LM34CH [NSC]
Precision Fahrenheit Temperature Sensors; 精密华氏温度传感器
| 型号： | LM34CH |
| 厂家： | 
National Semiconductor |
| 描述： | Precision Fahrenheit Temperature Sensors |
| 文件： | 总12页 (文件大小：251K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
July 1999
LM34
Precision Fahrenheit Temperature Sensors
hermetic TO-46 transistor packages, while the LM34C,
LM34CA and LM34D are also available in the plastic TO-92
transistor package. The LM34D is also available in an 8-lead
surface mount small outline package. The LM34 is a comple-
ment to the LM35 (Centigrade) temperature sensor.
General Description
The LM34 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature
sensors, whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the
Fahrenheit temperature. The LM34 thus has an advantage
over linear temperature sensors calibrated in degrees
Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a large con-
stant voltage from its output to obtain convenient Fahrenheit
Features
n Calibrated directly in degrees Fahrenheit
n Linear +10.0 mV/˚F scale factor
n 1.0˚F accuracy guaranteed (at +77˚F)
n Rated for full −50˚ to +300˚F range
n Suitable for remote applications
n Low cost due to wafer-level trimming
n Operates from 5 to 30 volts
scaling. The LM34 does not require any external calibration
1
±
or trimming to provide typical accuracies of
⁄
2
˚F at room
1
±
temperature and 1 ⁄ ˚F over a full −50 to +300˚F tempera-
2
ture range. Low cost is assured by trimming and calibration
at the wafer level. The LM34’s low output impedance, linear
output, and precise inherent calibration make interfacing to
readout or control circuitry especially easy. It can be used
with single power supplies or with plus and minus supplies.
As it draws only 75 µA from its supply, it has very low
self-heating, less than 0.2˚F in still air. The LM34 is rated to
operate over a −50˚ to +300˚F temperature range, while the
LM34C is rated for a −40˚ to +230˚F range (0˚F with im-
proved accuracy). The LM34 series is available packaged in
n Less than 90 µA current drain
n Low self-heating, 0.18˚F in still air
±
n Nonlinearity only 0.5˚F typical
n Low-impedance output, 0.4Ω for 1 mA load
Connection Diagrams
TO-46
Metal Can Package
TO-92
Plastic Package
SO-8
Small Outline
Molded Package
(Note 1)
DS006685-2
DS006685-1
Order Number LM34CZ,
LM34CAZ or LM34DZ
See NS Package
Order Numbers LM34H,
LM34AH, LM34CH,
LM34CAH or LM34DH
See NS Package
DS006685-20
=
N.C. No Connection
Number Z03A
Top View
Order Number LM34DM
Number H03H
See NS Package Number M08A
Note 1: Case is connected to negative pin (GND).
TRI-STATE® is a registered trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation.
© 1999 National Semiconductor Corporation
DS006685
www.national.com
Typical Applications
DS006685-3
FIGURE 1. Basic Fahrenheit Temperature Sensor
(+5˚ to +300˚F)
DS006685-4
FIGURE 2. Full-Range Fahrenheit Temperature Sensor
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2
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 11)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
TO-46 Package
(Soldering, 10 seconds)
TO-92 Package
+300˚C
+260˚C
(Soldering, 10 seconds)
SO Package (Note 13)
Vapor Phase (60 seconds)
Infrared (15 seconds)
Supply Voltage
+35V to −0.2V
+6V to −1.0V
10 mA
215˚C
220˚C
Output Voltage
Output Current
Specified Operating Temp. Range (Note 3)
Storage Temperature,
TO-46 Package
TO-92 Package
SO-8 Package
TMIN to TMAX
−50˚F to +300˚F
−40˚F to +230˚F
+32˚F to +212˚F
−76˚F to +356˚F
−76˚F to +300˚F
−65˚C to +150˚C
800V
LM34, LM34A
LM34C, LM34CA
LM34D
ESD Susceptibility (Note 12)
Lead Temp.
DC Electrical Characteristics (Notes 2, 7)
LM34A
LM34CA
Tested
Limit
Parameter
Conditions
Tested
Limit
Design
Limit
Design
Units
(Max)
Typical
Typical
Limit
(Note 5)
(Note 6)
(Note 5)
(Note 6)
=
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
Accuracy (Note 8)
TA +77˚F
0.4
0.6
0.8
0.8
1.0
0.4
0.6
0.8
0.8
1.0
˚F
˚F
=
±
TA 0˚F
2.0
=
±
±
±
TA TMAX
2.0
2.0
2.0
˚F
=
±
TA TMIN
3.0
˚F
±
±
±
±
Nonlinearity (Note 9)
Sensor Gain
TMIN ≤ TA ≤ TMAX
TMIN ≤ TA ≤ TMAX
0.35
0.7
0.30
0.6
˚F
+10.0
+9.9,
+10.0
+9.9,
mV/˚F, min
mV/˚F, max
mV/mA
mV/mA
(Average Slope)
Load Regulation
(Note 4)
+10.1
+10.1
=
±
±
±
±
TA +77˚F
0.4
1.0
0.4
1.0
±
±
±
±
±
±
TMIN ≤ TA ≤ TMAX
0 ≤ IL ≤ 1 mA
0.5
3.0
0.1
0.5
3.0
0.1
=
±
±
±
±
Line Regulation
(Note 4)
TA +77˚F
0.01
0.02
75
0.05
90
0.01
0.02
75
0.05
90
mV/V
mV/V
µA
±
±
5V ≤ VS ≤ 30V
=
VS +5V, +77˚F
Quiescent Current
(Note 10)
=
VS +5V
131
76
160
163
116
76
139
142
µA
=
VS +30V, +77˚F
92
92
µA
=
VS +30V
132
117
0.5
µA
Change of Quiescent
Current (Note 4)
4V ≤ VS ≤ 30V, +77˚F
5V ≤ VS ≤ 30V
+0.5
+1.0
+0.30
2.0
2.0
µA
3.0
1.0
3.0
µA
Temperature Coefficient
of Quiescent Current
Minimum Temperature
for Rated Accuracy
Long-Term Stability
+0.5
+0.30
+0.5
µA/˚F
In circuit of Figure 1,
+3.0
+5.0
+3.0
+5.0
˚F
˚F
=
=
IL
0
±
±
0.16
Tj TMAX
0.16
for 1000 hours
Note 2: Unless otherwise noted, these specifications apply: −50˚F ≤ T ≤ + 300˚F for the LM34 and LM34A; −40˚F ≤ T ≤ +230˚F for the LM34C and LM34CA; and
j
j
=
=
+32˚F ≤ T ≤ + 212˚F for the LM34D. V
+5 Vdc and I
50 µA in the circuit of Figure 2; +6 Vdc for LM34 and LM34A for 230˚F ≤ T ≤ 300˚F. These specifications
j
S
LOAD
j
also apply from +5˚F to T
MAX
in the circuit of Figure 1.
Note 3: Thermal resistance of the TO-46 package is 720˚F/W junction to ambient and 43˚F/W junction to case. Thermal resistance of the TO-92 package is 324˚F/W
junction to ambient. Thermal resistance of the small outline molded package is 400˚F/W junction to ambient. For additional thermal resistance information see table
in the Typical Applications section.
Note 4: Regulation is measured at constant junction temperature using pulse testing with a low duty cycle. Changes in output due to heating effects can be computed
by multiplying the internal dissipation by the thermal resistance.
Note 5: Tested limits are guaranteed and 100% tested in production.
Note 6: Design limits are guaranteed (but not 100% production tested) over the indicated temperature and supply voltage ranges. These limits are not used to cal-
culate outgoing quality levels.
Note 7: Specification in BOLDFACE TYPE apply over the full rated temperature range.
3
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DC Electrical Characteristics (Notes 2, 7) (Continued)
Note 8: Accuracy is defined as the error between the output voltage and 10 mV/˚F times the device’s case temperature at specified conditions of voltage, current,
and temperature (expressed in ˚F).
Note 9: Nonlinearity is defined as the deviation of the output-voltage-versus-temperature curve from the best-fit straight line over the device’s rated temperature
range.
Note 10: Quiescent current is defined in the circuit of Figure 1.
Note 11: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. DC and AC electrical specifications do not apply when operating
the device beyond its rated operating conditions (Note 2).
Note 12: Human body model, 100 pF discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor.
Note 13: See AN-450 “Surface Mounting Methods and Their Effect on Product Reliability” or the section titled “Surface Mount” found in a current National Semicon-
ductor Linear Data Book for other methods of soldering surface mount devices.
DC Electrical Characteristics (Notes 2, 7)
LM34
Tested
Limit
LM34C, LM34D
Parameter
Conditions
Design
Limit
Tested
Limit
Design
Limit
Units
(Max)
Typical
Typical
(Note 5)
(Note 6)
(Note 5) (Note 6)
=
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
Accuracy, LM34, LM34C TA +77˚F
0.8
1.0
1.6
1.6
2.0
0.8
1.0
1.6
1.6
1.2
1.8
1.8
0.4
2.0
˚F
=
±
±
±
(Note 8)
TA 0˚F
3.0
3.0
4.0
˚F
=
±
TA TMAX
3.0
˚F
=
±
TA TMIN
3.0
˚F
˚F
=
±
Accuracy, LM34D
(Note 8)
TA +77˚F
3.0
=
±
±
±
TA TMAX
4.0
4.0
1.0
˚F
=
TA TMIN
˚F
±
±
Nonlinearity (Note 9)
Sensor Gain
TMIN ≤ TA ≤ TMAX
TMIN ≤ TA ≤ TMAX
0.6
1.0
˚F
+10.0
+9.8,
+10.0
+9.8,
mV/˚F, min
mV/˚F, max
mV/mA
mV/mA
(Average Slope)
Load Regulation
(Note 4)
+10.2
+10.2
=
±
±
±
±
±
TA +77˚F
0.4
2.5
0.4
2.5
0.1
±
±
±
±
±
±
TMIN ≤ TA ≤ +150˚F
0 ≤ IL ≤ 1 mA
0.5
6.0
0.2
0.5
6.0
0.2
=
±
±
±
Line Regulation
(Note 4)
TA +77˚F
0.01
0.02
75
0.1
0.01
0.02
75
mV/V
mV/V
µA
±
±
5V ≤ VS ≤ 30V
=
Quiescent Current
(Note 10)
VS +5V, +77˚F
100
103
3.0
100
103
3.0
=
VS +5V
131
76
176
181
116
76
154
159
µA
=
VS +30V, +77˚F
µA
=
VS +30V
132
117
0.5
µA
Change of Quiescent
Current (Note 4)
4V ≤ VS ≤ 30V, +77˚F
5V ≤ VS ≤ 30V
+0.5
+1.0
+0.30
µA
5.0
1.0
5.0
µA
Temperature Coefficient
of Quiescent Current
Minimum Temperature
for Rated Accuracy
Long-Term Stability
+0.7
+0.30
+0.7
µA/˚F
In circuit of Figure 1,
+3.0
+5.0
+3.0
+5.0
˚F
˚F
=
=
IL
0
±
±
0.16
Tj TMAX
0.16
for 1000 hours
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4
Typical Performance Characteristics
Thermal Resistance
Junction to Air
Thermal Response in
Still Air
Thermal Time Constant
DS006685-23
DS006685-24
DS006685-22
Thermal Response in
Stirred Oil Bath
Minimum Supply Voltage
vs. Temperature
Quiescent Current vs.
Temperature
(In Circuit of Figure 1)
DS006685-25
DS006685-26
DS006685-27
Quiescent Current vs. Temp-
erature (In Circuit of Figure 2;
Accuracy vs. Temperature
(Guaranteed)
Accuracy vs. Temperature
(Guaranteed)
=
=
−VS −5V, R1 100k)
DS006685-29
DS006685-30
DS006685-28
5
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
Noise Voltage
Start-Up Response
DS006685-31
DS006685-32
and speed up the response in slowly-moving air. On the
other hand, a small thermal mass may be added to the sen-
sor to give the steadiest reading despite small deviations in
the air temperature.
Typical Applications
The LM34 can be applied easily in the same way as other
integrated-circuit temperature sensors. It can be glued or ce-
mented to a surface and its temperature will be within about
0.02˚F of the surface temperature. This presumes that the
ambient air temperature is almost the same as the surface
temperature; if the air temperature were much higher or
lower than the surface temperature, the actual temperature
of the LM34 die would be at an intermediate temperature be-
tween the surface temperature and the air temperature. This
is expecially true for the TO-92 plastic package, where the
copper leads are the principal thermal path to carry heat into
the device, so its temperature might be closer to the air tem-
perature than to the surface temperature.
Capacitive Loads
Like most micropower circuits, the LM34 has a limited ability
to drive heavy capacitive loads. The LM34 by itself is able to
drive 50 pF without special precautions. If heavier loads are
anticipated, it is easy to isolate or decouple the load with a
resistor; see Figure 3. Or you can improve the tolerance of
capacitance with
a series R-C damper from output to
ground; see Figure 4. When the LM34 is applied with a 499Ω
load resistor (as shown), it is relatively immune to wiring ca-
pacitance because the capacitance forms a bypass from
ground to input, not on the output. However, as with any lin-
ear circuit connected to wires in a hostile environment, its
performance can be affected adversely by intense electro-
magnetic sources such as relays, radio transmitters, motors
with arcing brushes, SCR’s transients, etc., as its wiring can
act as a receiving antenna and its internal junctions can act
as rectifiers. For best results in such cases, a bypass capaci-
tor from VIN to ground and a series R-C damper such as 75Ω
in series with 0.2 or 1 µF from output to ground are often
useful. These are shown in the following circuits.
To minimize this problem, be sure that the wiring to the
LM34, as it leaves the device, is held at the same tempera-
ture as the surface of interest. The easiest way to do this is
to cover up these wires with a bead of epoxy which will in-
sure that the leads and wires are all at the same temperature
as the surface, and that the LM34 die’s temperature will not
be affected by the air temperature.
The TO-46 metal package can also be soldered to a metal
surface or pipe without damage. Of course in that case, the
V
− terminal of the circuit will be grounded to that metal. Alter-
natively, the LM34 can be mounted inside a sealed-end
metal tube, and can then be dipped into a bath or screwed
into a threaded hole in a tank. As with any IC, the LM34 and
accompanying wiring and circuits must be kept insulated and
dry, to avoid leakage and corrosion. This is especially true if
the circuit may operate at cold temperatures where conden-
sation can occur. Printed-circuit coatings and varnishes such
as Humiseal and epoxy paints or dips are often used to in-
sure that moisture cannot corrode the LM34 or its connec-
tions.
DS006685-6
These devices are sometimes soldered to
a small,
light-weight heat fin to decrease the thermal time constant
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6
Typical Applications
DS006685-7
FIGURE 3. LM34 with Decoupling from Capacitive Load
DS006685-8
FIGURE 4. LM34 with R-C Damper
Temperature Rise of LM34 Due to Self-Heating (Thermal Resistance)
Conditions
TO-46,
No Heat
Sink
TO-46,
Small Heat Fin
(Note 14)
180˚F/W
TO-92,
No Heat
Sink
TO-92,
Small Heat Fin
(Note 15)
252˚F/W
SO-8
No Heat
Sink
SO-8
Small Heat Fin
(Note 15)
Still air
720˚F/W
180˚F/W
180˚F/W
90˚F/W
324˚F/W
162˚F/W
162˚F/W
81˚F/W
400˚F/W
190˚F/W
200˚F/W
Moving air
72˚F/W
126˚F/W
160˚F/W
Still oil
72˚F/W
126˚F/W
Stirred oil
54˚F/W
72˚F/W
(Clamped to metal,
infinite heat sink)
(43˚F/W)
(95˚F/W)
Note 14: Wakefield type 201 or 1" disc of 0.020" sheet brass, soldered to case, or similar.
Note 15: TO-92 and SO-8 packages glued and leads soldered to 1" square of 1/16" printed circuit board with 2 oz copper foil, or similar.
Two-Wire Remote Temperature Sensor
(Grounded Sensor)
Two-Wire Remote Temperature Sensor
(Output Referred to Ground)
DS006685-9
DS006685-10
=
V
10mV/˚F (T +3˚F)
A
OUT
FROM +3˚F TO + 100˚F
7
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Typical Applications (Continued)
4-to-20 mA Current Source
(0 to +100˚F)
Fahrenheit Thermometer
(Analog Meter)
DS006685-12
DS006685-11
Expanded Scale Thermometer
(50˚ to 80˚ Fahrenheit, for Example Shown)
Temperature-to-Digital Converter
(Serial Output, +128˚F Full Scale)
DS006685-14
DS006685-13
LM34 with Voltage-to-Frequency Converter and Isolated Output
(3˚F to + 300˚F; 30 Hz to 3000 Hz)
DS006685-15
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8
Typical Applications (Continued)
Bar-Graph Temperature Display
(Dot Mode)
DS006685-16
=
*
1
%
or 2 film resistor
%
=
=
=
— Trim R for V
3.525V
2.725V
B
B
— Trim R for V
C
C
— Trim R for V
0.085V + 40 mV/˚F x T
AMBIENT
A
A
=
— Example, V
3.285V at 80˚F
A
Temperature-to-Digital Converter
(Parallel TRI-STATE® Outputs for Standard Data Bus to µP Interface, 128 ˚F Full Scale)
DS006685-17
9
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Typical Applications (Continued)
Temperature Controller
DS006685-18
Block Diagram
DS006685-19
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10
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
Order Number LM34H, LM34AH, LM34CH,
LM34CAH or LM34DH
NS Package H03H
Order Number LM34DM
NS Package Number M08A
11
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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
Order Number LM34CZ, LM34CAZ or LM34DZ
NS Package Z03A
LIFE SUPPORT POLICY
NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT
DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL
COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein:
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or
systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant
into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and
whose failure to perform when properly used in
accordance with instructions for use provided in the
labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a
significant injury to the user.
2. A critical component is any component of a life
support device or system whose failure to perform
can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of
the life support device or system, or to affect its
safety or effectiveness.
National Semiconductor
Corporation
Americas
Tel: 1-800-272-9959
Fax: 1-800-737-7018
Email: support@nsc.com
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Europe
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National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.
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