MQFL-28-1R8S [SYNQOR]
HIGH RELIABILITY DC-DC CONVERTER; 高可靠性DC-DC转换器
| 型号： | MQFL-28-1R8S |
| 厂家： | 
SYNQOR WORLDWIDE HEADQUARTERS |
| 描述： | HIGH RELIABILITY DC-DC CONVERTER |
| 文件： | 总17页 (文件大小：1730K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
MQFL-28-1R8S
Single Output
HI G H RELIABILITY DC-DC CONVERTER
16-40V
16-50V
1.8V
40A
85% @ 20A / 83% @ 40A
Continuous Input
Transient Input
Output
Output
Efficiency
FU L L PO W E R OP E R A T I O N : -55ºC TO +125ºC
The MilQor® series of high-reliability DC-DC converters
brings SynQor’s field proven high-efficiency synchronous
rectifier technology to the Military/Aerospace industry.
TM
SynQor’s innovative QorSeal packaging approach ensures
survivability in the most hostile environments. Compatible
with the industry standard format, these converters operate
at a fixed frequency, have no opto-isolators, and follow
conservative component derating guidelines. They are
designed and manufactured to comply with a wide range of
military standards.
Design Process
MQFL series converters are:
• Designed for reliability per NAVSO-P3641-A guidelines
D
F
ESIGNED & MA N U F A C T U R E D IN T H E USA
E A T U R IN G O R -REL S S E M B L Y
EAL™ H
Q
S
I
A
• Designed with components derated per:
— MIL-HDBK-1547A
Features
— NAVSO P-3641A
• Fixed switching frequency
• No opto-isolators
• Parallel operation with current share
• Remote sense
• Clock synchronization
• Primary and secondary referenced enable
Qualification Process
MQFL series converters are qualified to:
• MIL-STD-810F
— consistent with RTCA/D0-160E
• SynQor’s First Article Qualification
• Continuous short circuit and overload protection
• Input under-voltage lockout/over-voltage shutdown
— consistent with MIL-STD-883F
• SynQor’s Long-Term Storage Survivability Qualification
• SynQor’s on-going life test
Specification Compliance
In-Line Manufacturing Process
MQFL series converters (with MQME filter) are designed to meet:
• MIL-HDBK-704-8 (A through F)
• RTCA/DO-160E Section 16
• MIL-STD-1275B
• AS9100 and ISO 9001:2000 certified facility
• Full component traceability
• Temperature cycling
• DEF-STAN 61-5 (part 6)/5
• MIL-STD-461 (C, D, E)
• RTCA/DO-160E Section 22
• Constant acceleration
• 24, 96, 160 hour burn-in
• Three level temperature screening
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 1
MQFL-28-1R8S
40A
Curren
Technical Specification
BLOCK DIAGRAM
REGULATION STAGE
ISOLATION STAGE
7
CURRENT
SENSE
1
POSITIVE
OUTPUT
POSITIVE
INPUT
T1
T2
T1
T2
2
8
INPUT
RETURN
OUTPUT
RETURN
3
CASE
GATE DRIVERS
GATE DRIVERS
UVLO
OVSD
12
CURRENT
LIMIT
ENABLE 2
4
MAGNETIC
11
ENABLE 1
PRIMARY
CONTROL
SECONDARY
CONTROL
SHARE
5
10
DATA COUPLING
SYNC OUTPUT
+ SENSE
6
9
SYNC INPUT
-
SENSE
BIAS POWER
CONTROL
POWER
TRANSFORMER
TYPICAL CONNECTION DIAGRAM
1
12
+VIN
ENA 2
open
means
on
2
11
10
IN RTN
SHARE
+ SNS
3
CASE
+
–
MQFL
4
5
6
9
8
7
+
–
28 Vdc
Load
ENA 1
– SNS
OUT RTN
+VOUT
SYNC OUT
SYNC IN
open
means
on
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 2
MQFL-28-1R8S
40A
Curren
Technical Specification
MQFL-28-1R8S ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Parameter
Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes & Conditions
Group A
Subgroup
Vin=28V dc ±5%, Iout=40A, CL=0µF, free running (see Note 10)
unless otherwise specified
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Input Voltage
Non-Operating
60
60
-0.8
-1.2
V
V
V
V
Operating
See Note 1
See Note 2
Reverse Bias (Tcase = 125ºC)
Reverse Bias (Tcase = -55ºC)
Isolation Voltage (I/O to case, I to O)
Continuous
-500
-800
-55
500
800
135
135
300
50
V
V
°C
°C
°C
V
Transient (≤100 µs)
Operating Case Temperature
Storage Case Temperature
Lead Temperature (20s)
-65
Voltage at ENA1, ENA2
-1.2
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Operating Input Voltage Range
"
16
16
28
28
40
50
V
V
Continuous
Transient, 1s
See Note 3
1, 2, 3
4, 5, 6
Input Under-Voltage Lockout
Turn-On Voltage Threshold
Turn-Off Voltage Threshold
Lockout Voltage Hysteresis
Input Over-Voltage Shutdown
Turn-Off Voltage Threshold
Turn-On Voltage Threshold
Shutdown Voltage Hysteresis
Maximum Input Current
14.75 15.50 16.00
13.80 14.40 15.00
0.50
V
V
V
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1.10
1.80
See Note 3
54.0
50.0
2.0
56.8
51.4
5.3
60.0
54.0
8.0
6
160
5
V
V
V
A
mA
mA
mA
mA
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
Vin = 16V; Iout = 40A
No Load Input Current (operating)
Disabled Input Current (ENA1)
Disabled Input Current (ENA2)
Input Terminal Current Ripple (pk-pk)
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Set Point (Tcase = 25ºC)
Output Voltage Set Point Over Temperature
Output Voltage Line Regulation
Output Voltage Load Regulation
Total Output Voltage Range
Output Voltage Ripple and Noise Peak to Peak
Operating Output Current Range
Operating Output Power Range
Output DC Current-Limit Inception
Short Circuit Output Current
Back-Drive Current Limit while Enabled
Back-Drive Current Limit while Disabled
Maximum Output Capacitance
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Deviation Load Transient
For a Pos. Step Change in Load Current
For a Neg. Step Change in Load Current
Settling Time (either case)
Output Voltage Deviation Line Transient
For a Pos. Step Change in Line Voltage
For a Neg. Step Change in Line Voltage
Settling Time (either case)
Turn-On Transient
110
2
25
40
Vin = 16V, 28V, 50V
Vin = 16V, 28V, 50V
Bandwidth = 100kHz – 10MHz; see Figure 14
50
60
1.78
1.77
-20
5
1.80
1.80
0
9
1.80
15
1.82
1.83
20
V
V
mV
mV
V
mV
A
W
A
A
A
Vout at sense leads
1
2, 3
"
" ; Vin = 16V, 28V, 50V; Iout=40A
" ; Vout @ (Iout=0A) - Vout @ (Iout=40A)
"
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
See Note 5
13
1.76
1.84
50
Bandwidth = 10MHz; CL=11µF
0
0
41
41
40
72
46
47
11
10
52
See Note 4
Vout ≤ 1.2V
53
75
10,000
mA
µF
See Note 6
-450
-300
300
200
mV
mV
µs
Total Iout step = 20A‹-›40A, 4A‹-›20A; CL=11µF
4, 5, 6
4, 5, 6
4, 5, 6
450
350
"
See Note 7
Vin step = 16V‹-›50V; CL=11µF; see Note 8
-180
-180
180
180
500
mV
mV
µs
"
"
4, 5, 6
4, 5, 6
See Note 5
250
See Note 7
Output Voltage Rise Time
Output Voltage Overshoot
Turn-On Delay, Rising Vin
6
0
5.5
3.0
1.5
10
2
8.0
6.0
3.0
ms
%
ms
ms
ms
Vout = 0.18V-›1.62V
4, 5, 6
See Note 5
4, 5, 6
4, 5, 6
4, 5, 6
ENA1, ENA2 = 5V; see Notes 9 & 11
ENA2 = 5V; see Note 11
ENA1 = 5V; see Note 11
Turn-On Delay, Rising ENA1
Turn-On Delay, Rising ENA2
EFFICIENCY
Iout = 40A (16Vin)
77
82
78
81
77
80
84
86
83
85
83
84
18
20
%
%
%
%
%
%
W
W
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
Iout = 20A (16Vin)
Iout = 40A (28Vin)
Iout = 20A (28Vin)
Iout = 40A (40Vin)
Iout = 20A (40Vin)
Load Fault Power Dissipation
Short Circuit Power Dissipation
30
30
Iout at current limit inception point; See Note 4
Vout ≤ 1.2V
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 3
MQFL-28-1R8S
40A
Curren
Technical Specification
MQFL-28-1R8S ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)
Parameter
Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes & Conditions
Group A
Subgroup
Vin=28V dc ±5%, Iout=40A, CL=0µF, free running (see Note 10) unless
otherwise specified
ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS
Isolation Voltage
Dielectric strength
Input RTN to Output RTN
Any Input Pin to Case
500
500
500
100
100
V
V
V
MΩ
MΩ
nF
1
1
1
1
1
1
Any Output Pin to Case
Isolation Resistance (in rtn to out rtn)
Isolation Resistance (any pin to case)
Isolation Capacitance (in rtn to out rtn)
FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS
Switching Frequency (free running)
Synchronization Input
44
500
550
600
kHz
1, 2, 3
Frequency Range
Logic Level High
500
2
700
10
kHz
V
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
Logic Level Low
Duty Cycle
-0.5
20
0.8
80
V
%
1, 2, 3
See Note 5
Synchronization Output
Pull Down Current
Duty Cycle
20
25
mA
%
VSYNC OUT = 0.8V
Output connected to SYNC IN of other MQFL unit
See Note 5
See Note 5
75
Enable Control (ENA1 and ENA2)
Off-State Voltage
Module Off Pulldown Current
On-State Voltage
0.8
V
µA
V
1, 2, 3
See Note 5
1, 2, 3
80
2
Current drain required to ensure module is off
Module On Pin Leakage Current
Pull-Up Voltage
20
4.5
µA
V
Imax drawn from pin allowed, module on
See Figure A
See Note 5
1, 2, 3
3.2
4.0
RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS
Calculated MTBF (MIL-STD-217F2)
GB @ Tcase = 70ºC
AIF @ Tcase = 70ºC
Demonstrated MTBF
3
2800
440
TBD
10 Hrs.
3
10 Hrs.
3
10 Hrs.
WEIGHT CHARACTERISTICS
Device Weight
79
g
Electrical Characteristics Notes
1. Converter will undergo input over-voltage shutdown.
2. Derate output power to 50% of rated power at Tcase = 135ºC.
3. High or low state of input voltage must persist for about 200µs to be acted on by the lockout or shutdown circuitry.
4. Current limit inception is defined as the point where the output voltage has dropped to 90% of its nominal value.
5. Parameter not tested but guaranteed to the limit specified.
6. Load current transition time ≥ 10µs.
7. Settling time measured from start of transient to the point where the output voltage has returned to ±50mV of its final value.
8. Line voltage transition time ≥ 100µs.
9. Input voltage rise time ≤ 250µs.
10. Operating the converter at a synchronization frequency above the free running frequency will cause the converter’s efficiency to be slightly reduced
and it may also cause a slight reduction in the maximum output current/power available. For more information consult the factory.
11. After a disable or fault event, module is inhibited from restarting for 300ms. See Shut Down section of the Control Features description.
12. SHARE pin outputs a power failure warning pulse during a fault condition. See Current Share section of the Control Features description.
13. Only the ES and HB grade products are tested at three temperatures. The B and C grade products are tested at one temperature. Please refer to the
Construction and Environmental Stress Screening Options table for details.
14. These derating curves apply for the ES- and HB- grade products. The C- grade product has a maximum case temperature of 100ºC and a maximum
junction temperature rise of 20ºC above TCASE. The B- grade product has a maximum case temperature of 85ºC and a maximum junction
temperature rise of 20ºC at full load.
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 4
MQFL-28-1R8S
40A
Curren
Technical Specification
100
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
100
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
16 Vin
28 Vin
40 Vin
16 Vin
28 Vin
40 Vin
-55ºC
25ºC
125ºC
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Load Current (A)
Case Temperature (ºC)
Figure 1: Efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load current for
minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at Tcase=25°C.
Figure 2: Efficiency at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs.
case temperature for input voltage of 16V, 28V, and 40V.
18
16
14
12
10
8
16
14
12
10
8
6
6
4
16 Vin
4
16 Vin
28 Vin
28 Vin
2
2
40 Vin
40 Vin
0
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
-55ºC
25ºC
125ºC
Load Current (A)
Case Temperature (ºC)
Figure 3: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load current
for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at Tcase=25°C.
Figure 4: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage and 60% rated
power vs. case temperature for input voltage of 16V, 28V, and 40V.
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
90
81
72
63
54
45
36
27
18
9
Tj
Tj
Tj
= 105ºC
= 125ºC
= 145ºC
max
max
max
0.5
28 Vin
0
0
0.0
25
45
65
85
105
125
145
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Case Temperature (ºC)
Load Current (A)
Figure 5: Output Current / Output Power derating curve as a
function of Tcase and the Maximum desired power MOSFET junction
temperature at Vin = 28V (see Note 14).
Figure 6: Output voltage vs. load current showing typical current
limit curves.
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 5
MQFL-28-1R8S
40A
Curren
Technical Specification
Figure 7: Turn-on transient at full resistive load and zero output
capacitance initiated by ENA1. Input voltage pre-applied. Ch 1:
Vout (500mV/div). Ch 2: ENA1 (5V/div).
Figure 8: Turn-on transient at full resistive load and 10mF output
capacitance initiated by ENA1. Input voltage pre-applied. Ch 1:
Vout (500mV/div). Ch 2: ENA1 (5V/div).
Figure 10: Turn-on transient at full resistive load and zero output
capacitance initiated by Vin. ENA1 and ENA2 both previously high.
Ch 1: Vout (500mV/div). Ch 2: Vin (10V/div).
Figure 9: Turn-on transient at full resistive load and zero output
capacitance initiated by ENA2. Input voltage pre-applied. Ch 1:
Vout (500mV/div). Ch 2: ENA2 (5V/div).
Figure 11: Output voltage response to step-change in load current
50%-100%-50% of Iout (max). Load cap: 1µF ceramic cap and
10µF, 100mΩ ESR tantalum cap. Ch 1: Vout (200mV/div). Ch 2: Iout
(20A/div).
Figure 12: Output voltage response to step-change in load current 0%-
50%-0% of Iout (max). Load cap: 1µF ceramic cap and 10µF, 100 mΩ
ESR tantalum cap. Ch 1: Vout (200mV/div). Ch 2: Iout (20A/div).
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 6
MQFL-28-1R8S
40A
Curren
Technical Specification
See Fig. 16
See Fig. 15
iC
MQME
Filter
MQFL
Converter
VOUT
VSOURCE
10µF,
1µF
ceramic
100m
ESR
W
capacitor
capacitor
Figure 14: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for
Input Terminal Ripple Current (Figure 15) and Output Voltage Ripple
(Figure 16).
Figure 13: Output voltage response to step-change in input voltage
(16V - 50V - 16V). Load cap: 10µF, 100mΩ ESR tantalum cap and 1µF
ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (200mV/div). Ch 2: Vin (20V/div).
Figure 15: Input terminal current ripple, ic, at full rated output current
and nominal input voltage with SynQor MQ filter module (50mA/div).
Bandwidth: 20MHz. See Figure 14.
Figure 16: Output voltage ripple, Vout, at nominal input voltage
and rated load current (20mV/div). Load capacitance: 1µF ceramic
capacitor and 10µF tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 10MHz. See
Figure 14.
Figure 17: Rise of output voltage after the removal of a short circuit
across the output terminals. Ch 1: Vout (500mV/div). Ch 2: Iout
(20A/div).
Figure 18: SYNC OUT vs. time, driving SYNC IN of a second SynQor
MQFL converter. Ch1: SYNC OUT: (1V/div).
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 7
MQFL-28-1R8S
40A
Curren
Technical Specification
0.1
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
-100
0.01
0.001
16Vin
28Vin
40Vin
16Vin
28Vin
40Vin
0.0001
10
100
1,000
Hz
10,000
100,000
10
100
1,000
Hz
10,000
100,000
Figure 21: Magnitude of incremental reverse transmission (RT =
Figure 19: Magnitude of incremental output impedance (Zout =
iin/iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full
rated power.
vout/iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full
rated power.
100
10
0
10
-10
-20
1
-30
16Vin
0.1
28Vin
40Vin
16Vin
-40
-50
28Vin
40Vin
0.01
10
100
1,000
Hz
10,000
100,000
10
100
1,000
Hz
10,000
100,000
Figure 23: High frequency conducted emissions of standalone MQFL-
28-05S, 5Vout module at 120W output, as measured with Method
CE102. Limit line shown is the ‘Basic Curve’for all applications with
a 28V source.
Figure 22: Magnitude of incremental input impedance (Zin = vin/iin)
for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power.
Figure 23: High frequency conducted emissions of standalone MQFL-
28-05S, 5Vout module at 120W output, as measured with Method
CE102. Limit line shown is the ‘Basic Curve’for all applications with a
28V source.
Figure 24: High frequency conducted emissions of MQFL-28-05S,
5Vout module at 120W output with MQFL-28-P filter, as measured
with Method CE102. Limit line shown is the ‘Basic Curve’for all
applications with a 28V source.
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 8
MQFL-28-1R8S
40A
Curren
Technical Specification
BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES
CONTROL FEATURES
ENABLE: The MQFL converter has two enable pins. Both must
have a logic high level for the converter to be enabled. A logic
low on either pin will inhibit the converter.
The MQFL DC/DC converter uses a two-stage power conversion
topology. The first, or regulation, stage is a buck-converter that
keeps the output voltage constant over variations in line, load,
and temperature. The second, or isolation, stage uses transform-
ers to provide the functions of input/output isolation and voltage
transformation to achieve the output voltage required.
The ENA1 pin (pin 4) is referenced with respect to the converter’s
input return (pin 2). The ENA2 pin (pin 12) is referenced with
respect to the converter’s output return (pin 8). This permits the
converter to be inhibited from either the input or the output side.
Both the regulation and the isolation stages switch at a fixed
frequency for predictable EMI performance. The isolation stage
switches at one half the frequency of the regulation stage, but due
to the push-pull nature of this stage it creates a ripple at double its
switching frequency. As a result, both the input and the output of
the converter have a fundamental ripple frequency of about 550
kHz in the free-running mode.
Regardless of which pin is used to inhibit the converter, the regu-
lation and the isolation stages are turned off. However, when
the converter is inhibited through the ENA1 pin, the bias supply
is also turned off, whereas this supply remains on when the con-
verter is inhibited through the ENA2 pin. A higher input standby
current therefore results in the latter case.
Rectification of the isolation stage’s output is accomplished with
synchronous rectifiers. These devices, which are MOSFETs with a
very low resistance, dissipate far less energy than would Schottky
diodes. This is the primary reason why the MQFL converters have
such high efficiency, particularly at low output voltages.
Both enable pins are internally pulled high so that an open
connection on both pins will enable the converter. Figure A
shows the equivalent circuit looking into either enable pins. It
is TTL compatible.
5.6V
Besides improving efficiency, the synchronous rectifiers permit
operation down to zero load current. There is no longer a need
for a minimum load, as is typical for converters that use diodes for
rectification. The synchronous rectifiers actually permit a nega-
tive load current to flow back into the converter’s output terminals
if the load is a source of short or long term energy. The MQFL
converters employ a “back-drive current limit” to keep this nega-
tive output terminal current small.
82K
1N4148
PIN 4
(or PIN 12)
ENABLE
TO ENABLE
CIRCUITRY
250K
125K
2N3904
There is a control circuit on both the input and output sides of the
MQFL converter that determines the conduction state of the power
switches. These circuits communicate with each other across the
isolation barrier through a magnetically coupled device. No
opto-isolators are used.
PIN 2
(or PIN 8)
IN RTN
Figure A: Equivalent circuit looking into either the ENA1 or ENA2
pins with respect to its corresponding return pin.
A separate bias supply provides power to both the input and out-
put control circuits. Among other things, this bias supply permits
the converter to operate indefinitely into a short circuit and to
avoid a hiccup mode, even under a tough start-up condition.
SHUT DOWN: The MQFL converter will shut down in response
to only four conditions: ENA1 input low, ENA2 input low, VIN
input below under-voltage lockout threshold, or VIN input above
over-voltage shutdown threshold. Following a shutdown event,
there is a startup inhibit delay which will prevent the converter
from restarting for approximately 300ms. After the 300ms delay
elapses, if the enable inputs are high and the input voltage is
within the operating range, the converter will restart. If the VIN
input is brought down to nearly 0V and back into the operating
range, there is no startup inhibit, and the output voltage will rise
according to the “Turn-On Delay, Rising Vin” specification.
An input under-voltage lockout feature with hysteresis is provided,
as well as an input over-voltage shutdown. There is also an
output current limit that is nearly constant as the load impedance
decreases to a short circuit (i.e., there is not fold-back or fold-
forward characteristic to the output current under this condition).
When a load fault is removed, the output voltage rises exponen-
tially to its nominal value without an overshoot.
The MQFL converter’s control circuit does not implement an output
over-voltage limit or an over-temperature shutdown.
The following sections describe the use and operation of addi-
tional control features provided by the MQFL converter.
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 9
MQFL-28-1R8S
40A
Curren
Technical Specification
synchronization signal at the SYNC IN pin, or the synchroniza-
REMOTE SENSE: The purpose of the remote sense pins is to
correct for the voltage drop along the conductors that connect the
converter’s output to the load. To achieve this goal, a separate
conductor should be used to connect the +SENSE pin (pin 10)
directly to the positive terminal of the load, as shown in the con-
nection diagram on Page 2. Similarly, the –SENSE pin (pin 9)
should be connected through a separate conductor to the return
terminal of the load.
tion frequency if there is.
The SYNC OUT signal is available only when the DC input volt-
age is above approximately 12V and when the converter is not
inhibited through the ENA1 pin. An inhibit through the ENA2 pin
will not turn the SYNC OUT signal off.
NOTE: An MQFL converter that has its SYNC IN pin driven by
the SYNC OUT pin of a second MQFL converter will have its start
of its switching cycle delayed approximately 180 degrees relative
to that of the second converter.
NOTE: Even if remote sensing of the load voltage is not desired,
the +SENSE and the -SENSE pins must be connected to +Vout (pin
7) and OUTPUT RETURN (pin 8), respectively, to get proper regu-
lation of the converter’s output. If they are left open, the converter
will have an output voltage that is approximately 200mV higher
than its specified value. If only the +SENSE pin is left open, the
output voltage will be approximately 25mV too high.
Figure B shows the equivalent circuit looking into the SYNC IN
pin. Figure C shows the equivalent circuit looking into the
SYNC OUT pin.
5V
Inside the converter, +SENSE is connected to +Vout with a resis-
tor value from 100W to 274W, depending on output voltage, and
–SENSE is connected to OUTPUT RETURN with a 10W resistor.
5K
It is also important to note that when remote sense is used, the
voltage across the converter’s output terminals (pins 7 and 8)
will be higher than the converter’s nominal output voltage due to
resistive drops along the connecting wires. This higher voltage at
the terminals produces a greater voltage stress on the converter’s
internal components and may cause the converter to fail to deliver
the desired output voltage at the low end of the input voltage
range at the higher end of the load current and temperature
range. Please consult the factory for details.
TO SYNC
CIRCUITRY
PIN 6
SYNC IN
IN RTN
5K
PIN 2
Figure B: Equivalent circuit looking into the SYNC IN pin with
respect to the IN RTN (input return) pin.
SYNCHRONIZATION: The MQFL converter’s switching fre-
quency can be synchronized to an external frequency source
that is in the 500 kHz to 700 kHz range. A pulse train at the
desired frequency should be applied to the SYNC IN pin (pin 6)
with respect to the INPUT RETURN (pin 2). This pulse train should
have a duty cycle in the 20% to 80% range. Its low value should
be below 0.8V to be guaranteed to be interpreted as a logic low,
and its high value should be above 2.0V to be guaranteed to be
interpreted as a logic high. The transition time between the two
states should be less than 300ns.
5V
5K
SYNC OUT
FROM SYNC
CIRCUITRY
PIN 5
IN RTN
PIN 2
OPEN COLLECTOR
OUTPUT
If the MQFL converter is not to be synchronized, the SYNC IN pin
should be left open circuit. The converter will then operate in its
free-running mode at a frequency of approximately 550 kHz.
Figure C: Equivalent circuit looking into SYNC OUT pin with
respect to the IN RTN (input return) pin.
If, due to a fault, the SYNC IN pin is held in either a logic low or
logic high state continuously, the MQFL converter will revert to its
free-running frequency.
CURRENT SHARE: When several MQFL converters are placed
in parallel to achieve either a higher total load power or N+1
redundancy, their SHARE pins (pin 11) should be connected
together. The voltage on this common SHARE node represents
the average current delivered by all of the paralleled converters.
Each converter monitors this average value and adjusts itself so
that its output current closely matches that of the average.
The MQFL converter also has a SYNC OUT pin (pin 5). This
output can be used to drive the SYNC IN pins of as many as ten
(10) other MQFL converters. The pulse train coming out of SYNC
OUT has a duty cycle of 50% and a frequency that matches the
switching frequency of the converter with which it is associated.
This frequency is either the free-running frequency if there is no
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 10
MQFL-28-1R8S
40A
Curren
Technical Specification
Since the SHARE pin is monitored with respect to the OUTPUT
RETURN (pin 8) by each converter, it is important to connect all of
the converters’ OUTPUT RETURN pins together through a low DC
and AC impedance. When this is done correctly, the converters
will deliver their appropriate fraction of the total load current to
within +/- 10% at full rated load.
100,000
10,000
1,000
100
Whether or not converters are paralleled, the voltage at the
SHARE pin could be used to monitor the approximate average
current delivered by the converter(s). A nominal voltage of 1.0V
represents zero current and a nominal voltage of 2.2V represents
the maximum rated current, with a linear relationship in between.
The internal source resistance of a converter’s SHARE pin signal
is 2.5 kW. During an input voltage fault or primary disable
event, the SHARE pin outputs a power failure warning pulse. The
SHARE pin will go to 3V for approximately 14ms as the output
voltage falls.
0.00
0.03
0.06
0.09
0.12
0.15
0.18
0.21
Increase in Vout (V)
Figure E: Output Voltage Trim Graph
NOTE: Converters operating from separate input filters with
reverse polarity protection (such as the MQME-28-T filter) with
their outputs connected in parallel may exhibit hiccup operation
at light loads. Consult factory for details.
As the output voltage is trimmed up, it produces a greater voltage
stress on the converter’s internal components and may cause the
converter to fail to deliver the desired output voltage at the low
end of the input voltage range at the higher end of the load
current and temperature range. Please consult the factory for
details. Factory trimmed converters are available by request.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRIM: If desired, it is possible to increase
the MQFL converter’s output voltage above its nominal value. To
do this, use the +SENSE pin (pin 10) for this trim function instead
of for its normal remote sense function, as shown in Figure D.
In this case, a resistor connects the +SENSE pin to the –SENSE
pin (which should still be connected to the output return, either
remotely or locally). The value of the trim resistor should be
chosen according to the following equation or from Figure E:
INPUT UNDER-VOLTAGE LOCKOUT: The MQFL converter
has an under-voltage lockout feature that ensures the converter
will be off if the input voltage is too low. The threshold of
input voltage at which the converter will turn on is higher that
the threshold at which it will turn off. In addition, the MQFL
converter will not respond to a state of the input voltage unless
it has remained in that state for more than about 200µs. This
hysteresis and the delay ensure proper operation when the source
impedance is high or in a noisy environment.
407.5
Rtrim =
Vout – Vnom – 0.025
where:
Vnom = the converter’s nominal output voltage,
Vout = the desired output voltage (greater than Vnom), and
Rtrim is in Ohms.
INPUT OVER-VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN: The MQFL converter
also has an over-voltage feature that ensures the converter will be
off if the input voltage is too high. It also has a hysteresis and
time delay to ensure proper operation.
1
12
+VIN
ENA 2
2
11
IN RTN
SHARE
3
10
CASE
+ SNS
Rtrim
4
5
6
9
+
–
28 Vdc
ENA 1
– SNS
–
8
7
SYNC OUT
SYNC IN
OUT RTN
+VOUT
open
means
on
Load
+
Figure D: Typical connection for output voltage trimming.
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 11
MQFL-28-1R8S
40A
Curren
Technical Specification
The Mil-HDBK-1547A component derating guideline calls for a
maximum component temperature of 105ºC. Figure 5 therefore
has one power derating curve that ensures this limit is main-
tained. It has been SynQor’s extensive experience that reliable
long-term converter operation can be achieved with a maximum
component temperature of 125ºC. In extreme cases, a maximum
temperature of 145ºC is permissible, but not recommended for
long-term operation where high reliability is required. Derating
curves for these higher temperature limits are also included in
Figure 5. The maximum case temperature at which the converter
should be operated is 135ºC.
BACK-DRIVE CURRENT LIMIT: Converters that use MOSFETs
as synchronous rectifiers are capable of drawing a negative current
from the load if the load is a source of short- or long-term energy.
This negative current is referred to as a “back-drive current”.
Conditions where back-drive current might occur include paral-
leled converters that do not employ current sharing, or where the
current share feature does not adequately ensure sharing during
the startup or shutdown transitions. It can also occur when con-
verters having different output voltages are connected together
through either explicit or parasitic diodes that, while normally
off, become conductive during startup or shutdown. Finally, some
loads, such as motors, can return energy to their power rail. Even
a load capacitor is a source of back-drive energy for some period
of time during a shutdown transient.
When the converter is mounted on a metal plate, the plate will
help to make the converter’s case bottom a uniform temperature.
How well it does so depends on the thickness of the plate and
on the thermal conductance of the interface layer (e.g. thermal
grease, thermal pad, etc.) between the case and the plate. Unless
this is done very well, it is important not to mistake the plate’s
temperature for the maximum case temperature. It is easy for
them to be as much as 5-10ºC different at full power and at high
temperatures. It is suggested that a thermocouple be attached
directly to the converter’s case through a small hole in the plate
when investigating how hot the converter is getting. Care must
also be made to ensure that there is not a large thermal resistance
between the thermocouple and the case due to whatever adhe-
sive might be used to hold the thermocouple in place.
To avoid any problems that might arise due to back-drive current,
the MQFL converters limit the negative current that the converter
can draw from its output terminals. The threshold for this back-
drive current limit is placed sufficiently below zero so that the con-
verter may operate properly down to zero load, but its absolute
value (see the Electrical Characteristics page) is small compared
to the converter’s rated output current.
THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS: Figure 5 shows the suggested
Power Derating Curves for this converter as a function of the case
temperature and the maximum desired power MOSFET junction
temperature. All other components within the converter are cooler
than its hottest MOSFET, which at full power is no more than 20ºC
higher than the case temperature directly below this MOSFET.
INPUT SYSTEM INSTABILITY: This condition can occur
because any DC/DC converter appears incrementally as a
negative resistance load. A detailed application note titled
“Input System Instability” is available on the SynQor website
which provides an understanding of why this instability arises,
and shows the preferred solution for correcting it.
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 12
MQFL-28-1R8S
40A
Curren
Technical Specification
CONSTRUCTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS SCREENING OPTIONS
ES-Grade
(-55 ºC to +125 ºC)
(Element Evaluation)
HB-Grade
(-55 ºC to +125 ºC)
(Element Evaluation)
Consistent with
MIL-STD-883F
B-Grade
(-40 ºC to +85 ºC)
C-Grade
(-40 ºC to +100 ºC)
Screening
Internal Visual
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
*
Condition B
(-55 ºC to +125 ºC)
Condition C
(-65 ºC to +150 ºC)
Temperature Cycle
Method 1010
Constant
Acceleration
Method 2001
(Y1 Direction)
Condition A
(5000g)
No
No
500g
Method 1015
Load Cycled
Burn-in
• 10s period
12 Hrs @ +100 ºC
24 Hrs @ +125 ºC
96 Hrs @ +125 ºC
160 Hrs @ +125 ºC
• 2s @ 100% Load
• 8s @ 0% Load
Method 5005
(Group A)
Final Electrical Test
+25 ºC
+25 ºC
-45, +25, +100 ºC
Full QorSeal
-55, +25, +125 ºC
Full QorSeal
Mechanical Seal,
Thermal, and Coating
Process
Anodized Package
Full QorSeal
External Visual
2009
Yes
Yes
*
*
Construction Process
Ruggedized
QorSeal
QorSeal
QorSeal
* Per IPC-A-610 (Rev. D) Class 3
MilQor converters and filters are offered in four variations of construction technique and environmental stress screening options. The
three highest grades, C, ES, and HB, all use SynQor’s proprietary QorSeal™ Hi-Rel assembly process that includes a Parylene-C coating
of the circuit, a high performance thermal compound filler, and a nickel barrier gold plated aluminum case. The B-grade version uses
a ruggedized assembly process that includes a medium performance thermal compound filler and a black anodized aluminum case†.
Each successively higher grade has more stringent mechanical and electrical testing, as well as a longer burn-in cycle. The ES- and
HB-Grades are also constructed of components that have been procured through an element evaluation process that pre-qualifies each
new batch of devices.
† Note: Since the surface of the black anodized case is not guaranteed to be electrically conductive, a star washer or similar device
should be used to cut through the surface oxide if electrical connection to the case is desired.
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 13
MQFL-28-1R8S
40A
Curren
Technical Specification
0.093
[2.36]
0.250 [6.35]
+VIN
ENA 2
1
12
IN RTN
SHARE
2
11
1.50 [38.10]
0.200 [5.08]
TYP. NON-CUM.
CASE
MQFL-28-1R8S-X-HB
DC/DC CONVERTER
28Vin 1.8Vout @ 40A
+SNS
-SNS
3
4
5
6
10 1.260
[32.00]
ENA 1
9
8
7
MADE IN USA
OUT RTN
+VOUT
SYNC OUT
SYNC IN
0.040 [1.02]
PIN
S/N 0000000 D/C 3205-301 CAGE 1WX10
2.50 [63.50]
2.76 [70.10]
3.00 [76.20]
0.050 [1.27]
0.220 [5.59]
0.128 [3.25]
2.96 [75.2]
0.228 [5.79]
0.390 [9.91]
Case X
0.093
[2.36]
0.250 [6.35]
+VIN
ENA 2
1
12
11
0.200 [5.08]
TYP. NON-CUM.
IN RTN
CASE
SHARE
2
3
4
5
6
1.50 [38.10]
MQFL-28-1R8S-U-HB
DC/DC CONVERTER
28Vin 1.8Vout @ 40A
+SNS
-SNS
10 1.260
[32.00]
ENA 1
9
8
7
OUT RTN
+VOUT
SYNC OUT
SYNC IN
MADE IN USA
0.040 [1.02]
PIN
S/N 0000000 D/C 3205-301 CAGE 1WX10
0.42
[10.7]
2.50 [63.50]
2.76 [70.10]
3.00 [76.20]
0.050 [1.27]
0.220 [5.59]
0.128 [3.25]
2.80 [71.1]
Case U
0.390 [9.91]
NOTES
PIN DESIGNATIONS
1)
2)
Pins 0.040” (1.02mm) diameter
Pin Function
Pin Function
Pins Material: Copper
Finish: Gold over Nickel plate
1
2
3
4
5
6
Positive input
Input return
CASE
7
8
9
Positive output
Output return
- Sense
3)
All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm)
x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm)
4)
5)
6)
Weight: 2.8 oz (78.5 g) typical
Enable 1
10 + Sense
11 Share
Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610C Class III
Print Labeling on Top Surface per Product Label Format Drawing
Sync output
Sync input
12 Enable 2
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 14
MQFL-28-1R8S
40A
Curren
Technical Specification
0.300 [7.62]
0.140 [3.56]
1.15 [29.21]
0.250 [6.35]
0.250 [6.35]
TYP
1
2
3
4
5
6
+VIN
12
ENA 2
2.00
[50.80]
IN RTN
CASE
SHARE
+SNS
11
10
9
MQFL-28-1R8S-Y-HB
DC/DC CONVERTER
28Vin 1.8Vout @ 40A
0.200 [5.08]
1.50
[38.10]
TYP.
-SNS
ENA 1
NON-CUM.
OUT RTN
+VOUT
SYNC OUT
SYNC IN
MADE IN USA
8
1.750
[44.45]
S/N 0000000 D/C 3205-301 CAGE 1WX10
7
0.040
[1.02]
PIN
0.050 [1.27]
0.220 [5.59]
1.750 [44.45]
2.50 [63.50]
0.375 [9.52]
2.96 [75.2]
0.228 [5.79]
0.390 [9.91]
Case Y
Case Z
(variant of Y)
Case W
(variant of Y)
0.250 [6.35]
0.250 [6.35]
0.200 [5.08]
0.200 [5.08]
TYP. NON-CUM.
TYP. NON-CUM.
0.040 [1.02]
PIN
0.040 [1.02]
PIN
0.420 [10.7]
0.050 [1.27]
0.220 [5.59]
0.220 [5.59]
0.050 [1.27]
0.36 [9.2]
2.80 [71.1]
0.525 [13.33]
0.390
[9.91]
0.390
[9.91]
0.525 [13.33]
2.80 [71.1]
PIN DESIGNATIONS
Pin Function Pin Function
NOTES
1)
Pins 0.040” (1.02mm) diameter
Pins Material: Copper
2)
1
2
3
4
5
6
Positive input
Input return
CASE
Enable 1
Sync output
Sync input
7
8
9
Positive output
Output return
- Sense
Finish: Gold over Nickel plate
All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm)
x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm)
3)
4)
5)
6)
Weight: 2.8 oz (78.5 g) typical
Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610C Class III
Print Labeling on Top Surface per Product Label Format Drawing
10 + Sense
11 Share
12 Enable 2
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 15
MQFL-28-1R8S
40A
Curren
Technical Specification
MilQor MQFL FAMILY MATRIX
The tables below show the array of MQFL converters available. When ordering SynQor converters, please ensure that you use
the complete part number according to the table in the last page. Contact the factory for other requirements.
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
3.3V
5V
6V
7.5V
9V
12V
(12S)
15V
(15S)
28V
(28S)
Single Output
(1R5S) (1R8S) (2R5S) (3R3S) (05S)
(06S) (7R5S) (09S)
MQFL-28
16-40Vin Cont.
16-50Vin 1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 60V
40A
40A
40A
40A
40A
40A
40A
40A
40A
40A
40A
40A
40A
40A
40A
40A
40A
40A
40A
40A
30A
30A
30A
30A
30A
30A
30A
22A
24A
24A
20A
20A
24A
20A
15A
20A
20A
17A
17A
20A
17A
12A
16A
16A
13A
13A
16A
13A
10A
13A
13A
11A
11A
13A
11A
8A
10A
10A
8A
8A
8A
4A
4A
MQFL-28E
16-70Vin Cont.
16-80Vin 1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin =100V
MQFL-28V
16-40Vin Cont.
5.5-50Vin 1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 60V
6.5A
6.5A
8A
3.3A
3.3A
4A
MQFL-28VE
16-70Vin Cont.
5.5-80Vin 1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 100V
8A
MQFL-270
155-400Vin Cont.
155-475Vin 0.1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 550V
10A
8A
MQFL-270E
130-475Vin Cont.
130-520Vin 0.1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 600V
6.5A
5A
3.3A
2.7A
MQFL-270L
65-350Vin Cont.
65-475Vin 0.1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 550V
6A
5V
(05D)
12V
(12D)
15V
(15D)
3.3V/±12V
(3R312T)
3.3V/±15V
(3R315T)
5V/±12V
(0512T)
5V/±15V
(0515T)
30V/±15V
(3015T)
Dual Output
Triple Output
MQFL-28
MQFL-28
16-40Vin Cont.
24A
Total
8A
Total
16-40Vin Cont.
22A/
±1A
22A/
±0.8A
15A/
±1A
15A/
±0.8A
2.5A/
±0.8A
10A Total
16-50Vin 1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 60V
16-50Vin 1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 60V
MQFL-28E
MQFL-28E
16-70Vin Cont.
16-80Vin 1s Trans.*
16-70Vin Cont.
24A
Total
8A
Total
22A/
±1A
22A/
±0.8A
15A/
±1A
15A/
±0.8A
2.5A/
±0.8A
10A Total
16-80Vin 1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin =100V
Absolute Max Vin =100V
MQFL-28V
MQFL-28V
16-40Vin Cont.
20A
Total
8A
Total
6.5A
Total
16-40Vin Cont.
22A/
±1A
22A/
±0.8A
15A/
±1A
15A/
±0.8A
2.5A/
±0.8A
5.5-50Vin 1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 60V
5.5-50Vin 1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 60V
MQFL-28VE
MQFL-28VE
16-70Vin Cont.
20A
Total
8A
Total
6.5A
Total
16-70Vin Cont.
22A/
±1A
22A/
±0.8A
15A/
±1A
15A/
±0.8A
2.5A/
±0.8A
5.5-80Vin 1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 100V
5.5-80Vin 1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 100V
MQFL-270
MQFL-270
155-400Vin Cont.
24A
Total
155-400Vin Cont.
22A/
±1A
22A/
±0.8A
15A/
±1A
15A/
±0.8A
2.5A/
±0.8A
10A Total 8A Total
155-475Vin 0.1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 550V
155-475Vin 0.1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 550V
MQFL-270E
MQFL-270E
130-475Vin Cont.
20A
Total
8A
Total
6.5A
Total
130-475Vin Cont.
22A/
±1A
22A/
±0.8A
15A/
±1A
15A/
±0.8A
2.5A/
±0.8A
130-520Vin 0.1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 600V
130-520Vin 0.1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 600V
MQFL-270L
MQFL-270L
22A/
±1A
22A/
±0.8A
15A/
±1A
15A/
±0.8A
2.5A/
±0.8A
65-350Vin Cont.
15A
Total
6A
Total
5A
Total
65-350Vin Cont.
65-475Vin 0.1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 550V
65-475Vin 0.1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 550V
(75W
Total Output Power)
max
*Converters may be operated continuously at the highest transient input voltage, but some
component electrical and thermal stresses would be beyond MIL-HDBK-1547A guidelines.
†80% of total output current available on
any one output.
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 16
MQFL-28-1R8S
40A
Curren
Technical Specification
PART NUMBERING SYSTEM
The part numbering system for SynQor’s MilQor DC-DC converters follows the format shown in the table below.
Output Voltage(s)
Input
Model
Name
Package Outline/
Pin Configuration
Screening
Grade
Voltage
Range
Single
Output
Dual
Output
Triple
Output
1R5S
1R8S
2R5S
3R3S
05S
06S
7R5S
09S
28
28E
28V
28VE
3R312T
3R315T
0512T
0515T
3015T
U
X
Y
W
Z
B
C
ES
HB
05D
12D
15D
MQFL
270
270E
270L
12S
15S
28S
Example:
MQFL-28-1R8S–Y–ES
APPLICATION NOTES
A variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded in pdf format from the SynQor website.
PATENTS
SynQor holds the following patents, one or more of which might apply to this product:
5,999,417
6,594,159
6,927,987
7,119,524
6,222,742
6,731,520
7,050,309
7,269,034
6,545,890
6,894,468
7,072,190
7,272,021
6,577,109
6,896,526
7,085,146
7,272,023
Contact SynQor for further information:
Warranty
Phone:
978-849-0600
SynQor offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty
information is listed on our website or is available upon request from
SynQor.
Toll Free: 888-567-9596
Fax:
978-849-0602
E-mail:
Web:
power@synqor.com
www.synqor.com
Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any
infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any
patent or patent rights of SynQor.
Address: 155 Swanson Road
Boxborough, MA 01719
USA
Product # MQFL-28-1R8S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2MQ180S Rev. A
03/20/09
Page 17
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