0.217
0.012
0.018
0.083
0.240
0.201
0.134
5.400
0.213
0.250
0.010
d1
d2
E
0.400
0.016
2.000
0.079
6.000
0.236
E1
E2
e
5.000
0.197
3.300
0.130
0.500 TYP
0.350 TYP
0.500
0.020 TYP
0.014 TYP
0.020
K
L
0.400
0.210
0.00
0.600
0.410
—
0.016
0.008
0.00
0.024
0.016
—
L1
θ
0.310
0.012
—
—
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12.2 Recommended PCB Land Pattern
0.331(0.013)
0.370 (0.015)
1.000 (0.039)
0.410 (0.016)
0.550 (0.022)
0.300 (0.012)
2.800
(0.110)
6.300
(0.248)
5.300
(0.209)
5.639
(0.222)
0.500
(0.020)
0.300
(0.012)
R0.127 (R0.005)
3.400
(0.134)
5.900
(0.232)
12.3 Recommended Stencil Opening
0.350(0.014)
2.750
(0.108)
0.250
(0.010)
1. Dimensions are in mm (inches).
2. Stencil thickness is 100 µm.
spacer
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
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12-Jun-2014
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status Package Type Package Pins Package
Eco Plan
Lead/Ball Finish
MSL Peak Temp
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
Samples
Drawing
Qty
(1)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(4/5)
CSD95372AQ5M
ACTIVE
LSON-CLIP
DQP
12
2500 Pb-Free (RoHS
Exempt)
CU NIPDAU
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-55 to 150
95372AM
(1) The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability
information and additional product content details.
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that
lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between
the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight
in homogeneous material)
(3) MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.
(4) There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device.
(5) Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation
of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device.
(6) Lead/Ball Finish - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead/Ball Finish values may wrap to two lines if the finish
value exceeds the maximum column width.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and
continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.
Addendum-Page 1
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
12-Jun-2014
Addendum-Page 2
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
12-Jun-2014
TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Package Pins
Type Drawing
SPQ
Reel
Reel
A0
B0
K0
P1
W
Pin1
Diameter Width (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) Quadrant
(mm) W1 (mm)
CSD95372AQ5M
LSON-
CLIP
DQP
12
2500
330.0
12.4
5.3
6.3
1.8
8.0
12.0
Q1
Pack Materials-Page 1
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
12-Jun-2014
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Type Package Drawing Pins
LSON-CLIP DQP 12
SPQ
Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm)
367.0 367.0 35.0
CSD95372AQ5M
2500
Pack Materials-Page 2
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non-designated products, TI will not be responsible for any failure to meet ISO/TS16949.
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