LM2576-3.3MWC [NSC]

IC 7.5 A SWITCHING REGULATOR, 63 kHz SWITCHING FREQ-MAX, UUC, WAFER, Switching Regulator or Controller;
LM2576-3.3MWC
型号: LM2576-3.3MWC
厂家: National Semiconductor    National Semiconductor
描述:

IC 7.5 A SWITCHING REGULATOR, 63 kHz SWITCHING FREQ-MAX, UUC, WAFER, Switching Regulator or Controller

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National Semiconductor is now part of  
Texas Instruments.  
Search http://www.ti.com/ for the latest technical  
information and details on our current products and services.  
June 1999  
LM2576/LM2576HV Series  
SIMPLE SWITCHER® 3A Step-Down Voltage Regulator  
General Description  
Features  
n 3.3V, 5V, 12V, 15V, and adjustable output versions  
The LM2576 series of regulators are monolithic integrated  
circuits that provide all the active functions for a step-down  
(buck) switching regulator, capable of driving 3A load with  
excellent line and load regulation. These devices are avail-  
able in fixed output voltages of 3.3V, 5V, 12V, 15V, and an  
adjustable output version.  
n Adjustable version output voltage range,  
1.23V to 37V (57V for HV version) 4% max over  
line and load conditions  
n Guaranteed 3A output current  
n Wide input voltage range, 40V up to 60V for  
HV version  
n Requires only 4 external components  
n 52 kHz fixed frequency internal oscillator  
n TTL shutdown capability, low power standby mode  
n High efficiency  
n Uses readily available standard inductors  
n Thermal shutdown and current limit protection  
n P+ Product Enhancement tested  
±
Requiring a minimum number of external components, these  
regulators are simple to use and include internal frequency  
compensation and a fixed-frequency oscillator.  
The LM2576 series offers a high-efficiency replacement for  
popular three-terminal linear regulators. It substantially re-  
duces the size of the heat sink, and in some cases no heat  
sink is required.  
A standard series of inductors optimized for use with the  
LM2576 are available from several different manufacturers.  
This feature greatly simplifies the design of switch-mode  
power supplies.  
Applications  
n Simple high-efficiency step-down (buck) regulator  
n Efficient pre-regulator for linear regulators  
n On-card switching regulators  
±
Other features include a guaranteed 4% tolerance on out-  
put voltage within specified input voltages and output load  
±
conditions, and 10% on the oscillator frequency. External  
shutdown is included, featuring 50 µA (typical) standby cur-  
rent. The output switch includes cycle-by-cycle current limit-  
ing, as well as thermal shutdown for full protection under  
fault conditions.  
n Positive to negative converter (Buck-Boost)  
Typical Application (Fixed Output Voltage Versions)  
DS011476-1  
FIGURE 1.  
SIMPLE SWITCHER® is a registered trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation.  
© 1999 National Semiconductor Corporation  
DS011476  
www.national.com  
Block Diagram  
DS011476-2  
=
3.3V R2 1.7k  
=
5V, R2 3.1k  
=
12V, R2 8.84k  
=
15V, R2 11.3k  
For ADJ. Version  
=
=
R1 Open, R2 0  
Patent Pending  
Ordering Information  
Temperature  
Output Voltage  
12  
NS Package  
Number  
TS5B  
Package  
Range  
Type  
3.3  
5.0  
15  
ADJ  
−40˚C TA  
125˚C  
LM2576HVS-3.3  
LM2576S-3.3  
LM2576HVSX-3.3  
LM2576SX-3.3  
LM2576HVT-3.3  
LM2576T-3.3  
LM2576HVT-3.3  
Flow LB03  
LM2576HVS-5.0  
LM2576S-5.0  
LM2576HVSX-5.0  
LM2576SX-5.0  
LM2576HVT-5.0  
LM2576T-5.0  
LM2576HVT-5.0  
Flow LB03  
LM2576HVS-12  
LM2576S-12  
LM2576HVSX-12  
LM2576SX-12  
LM2576HVT-12  
LM2576T-12  
LM2576HVT-12  
Flow LB03  
LM2576HVS-15  
LM2576S-15  
LM2576HVSX-15  
LM2576SX-15  
LM2576HVT-15  
LM2576T-15  
LM2576HVT-15  
Flow LB03  
LM2576HVS-ADJ  
LM2576S-ADJ  
LM2576HVSX-ADJ  
LM2576SX-ADJ  
LM2576HVT-ADJ  
LM2576T-ADJ  
LM2576HVT-ADJ  
Flow LB03  
TO-263  
TS5B  
Tape & Reel  
T05A  
T05D  
TO-220  
LM2576T-3.3  
Flow LB03  
LM2576T-5.0  
Flow LB03  
LM2576T-12  
Flow LB03  
LM2576T-15  
Flow LB03  
LM2576T-ADJ  
Flow LB03  
www.national.com  
2
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)  
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,  
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/  
Distributors for availability and specifications.  
Minimum ESD Rating  
=
=
(C 100 pF, R 1.5 k)  
Lead Temperature  
2 kV  
(Soldering, 10 Seconds)  
260˚C  
Maximum Supply Voltage  
Operating Ratings  
LM2576  
45V  
63V  
LM2576HV  
Temperature Range  
LM2576/LM2576HV  
Supply Voltage  
LM2576  
ON /OFF Pin Input Voltage  
Output Voltage to Ground  
(Steady State)  
−0.3V V +VIN  
−40˚C TJ +125˚C  
−1V  
Internally Limited  
−65˚C to +150˚C  
150˚C  
40V  
60V  
Power Dissipation  
LM2576HV  
Storage Temperature Range  
Maximum Junction Temperature  
LM2576-3.3, LM2576HV-3.3  
Electrical Characteristics  
=
Specifications with standard type face are for TJ 25˚C, and those with boldface type apply over full Operating Temperature  
Range.  
Symbol  
Parameter  
Conditions  
LM2576-3.3  
Units  
(Limits)  
LM2576HV-3.3  
Typ  
3.3  
3.3  
3.3  
75  
Limit  
(Note 2)  
SYSTEM PARAMETERS (Note 3) Test Circuit Figure 2  
=
=
VOUT  
VOUT  
VOUT  
η
Output Voltage  
VIN 12V, ILOAD 0.5A  
V
Circuit of Figure 2  
3.234  
3.366  
V(Min)  
V(Max)  
V
Output Voltage  
LM2576  
6V VIN 40V, 0.5A ILOAD 3A  
Circuit of Figure 2  
3.168/3.135  
3.432/3.465  
V(Min)  
V(Max)  
V
Output Voltage  
LM2576HV  
6V VIN 60V, 0.5A ILOAD 3A  
Circuit of Figure 2  
3.168/3.135  
3.450/3.482  
V(Min)  
V(Max)  
%
= =  
VIN 12V, ILOAD 3A  
Efficiency  
LM2576-5.0, LM2576HV-5.0  
Electrical Characteristics  
=
Specifications with standard type face are for TJ 25˚C, and those with Figure 2 boldface type apply over full Operating  
Temperature Range.  
Symbol  
Parameter  
Conditions  
LM2576-5.0  
Units  
(Limits)  
LM2576HV-5.0  
Typ  
5.0  
5.0  
5.0  
77  
Limit  
(Note 2)  
SYSTEM PARAMETERS (Note 3) Test Circuit Figure 2  
=
=
VOUT  
VOUT  
VOUT  
η
Output Voltage  
VIN 12V, ILOAD 0.5A  
V
Circuit of Figure 2  
4.900  
5.100  
V(Min)  
V(Max)  
V
Output Voltage  
LM2576  
0.5A ILOAD 3A,  
8V VIN 40V  
4.800/4.750  
5.200/5.250  
V(Min)  
V(Max)  
V
Circuit of Figure 2  
0.5A ILOAD 3A,  
8V VIN 60V  
Output Voltage  
LM2576HV  
4.800/4.750  
5.225/5.275  
V(Min)  
V(Max)  
%
Circuit of Figure 2  
= =  
VIN 12V, ILOAD 3A  
Efficiency  
3
www.national.com  
LM2576-12, LM2576HV-12  
Electrical Characteristics  
=
Specifications with standard type face are for TJ 25˚C, and those with boldface type apply over full Operating Temperature  
Range.  
Symbol  
Parameter  
Conditions  
LM2576-12  
Units  
(Limits)  
LM2576HV-12  
Typ  
12  
Limit  
(Note 2)  
SYSTEM PARAMETERS (Note 3) Test Circuit Figure 2  
=
=
VOUT  
VOUT  
VOUT  
η
Output Voltage  
VIN 25V, ILOAD 0.5A  
V
Circuit of Figure 2  
11.76  
12.24  
V(Min)  
V(Max)  
V
Output Voltage  
LM2576  
0.5A ILOAD 3A,  
15V VIN 40V  
Circuit of Figure 2  
0.5A ILOAD 3A,  
15V VIN 60V  
Circuit of Figure 2  
12  
11.52/11.40  
12.48/12.60  
V(Min)  
V(Max)  
V
Output Voltage  
LM2576HV  
12  
11.52/11.40  
12.54/12.66  
V(Min)  
V(Max)  
%
=
=
Efficiency  
VIN 15V, ILOAD 3A  
88  
LM2576-15, LM2576HV-15  
Electrical Characteristics  
=
Specifications with standard type face are for TJ 25˚C, and those with boldface type apply over full Operating Temperature  
Range.  
Symbol  
Parameter  
Conditions  
LM2576-15  
Units  
(Limits)  
LM2576HV-15  
Typ  
15  
Limit  
(Note 2)  
SYSTEM PARAMETERS (Note 3) Test Circuit Figure 2  
=
=
VOUT  
VOUT  
VOUT  
η
Output Voltage  
VIN 25V, ILOAD 0.5A  
V
Circuit of Figure 2  
14.70  
15.30  
V(Min)  
V(Max)  
V
Output Voltage  
LM2576  
0.5A ILOAD 3A,  
18V VIN 40V  
Circuit of Figure 2  
0.5A ILOAD 3A,  
18V VIN 60V  
Circuit of Figure 2  
15  
14.40/14.25  
15.60/15.75  
V(Min)  
V(Max)  
V
Output Voltage  
LM2576HV  
15  
14.40/14.25  
15.68/15.83  
V(Min)  
V(Max)  
%
=
=
Efficiency  
VIN 18V, ILOAD 3A  
88  
LM2576-ADJ, LM2576HV-ADJ  
Electrical Characteristics  
=
Specifications with standard type face are for TJ 25˚C, and those with boldface type apply over full Operating Temperature  
Range.  
Symbol  
Parameter  
Conditions  
LM2576-ADJ  
Units  
(Limits)  
LM2576HV-ADJ  
Typ  
Limit  
(Note 2)  
SYSTEM PARAMETERS (Note 3) Test Circuit Figure 2  
=
=
VOUT  
Feedback Voltage  
VIN 12V, ILOAD 0.5A  
1.230  
V
=
VOUT 5V,  
1.217  
1.243  
V(Min)  
V(Max)  
Circuit of Figure 2  
www.national.com  
4
LM2576-ADJ, LM2576HV-ADJ  
Electrical Characteristics (Continued)  
=
Specifications with standard type face are for TJ 25˚C, and those with boldface type apply over full Operating Temperature  
Range.  
Symbol  
Parameter  
Conditions  
LM2576-ADJ  
Units  
(Limits)  
LM2576HV-ADJ  
Typ  
1.230  
1.230  
77  
Limit  
(Note 2)  
SYSTEM PARAMETERS (Note 3) Test Circuit Figure 2  
VOUT  
VOUT  
η
Feedback Voltage  
LM2576  
0.5A ILOAD 3A,  
8V VIN 40V  
V
1.193/1.180  
1.267/1.280  
V(Min)  
V(Max)  
V
=
VOUT 5V, Circuit of Figure 2  
Feedback Voltage  
LM2576HV  
0.5A ILOAD 3A,  
8V VIN 60V  
1.193/1.180  
1.273/1.286  
V(Min)  
V(Max)  
%
=
VOUT 5V, Circuit of Figure 2  
= = =  
VIN 12V, ILOAD 3A, VOUT 5V  
Efficiency  
All Output Voltage Versions  
Electrical Characteristics  
=
Specifications with standard type face are for TJ 25˚C, and those with boldface type apply over full Operating Temperature  
=
=
Range. Unless otherwise specified, VIN 12V for the 3.3V, 5V, and Adjustable version, VIN 25V for the 12V version, and  
=
=
VIN 30V for the 15V version. ILOAD 500 mA.  
Symbol Parameter  
Conditions  
LM2576-XX  
Units  
(Limits)  
LM2576HV-XX  
Typ  
Limit  
(Note 2)  
DEVICE PARAMETERS  
=
Ib  
Feedback Bias Current  
VOUT 5V (Adjustable Version Only)  
50  
52  
100/500  
nA  
fO  
Oscillator Frequency  
(Note 11)  
kHz  
47/42  
58/63  
kHz  
(Min)  
kHz  
(Max)  
=
VSAT  
DC  
Saturation Voltage  
Max Duty Cycle (ON)  
Current Limit  
IOUT 3A (Note 4)  
1.4  
98  
V
V(Max)  
%
1.8/2.0  
(Note 5)  
93  
%(Min)  
A
ICL  
(Notes 4, 11)  
5.8  
4.2/3.5  
6.9/7.5  
2
A(Min)  
A(Max)  
mA(Max)  
mA  
=
(Notes 6, 7): Output 0V  
IL  
Output Leakage Current  
Quiescent Current  
=
Output −1V  
7.5  
5
=
Output −1V  
30  
10  
mA(Max)  
mA  
IQ  
(Note 6)  
mA(Max)  
µA  
=
ISTBY  
Standby Quiescent  
Current  
ON /OFF Pin 5V (OFF)  
50  
200  
µA(Max)  
θJA  
θJA  
θJC  
θJA  
Thermal Resistance  
T Package, Junction to Ambient (Note 8)  
T Package, Junction to Ambient (Note 9)  
T Package, Junction to Case  
65  
45  
2
˚C/W  
S Package, Junction to Ambient (Note 10)  
50  
5
www.national.com  
All Output Voltage Versions  
Electrical Characteristics (Continued)  
=
Specifications with standard type face are for TJ 25˚C, and those with boldface type apply over full Operating Temperature  
=
=
Range. Unless otherwise specified, VIN 12V for the 3.3V, 5V, and Adjustable version, VIN 25V for the 12V version, and  
=
=
VIN 30V for the 15V version. ILOAD 500 mA.  
Symbol Parameter  
Conditions  
LM2576-XX  
Units  
(Limits)  
LM2576HV-XX  
Typ  
Limit  
(Note 2)  
ON /OFF CONTROL Test Circuit Figure 2  
=
VIH  
VIL  
IIH  
ON /OFF Pin  
Logic Input Level  
ON /OFF Pin Input  
Current  
VOUT 0V  
1.4  
1.2  
12  
2.2/2.4  
1.0/0.8  
V(Min)  
V(Max)  
µA  
=
VOUT Nominal Output Voltage  
=
ON /OFF Pin 5V (OFF)  
30  
10  
µA(Max)  
µA  
=
IIL  
ON /OFF Pin 0V (ON)  
0
µA(Max)  
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is in-  
tended to be functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics.  
Note 2: All limits guaranteed at room temperature (standard type face) and at temperature extremes (bold type face). All room temperature limits are 100% produc-  
tion tested. All limits at temperature extremes are guaranteed via correlation using standard Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods.  
Note 3: External components such as the catch diode, inductor, input and output capacitors can affect switching regulator system performance. When the LM2576/  
LM2576HV is used as shown in the Figure 2 test circuit, system performance will be as shown in system parameters section of Electrical Characteristics.  
Note 4: Output pin sourcing current. No diode, inductor or capacitor connected to output.  
Note 5: Feedback pin removed from output and connected to 0V.  
Note 6: Feedback pin removed from output and connected to +12V for the Adjustable, 3.3V, and 5V versions, and +25V for the 12V and 15V versions, to force the  
output transistor OFF.  
=
40V (60V for high voltage version).  
Note 7:  
V
IN  
Note 8: Junction to ambient thermal resistance (no external heat sink) for the 5 lead TO-220 package mounted vertically, with 1  
2  
inch leads in a socket, or on a PC  
board with minimum copper area.  
Note 9: Junction to ambient thermal resistance (no external heat sink) for the 5 lead TO-220 package mounted vertically, with 14 inch leads soldered to a PC board  
containing approximately 4 square inches of copper area surrounding the leads.  
Note 10: If the TO-263 package is used, the thermal resistance can be reduced by increasing the PC board copper area thermally connected to the package. Using  
0.5 square inches of copper area, θ is 50˚C/W, with 1 square inch of copper area, θ is 37˚C/W, and with 1.6 or more square inches of copper area, θ is 32˚C/W.  
J
A
J
A
J
A
Note 11: The oscillator frequency reduces to approximately 11 kHz in the event of an output short or an overload which causes the regulated output voltage to drop  
approximately 40% from the nominal output voltage. This self protection feature lowers the average power dissipation of the IC by lowering the minimum duty cycle  
from 5% down to approximately 2%.  
Typical Performance Characteristics (Circuit of Figure 2)  
Normalized Output Voltage  
Line Regulation  
Dropout Voltage  
DS011476-29  
DS011476-27  
DS011476-28  
www.national.com  
6
Typical Performance Characteristics (Circuit of Figure 2) (Continued)  
Current Limit  
Quiescent Current  
Standby  
Quiescent Current  
DS011476-30  
DS011476-31  
DS011476-32  
Oscillator Frequency  
Switch Saturation  
Voltage  
Efficiency  
DS011476-35  
DS011476-33  
DS011476-34  
Minimum Operating Voltage  
Quiescent Current  
vs Duty Cycle  
Feedback Voltage  
vs Duty Cycle  
DS011476-36  
DS011476-37  
DS011476-38  
7
www.national.com  
Typical Performance Characteristics (Circuit of Figure 2) (Continued)  
Feedback Pin Current  
Maximum Power Dissipation  
(TO-263) (See Note 10)  
DS011476-4  
DS011476-24  
Switching Waveforms  
Load Transient Response  
DS011476-5  
DS011476-6  
=
V
OUT  
15V  
A: Output Pin Voltage, 50V/div  
B: Output Pin Current, 2A/div  
C: Inductor Current, 2A/div  
D: Output Ripple Voltage, 50 mV/div,  
AC-Coupled  
Horizontal Time Base: 5 µs/div  
www.national.com  
8
Test Circuit and Layout Guidelines  
As in any switching regulator, layout is very important. Rap-  
idly switching currents associated with wiring inductance  
generate voltage transients which can cause problems. For  
minimal inductance and ground loops, the length of the leads  
indicated by heavy lines should be kept as short as possible.  
Single-point grounding (as indicated) or ground plane con-  
struction should be used for best results. When using the Ad-  
justable version, physically locate the programming resistors  
near the regulator, to keep the sensitive feedback wiring  
short.  
Fixed Output Voltage Versions  
DS011476-7  
C
C
D
100 µF, 75V, Aluminum Electrolytic  
1000 µF, 25V, Aluminum Electrolytic  
Schottky, MBR360  
IN  
OUT  
1
L
R
R
100 µH, Pulse Eng. PE-92108  
2k, 0.1%  
6.12k, 0.1%  
1
1
2
Adjustable Output Voltage Version  
DS011476-8  
=
where V  
REF  
1.23V, R1 between 1k and 5k.  
FIGURE 2.  
9
www.national.com  
LM2576 Series Buck Regulator Design Procedure  
PROCEDURE (Fixed Output Voltage Versions)  
EXAMPLE (Fixed Output Voltage Versions)  
Given:  
Given:  
=
=
VOUT 5V  
VOUT Regulated Output Voltage  
=
VIN(Max) 15V  
(3.3V, 5V, 12V, or 15V)  
=
=
VIN(Max) Maximum Input Voltage  
ILOAD(Max) 3A  
=
ILOAD(Max) Maximum Load Current  
1. Inductor Selection (L1)  
1. Inductor Selection (L1)  
A. Select the correct Inductor value selection guide from  
Figures 3, 4, 5 or Figure 6. (Output voltages of 3.3V, 5V,  
12V or 15V respectively). For other output voltages, see  
the design procedure for the adjustable version.  
A. Use the selection guide shown in Figure 4.  
B. From the selection guide, the inductance area inter-  
sected by the 15V line and 3A line is L100.  
C. Inductor value required is 100 µH. From the table in  
Figure 3. Choose AIE 415-0930, Pulse Engineering  
PE92108, or Renco RL2444.  
B. From the inductor value selection guide, identify the in-  
ductance region intersected by VIN(Max) and ILOAD(Max),  
and note the inductor code for that region.  
C. Identify the inductor value from the inductor code, and  
select an appropriate inductor from the table shown in  
Figure 3. Part numbers are listed for three inductor manu-  
facturers. The inductor chosen must be rated for opera-  
tion at the LM2576 switching frequency (52 kHz) and for a  
current rating of 1.15 x ILOAD. For additional inductor in-  
formation, see the inductor section in the Application  
Hints section of this data sheet.  
2. Output Capacitor Selection (COUT  
)
2. Output Capacitor Selection (COUT)  
=
A. The value of the output capacitor together with the in-  
ductor defines the dominate pole-pair of the switching  
regulator loop. For stable operation and an acceptable  
output ripple voltage, (approximately 1% of the output  
voltage) a value between 100 µF and 470 µF is recom-  
mended.  
A. COUT 680 µF to 2000 µF standard aluminum electro-  
lytic.  
=
B.Capacitor voltage rating 20V.  
B. The capacitor’s voltage rating should be at least 1.5  
times greater than the output voltage. For a 5V regulator,  
a rating of at least 8V is appropriate, and a 10V or 15V  
rating is recommended.  
Higher voltage electrolytic capacitors generally have  
lower ESR numbers, and for this reason it may be neces-  
sary to select a capacitor rated for a higher voltage than  
would normally be needed.  
3. Catch Diode Selection (D1)  
3. Catch Diode Selection (D1)  
A.The catch-diode current rating must be at least 1.2  
times greater than the maximum load current. Also, if the  
power supply design must withstand a continuous output  
short, the diode should have a current rating equal to the  
maximum current limit of the LM2576. The most stressful  
condition for this diode is an overload or shorted output  
condition.  
A.For this example, a 3A current rating is adequate.  
B. Use a 20V 1N5823 or SR302 Schottky diode, or any of  
the suggested fast-recovery diodes shown in Figure 8.  
B. The reverse voltage rating of the diode should be at  
least 1.25 times the maximum input voltage.  
4. Input Capacitor (CIN  
)
4. Input Capacitor (CIN)  
An aluminum or tantalum electrolytic bypass capacitor lo-  
cated close to the regulator is needed for stable opera-  
tion.  
A 100 µF, 25V aluminum electrolytic capacitor located  
near the input and ground pins provides sufficient  
bypassing.  
www.national.com  
10  
LM2576 Series Buck Regulator Design Procedure (Continued)  
INDUCTOR VALUE SELECTION GUIDES (For Continuous Mode Operation)  
DS011476-9  
FIGURE 3. LM2576(HV)-3.3  
DS011476-11  
FIGURE 5. LM2576(HV)-12  
DS011476-10  
FIGURE 4. LM2576(HV)-5.0  
DS011476-12  
FIGURE 6. LM2576(HV)-15  
11  
www.national.com  
LM2576 Series Buck Regulator Design Procedure (Continued)  
DS011476-13  
FIGURE 7. LM2576(HV)-ADJ  
PROCEDURE (Adjustable Output Voltage Versions)  
Given:  
EXAMPLE (Adjustable Output Voltage Versions)  
Given:  
=
=
VOUT 10V  
VOUT Regulated Output Voltage  
=
=
VIN(Max) 25V  
VIN(Max) Maximum Input Voltage  
=
=
ILOAD(Max) 3A  
ILOAD(Max) Maximum Load Current  
=
=
F
Switching Frequency (Fixed at 52 kHz)  
F
52 kHz  
1. Programming Output Voltage (Selecting R1 and R2,  
1. Programming Output Voltage (Selecting R1 and R2)  
as shown in Figure 2)  
Use the following formula to select the appropriate resis-  
tor values.  
=
=
R2 1k (8.13 − 1) 7.13k, closest 1% value is 7.15k  
R1 can be between 1k and 5k. (For best temperature co-  
efficient and stability with time, use 1% metal film resis-  
tors)  
www.national.com  
12  
LM2576 Series Buck Regulator Design Procedure (Continued)  
PROCEDURE (Adjustable Output Voltage Versions)  
EXAMPLE (Adjustable Output Voltage Versions)  
2. Inductor Selection (L1)  
2. Inductor Selection (L1)  
A. Calculate the inductor Volt microsecond constant,  
A. Calculate E T (V µs)  
E
T
(V  
µs), from the following formula:  
=
B. E T 115 V µs  
B. Use the E T value from the previous formula and  
match it with the E T number on the vertical axis of the  
Inductor Value Selection Guide shown in Figure 7.  
=
C. ILOAD(Max) 3A  
D. Inductance Region H150  
=
=
E. Inductor Value  
#415-0936 Pulse Engineering part #PE-531115, or  
Renco part #RL2445.  
150 µH Choose from AIE part  
C. On the horizontal axis, select the maximum load cur-  
rent.  
D. Identify the inductance region intersected by the E T  
value and the maximum load current value, and note the  
inductor code for that region.  
E. Identify the inductor value from the inductor code, and  
select an appropriate inductor from the table shown in  
Figure 9. Part numbers are listed for three inductor manu-  
facturers. The inductor chosen must be rated for opera-  
tion at the LM2576 switching frequency (52 kHz) and for a  
current rating of 1.15 x ILOAD. For additional inductor in-  
formation, see the inductor section in the application hints  
section of this data sheet.  
3. Output Capacitor Selection (COUT  
)
3. Output Capacitor Selection (COUT  
)
A. The value of the output capacitor together with the in-  
ductor defines the dominate pole-pair of the switching  
regulator loop. For stable operation, the capacitor must  
satisfy the following requirement:  
However, for acceptable output ripple voltage select  
COUT 680 µF  
=
COUT 680 µF electrolytic capacitor  
The above formula yields capacitor values between 10 µF  
and 2200 µF that will satisfy the loop requirements for  
stable operation. But to achieve an acceptable output  
ripple voltage, (approximately 1% of the output voltage)  
and transient response, the output capacitor may need to  
be several times larger than the above formula yields.  
B. The capacitor’s voltage rating should be at last 1.5  
times greater than the output voltage. For a 10V regulator,  
a rating of at least 15V or more is recommended. Higher  
voltage electrolytic capacitors generally have lower ESR  
numbers, and for this reason it may be necessary to se-  
lect a capacitor rate for a higher voltage than would nor-  
mally be needed.  
4. Catch Diode Selection (D1)  
4. Catch Diode Selection (D1)  
A. The catch-diode current rating must be at least 1.2  
times greater than the maximum load current. Also, if the  
power supply design must withstand a continuous output  
short, the diode should have a current rating equal to the  
maximum current limit of the LM2576. The most stressful  
condition for this diode is an overload or shorted output.  
See diode selection guide in Figure 8.  
A. For this example, a 3.3A current rating is adequate.  
B. Use a 30V 31DQ03 Schottky diode, or any of the sug-  
gested fast-recovery diodes in Figure 8.  
B. The reverse voltage rating of the diode should be at  
least 1.25 times the maximum input voltage.  
5. Input Capacitor (CIN  
)
5. Input Capacitor (CIN)  
An aluminum or tantalum electrolytic bypass capacitor lo-  
cated close to the regulator is needed for stable opera-  
tion.  
A 100 µF aluminum electrolytic capacitor located near the  
input and ground pins provides sufficient bypassing.  
13  
www.national.com  
LM2576 Series Buck Regulator Design Procedure (Continued)  
To further simplify the buck regulator design procedure, National Semiconductor is making available computer design software to  
be used with the SIMPLE SWITCHER line of switching regulators. Switchers Made Simple (Version 3.3) is available on a (31⁄  
")  
2
diskette for IBM compatible computers from a National Semiconductor sales office in your area.  
VR  
Schottky  
Fast Recovery  
4A–6A  
3A  
1N5820  
MBR320P  
SR302  
4A–6A  
1N5823  
3A  
20V  
30V  
40V  
1N5821  
MBR330  
31DQ03  
SR303  
50WQ03  
1N5824  
The following  
diodes are all  
rated to 100V  
The following  
diodes are all  
rated to 100V  
1N5822  
MBR340  
31DQ04  
SR304  
MBR340  
50WQ04  
1N5825  
50WF10  
MUR410  
HER602  
31DF1  
HER302  
50V  
60V  
MBR350  
31DQ05  
SR305  
50WQ05  
MBR360  
DQ06  
50WR06  
50SQ060  
SR306  
FIGURE 8. Diode Selection Guide  
Inductor  
Code  
Inductor  
Value  
Schott  
Pulse Eng.  
(Note 13)  
PE-53112  
PE-92114  
PE-92108  
PE-53113  
PE-52626  
PE-52627  
PE-53114  
PE-52629  
PE-53115  
PE-53116  
PE-53117  
PE-53118  
PE-53119  
PE-53120  
PE-53121  
PE-53122  
Renco  
(Note 14)  
RL2442  
RL2443  
RL2444  
RL1954  
RL1953  
RL1952  
RL1951  
RL1950  
RL2445  
RL2446  
RL2447  
RL1961  
RL1960  
RL1959  
RL1958  
RL2448  
(Note 12)  
L47  
47 µH  
671 26980  
671 26990  
671 27000  
671 27010  
671 27020  
671 27030  
671 27040  
671 27050  
671 27060  
671 27070  
671 27080  
671 27090  
671 27100  
671 27110  
671 27120  
671 27130  
L68  
68 µH  
100 µH  
150 µH  
220 µH  
330 µH  
470 µH  
680 µH  
150 µH  
220 µH  
330 µH  
470 µH  
680 µH  
L100  
L150  
L220  
L330  
L470  
L680  
H150  
H220  
H330  
H470  
H680  
H1000  
H1500  
H2200  
1000 µH  
1500 µH  
2200 µH  
Note 12: Schott Corporation, (612) 475-1173, 1000 Parkers Lake Road, Wayzata, MN 55391.  
Note 13: Pulse Engineering, (619) 674-8100, P.O. Box 12235, San Diego, CA 92112.  
Note 14: Renco Electronics Incorporated, (516) 586-5566, 60 Jeffryn Blvd. East, Deer Park, NY 11729.  
FIGURE 9. Inductor Selection by Manufacturer’s Part Number  
www.national.com  
14  
Application Hints  
INPUT CAPACITOR (CIN  
)
magnetic interference (EMI). This EMI can cause problems  
in sensitive circuits, or can give incorrect scope readings be-  
cause of induced voltages in the scope probe.  
To maintain stability, the regulator input pin must be by-  
passed with at least a 100 µF electrolytic capacitor. The ca-  
pacitor’s leads must be kept short, and located near the  
regulator.  
The inductors listed in the selection chart include ferrite pot  
core construction for AIE, powdered iron toroid for Pulse En-  
gineering, and ferrite bobbin core for Renco.  
If the operating temperature range includes temperatures  
below −25˚C, the input capacitor value may need to be  
larger. With most electrolytic capacitors, the capacitance  
value decreases and the ESR increases with lower tempera-  
tures and age. Paralleling a ceramic or solid tantalum ca-  
pacitor will increase the regulator stability at cold tempera-  
tures. For maximum capacitor operating lifetime, the  
capacitor’s RMS ripple current rating should be greater than  
An inductor should not be operated beyond its maximum  
rated current because it may saturate. When an inductor be-  
gins to saturate, the inductance decreases rapidly and the  
inductor begins to look mainly resistive (the DC resistance of  
the winding). This will cause the switch current to rise very  
rapidly. Different inductor types have different saturation  
characteristics, and this should be kept in mind when select-  
ing an inductor.  
The inductor manufacturer’s data sheets include current and  
energy limits to avoid inductor saturation.  
INDUCTOR RIPPLE CURRENT  
When the switcher is operating in the continuous mode, the  
inductor current waveform ranges from a triangular to a saw-  
tooth type of waveform (depending on the input voltage). For  
a given input voltage and output voltage, the peak-to-peak  
amplitude of this inductor current waveform remains con-  
stant. As the load current rises or falls, the entire sawtooth  
current waveform also rises or falls. The average DC value  
of this waveform is equal to the DC load current (in the buck  
regulator configuration).  
INDUCTOR SELECTION  
All switching regulators have two basic modes of operation:  
continuous and discontinuous. The difference between the  
two types relates to the inductor current, whether it is flowing  
continuously, or if it drops to zero for a period of time in the  
normal switching cycle. Each mode has distinctively different  
operating characteristics, which can affect the regulator per-  
formance and requirements.  
If the load current drops to a low enough level, the bottom of  
the sawtooth current waveform will reach zero, and the  
switcher will change to a discontinuous mode of operation.  
This is a perfectly acceptable mode of operation. Any buck  
switching regulator (no matter how large the inductor value  
is) will be forced to run discontinuous if the load current is  
light enough.  
The LM2576 (or any of the SIMPLE SWITCHER family) can  
be used for both continuous and discontinuous modes of op-  
eration.  
OUTPUT CAPACITOR  
The inductor value selection guides in Figure 3 through Fig-  
ure 7 were designed for buck regulator designs of the con-  
tinuous inductor current type. When using inductor values  
shown in the inductor selection guide, the peak-to-peak in-  
ductor ripple current will be approximately 20% to 30% of the  
maximum DC current. With relatively heavy load currents,  
the circuit operates in the continuous mode (inductor current  
always flowing), but under light load conditions, the circuit  
will be forced to the discontinuous mode (inductor current  
falls to zero for a period of time). This discontinuous mode of  
operation is perfectly acceptable. For light loads (less than  
approximately 300 mA) it may be desirable to operate the  
regulator in the discontinuous mode, primarily because of  
the lower inductor values required for the discontinuous  
mode.  
An output capacitor is required to filter the output voltage and  
is needed for loop stability. The capacitor should be located  
near the LM2576 using short pc board traces. Standard alu-  
minum electrolytics are usually adequate, but low ESR types  
are recommended for low output ripple voltage and good  
stability. The ESR of a capacitor depends on many factors,  
some which are: the value, the voltage rating, physical size  
and the type of construction. In general, low value or low  
voltage (less than 12V) electrolytic capacitors usually have  
higher ESR numbers.  
The amount of output ripple voltage is primarily a function of  
the ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) of the output ca-  
pacitor and the amplitude of the inductor ripple current  
(IIND). See the section on inductor ripple current in Applica-  
tion Hints.  
The selection guide chooses inductor values suitable for  
continuous mode operation, but if the inductor value chosen  
is prohibitively high, the designer should investigate the pos-  
sibility of discontinuous operation. The computer design soft-  
ware Switchers Made Simple will provide all component  
values for discontinuous (as well as continuous) mode of op-  
eration.  
The lower capacitor values (220 µF–1000 µF) will allow typi-  
cally 50 mV to 150 mV of output ripple voltage, while  
larger-value capacitors will reduce the ripple to approxi-  
mately 20 mV to 50 mV.  
=
Output Ripple Voltage (IIND) (ESR of COUT  
)
To further reduce the output ripple voltage, several standard  
electrolytic capacitors may be paralleled, or a higher-grade  
capacitor may be used. Such capacitors are often called  
“high-frequency,” “low-inductance,” or “low-ESR.” These will  
reduce the output ripple to 10 mV or 20 mV. However, when  
operating in the continuous mode, reducing the ESR below  
0.03can cause instability in the regulator.  
Inductors are available in different styles such as pot core,  
toriod, E-frame, bobbin core, etc., as well as different core  
materials, such as ferrites and powdered iron. The least ex-  
pensive, the bobbin core type, consists of wire wrapped on a  
ferrite rod core. This type of construction makes for an inex-  
pensive inductor, but since the magnetic flux is not com-  
pletely contained within the core, it generates more electro-  
15  
www.national.com  
GROUNDING  
Application Hints (Continued)  
To maintain output voltage stability, the power ground con-  
nections must be low-impedance (see Figure 2). For the  
5-lead TO-220 and TO-263 style package, both the tab and  
pin 3 are ground and either connection may be used, as they  
are both part of the same copper lead frame.  
Tantalum capacitors can have a very low ESR, and should  
be carefully evaluated if it is the only output capacitor. Be-  
cause of their good low temperature characteristics, a tanta-  
lum can be used in parallel with aluminum electrolytics, with  
the tantalum making up 10% or 20% of the total capacitance.  
HEAT SINK/THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS  
The capacitor’s ripple current rating at 52 kHz should be at  
least 50% higher than the peak-to-peak inductor ripple cur-  
rent.  
In many cases, only a small heat sink is required to keep the  
LM2576 junction temperature within the allowed operating  
range. For each application, to determine whether or not a  
heat sink will be required, the following must be identified:  
CATCH DIODE  
Buck regulators require a diode to provide a return path for  
the inductor current when the switch is off. This diode should  
be located close to the LM2576 using short leads and short  
printed circuit traces.  
1. Maximum ambient temperature (in the application).  
2. Maximum regulator power dissipation (in application).  
3. Maximum allowed junction temperature (125˚C for the  
LM2576). For a safe, conservative design, a tempera-  
ture approximately 15˚C cooler than the maximum tem-  
peratures should be selected.  
Because of their fast switching speed and low forward volt-  
age drop, Schottky diodes provide the best efficiency, espe-  
cially in low output voltage switching regulators (less than  
5V). Fast-Recovery, High-Efficiency, or Ultra-Fast Recovery  
diodes are also suitable, but some types with an abrupt  
turn-off characteristic may cause instability and EMI prob-  
lems. A fast-recovery diode with soft recovery characteristics  
is a better choice. Standard 60 Hz diodes (e.g., 1N4001 or  
1N5400, etc.) are also not suitable. See Figure 8 for Schot-  
tky and “soft” fast-recovery diode selection guide.  
4. LM2576 package thermal resistances θJA and θJC  
.
Total power dissipated by the LM2576 can be estimated as  
follows:  
=
PD (VIN)(IQ) + (VO/VIN)(ILOAD)(VSAT  
)
where IQ (quiescent current) and VSAT can be found in the  
Characteristic Curves shown previously, VIN is the applied  
minimum input voltage, VO is the regulated output voltage,  
and ILOAD is the load current. The dynamic losses during  
turn-on and turn-off are negligible if a Schottky type catch di-  
ode is used.  
OUTPUT VOLTAGE RIPPLE AND TRANSIENTS  
The output voltage of a switching power supply will contain a  
sawtooth ripple voltage at the switcher frequency, typically  
about 1% of the output voltage, and may also contain short  
voltage spikes at the peaks of the sawtooth waveform.  
When no heat sink is used, the junction temperature rise can  
be determined by the following:  
=
TJ (PD) (θJA  
)
The output ripple voltage is due mainly to the inductor saw-  
tooth ripple current multiplied by the ESR of the output ca-  
pacitor. (See the inductor selection in the application hints.)  
To arrive at the actual operating junction temperature, add  
the junction temperature rise to the maximum ambient tem-  
perature.  
The voltage spikes are present because of the the fast  
switching action of the output switch, and the parasitic induc-  
tance of the output filter capacitor. To minimize these voltage  
spikes, special low inductance capacitors can be used, and  
their lead lengths must be kept short. Wiring inductance,  
stray capacitance, as well as the scope probe used to evalu-  
ate these transients, all contribute to the amplitude of these  
spikes.  
=
TJ TJ + TA  
If the actual operating junction temperature is greater than  
the selected safe operating junction temperature determined  
in step 3, then a heat sink is required.  
When using a heat sink, the junction temperature rise can be  
determined by the following:  
=
TJ (PD) (θJC + θinterface + θHeat sink  
)
An additional small LC filter (20 µH & 100 µF) can be added  
to the output (as shown in Figure 15) to further reduce the  
amount of output ripple and transients. A 10 x reduction in  
output ripple voltage and transients is possible with this filter.  
The operating junction temperature will be:  
=
TJ TA + TJ  
As above, if the actual operating junction temperature is  
greater than the selected safe operating junction tempera-  
ture, then a larger heat sink is required (one that has a lower  
thermal resistance).  
FEEDBACK CONNECTION  
The LM2576 (fixed voltage versions) feedback pin must be  
wired to the output voltage point of the switching power sup-  
ply. When using the adjustable version, physically locate  
both output voltage programming resistors near the LM2576  
to avoid picking up unwanted noise. Avoid using resistors  
greater than 100 kbecause of the increased chance of  
noise pickup.  
Included on the Switcher Made Simple design software is a  
more precise (non-linear) thermal model that can be used to  
determine junction temperature with different input-output  
parameters or different component values. It can also calcu-  
late the heat sink thermal resistance required to maintain the  
regulators junction temperature below the maximum operat-  
ing temperature.  
ON /OFF INPUT  
For normal operation, the ON /OFF pin should be grounded  
or driven with a low-level TTL voltage (typically below 1.6V).  
To put the regulator into standby mode, drive this pin with a  
high-level TTL or CMOS signal. The ON /OFF pin can be  
safely pulled up to +VIN without a resistor in series with it.  
The ON /OFF pin should not be left open.  
Additional Applications  
INVERTING REGULATOR  
Figure 10 shows a LM2576-12 in a buck-boost configuration  
to generate a negative 12V output from a positive input volt-  
age. This circuit bootstraps the regulator’s ground pin to the  
www.national.com  
16  
Additional Applications (Continued)  
negative output voltage, then by grounding the feedback pin,  
the regulator senses the inverted output voltage and regu-  
lates it to −12V.  
For an input voltage of 12V or more, the maximum available  
output current in this configuration is approximately 700 mA.  
At lighter loads, the minimum input voltage required drops to  
approximately 4.7V.  
The switch currents in this buck-boost configuration are  
higher than in the standard buck-mode design, thus lowering  
the available output current. Also, the start-up input current  
of the buck-boost converter is higher than the standard  
buck-mode regulator, and this may overload an input power  
source with a current limit less than 5A. Using a delayed  
turn-on or an undervoltage lockout circuit (described in the  
next section) would allow the input voltage to rise to a high  
enough level before the switcher would be allowed to turn  
on.  
DS011476-15  
Typical Load Current  
=
=
400 mA for V  
750 mA for V  
−5.2V  
−7V  
IN  
IN  
Note: Heat sink may be required.  
FIGURE 11. Negative Boost  
Because of the boosting function of this type of regulator, the  
switch current is relatively high, especially at low input volt-  
ages. Output load current limitations are a result of the maxi-  
mum current rating of the switch. Also, boost regulators can  
not provide current limiting load protection in the event of a  
shorted load, so some other means (such as a fuse) may be  
necessary.  
Because of the structural differences between the buck and  
the buck-boost regulator topologies, the buck regulator de-  
sign procedure section can not be used to to select the in-  
ductor or the output capacitor. The recommended range of  
inductor values for the buck-boost design is between 68 µH  
and 220 µH, and the output capacitor values must be larger  
than what is normally required for buck designs. Low input  
voltages or high output currents require a large value output  
capacitor (in the thousands of micro Farads).  
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT  
In some applications it is desirable to keep the regulator off  
until the input voltage reaches a certain threshold. An under-  
voltage lockout circuit which accomplishes this task is shown  
in Figure 12, while Figure 13 shows the same circuit applied  
to a buck-boost configuration. These circuits keep the regu-  
lator off until the input voltage reaches a predetermined  
level.  
The peak inductor current, which is the same as the peak  
switch current, can be calculated from the following formula:  
=
Where fosc 52 kHz. Under normal continuous inductor cur-  
VTH VZ1 + 2VBE(Q1)  
rent operating conditions, the minimum VIN represents the  
worst case. Select an inductor that is rated for the peak cur-  
rent anticipated.  
DS011476-14  
FIGURE 10. Inverting Buck-Boost Develops −12V  
DS011476-16  
Note: Complete circuit not shown.  
Also, the maximum voltage appearing across the regulator is  
the absolute sum of the input and output voltage. For a −12V  
output, the maximum input voltage for the LM2576 is +28V,  
or +48V for the LM2576HV.  
FIGURE 12. Undervoltage Lockout for Buck Circuit  
The Switchers Made Simple (version 3.0) design software  
can be used to determine the feasibility of regulator designs  
using different topologies, different input-output parameters,  
different components, etc.  
NEGATIVE BOOST REGULATOR  
Another variation on the buck-boost topology is the negative  
boost configuration. The circuit in Figure 11 accepts an input  
voltage ranging from −5V to −12V and provides a regulated  
−12V output. Input voltages greater than −12V will cause the  
output to rise above −12V, but will not damage the regulator.  
17  
www.national.com  
ing. Increasing the RC time constant can provide longer de-  
lay times. But excessively large RC time constants can  
cause problems with input voltages that are high in 60 Hz or  
120 Hz ripple, by coupling the ripple into the ON /OFF pin.  
Additional Applications (Continued)  
ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT, LOW-RIPPLE POWER SUPPLY  
A 3A power supply that features an adjustable output voltage  
is shown in Figure 15. An additional L-C filter that reduces  
the output ripple by a factor of 10 or more is included in this  
circuit.  
DS011476-17  
Note: Complete circuit not shown (see Figure 10).  
FIGURE 13. Undervoltage Lockout  
for Buck-Boost Circuit  
DELAYED STARTUP  
DS011476-18  
The ON /OFF pin can be used to provide a delayed startup  
feature as shown in Figure 14. With an input voltage of 20V  
and for the part values shown, the circuit provides approxi-  
mately 10 ms of delay time before the circuit begins switch-  
Note: Complete circuit not shown.  
FIGURE 14. Delayed Startup  
DS011476-19  
FIGURE 15. 1.2V to 55V Adjustable 3A Power Supply with Low Output Ripple  
CATCH DIODE OR CURRENT STEERING DIODE  
Definition of Terms  
The diode which provides a return path for the load current  
when the LM2576 switch is OFF.  
BUCK REGULATOR  
EFFICIENCY (η)  
A switching regulator topology in which a higher voltage is  
converted to a lower voltage. Also known as a step-down  
switching regulator.  
The proportion of input power actually delivered to the load.  
BUCK-BOOST REGULATOR  
A switching regulator topology in which a positive voltage is  
converted to a negative voltage without a transformer.  
CAPACITOR EQUIVALENT SERIES RESISTANCE (ESR)  
The purely resistive component of a real capacitor’s imped-  
ance (see Figure 16). It causes power loss resulting in ca-  
pacitor heating, which directly affects the capacitor’s operat-  
ing lifetime. When used as a switching regulator output filter,  
higher ESR values result in higher output ripple voltages.  
DUTY CYCLE (D)  
Ratio of the output switch’s on-time to the oscillator period.  
DS011476-20  
FIGURE 16. Simple Model of a Real Capacitor  
www.national.com  
18  
Definition of Terms (Continued)  
Connection Diagrams (Note 15)  
Most standard aluminum electrolytic capacitors in the  
100 µF–1000 µF range have 0.5to 0.1ESR.  
Higher-grade capacitors (“low-ESR”, “high-frequency”, or  
“low-inductance”) in the 100 µF–1000 µF range generally  
have ESR of less than 0.15.  
Straight Leads  
5-Lead TO-220 (T)  
Top View  
EQUIVALENT SERIES INDUCTANCE (ESL)  
The pure inductance component of a capacitor (see Figure  
16). The amount of inductance is determined to a large ex-  
tent on the capacitor’s construction. In a buck regulator, this  
unwanted inductance causes voltage spikes to appear on  
the output.  
DS011476-21  
LM2576T-XX or LM2576HVT-XX  
NS Package Number T05A  
TO-263 (S)  
5-Lead Surface-Mount Package  
Top View  
OUTPUT RIPPLE VOLTAGE  
The AC component of the switching regulator’s output volt-  
age. It is usually dominated by the output capacitor’s ESR  
multiplied by the inductor’s ripple current (IIND). The  
peak-to-peak value of this sawtooth ripple current can be de-  
termined by reading the Inductor Ripple Current section of  
the Application hints.  
CAPACITOR RIPPLE CURRENT  
RMS value of the maximum allowable alternating current at  
which a capacitor can be operated continuously at a speci-  
fied temperature.  
DS011476-25  
STANDBY QUIESCENT CURRENT (ISTBY  
)
LM2576S-XX or LM2576HVS-XX  
NS Package Number TS5B  
LM2576SX-XX or LM2576HVSX-XX  
NS Package Number TS5B, Tape and Reel  
Supply current required by the LM2576 when in the standby  
mode (ON /OFF pin is driven to TTL-high voltage, thus turn-  
ing the output switch OFF).  
INDUCTOR RIPPLE CURRENT (IIND  
)
The peak-to-peak value of the inductor current waveform,  
typically a sawtooth waveform when the regulator is operat-  
ing in the continuous mode (vs. discontinuous mode).  
Bent, Staggered Leads  
5-Lead TO-220 (T)  
Top View  
CONTINUOUS/DISCONTINUOUS MODE OPERATION  
Relates to the inductor current. In the continuous mode, the  
inductor current is always flowing and never drops to zero,  
vs. the discontinuous mode, where the inductor current  
drops to zero for a period of time in the normal switching  
cycle.  
INDUCTOR SATURATION  
The condition which exists when an inductor cannot hold any  
more magnetic flux. When an inductor saturates, the induc-  
tor appears less inductive and the resistive component domi-  
nates. Inductor current is then limited only by the DC resis-  
tance of the wire and the available source current.  
DS011476-22  
LM2576T-XX Flow LB03  
or LM2576HVT-XX Flow LB03  
NS Package Number T05D  
OPERATING VOLT MICROSECOND CONSTANT (ETop  
)
The product (in VoItµs) of the voltage applied to the inductor  
and the time the voltage is applied. This ETop constant is a  
measure of the energy handling capability of an inductor and  
is dependent upon the type of core, the core area, the num-  
ber of turns, and the duty cycle.  
Note 15: (XX indicates output voltage option. See ordering information table  
for complete part number.)  
19  
www.national.com  
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted  
5-Lead TO-220 (T)  
Order Number LM2576T-3.3, LM2576HVT-3.3,  
LM2576T-5.0, LM2576HVT-5.0, LM2576T-12,  
LM2576HVT-12, LM2576T-15, LM2576HVT-15,  
LM2576T-ADJ or LM2576HVT-ADJ  
NS Package Number T05A  
www.national.com  
20  
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)  
Bent, Staggered 5-Lead TO-220 (T)  
Order Number LM2576T-3.3 Flow LB03, LM2576T-XX Flow LB03, LM2576HVT-3.3 Flow LB03,  
LM2576T-5.0 Flow LB03, LM2576HVT-5.0 Flow LB03,  
LM2576T-12 Flow LB03, LM2576HVT-12 Flow LB03,  
LM2576T-15 Flow LB03, LM2576HVT-15 Flow LB03,  
LM2576T-ADJ Flow LB03 or LM2576HVT-ADJ Flow LB03  
NS Package Number T05D  
21  
www.national.com  
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)  
5-Lead TO-263 (S)  
Order Number LM2576S-3.3, LM2576S-5.0,  
LM2576S-12,LM2576S-15, LM2576S-ADJ,  
LM2576HVS-3.3, LM2576HVS-5.0, LM2576HVS-12,  
LM2576HVS-15, or LM2576HVS-ADJ  
NS Package Number TS5B  
5-Lead TO-263 in Tape & Reel (SX)  
Order Number LM2576SX-3.3, LM2576SX-5.0,  
LM2576SX-12, LM2576SX-15, LM2576SX-ADJ,  
LM2576HVSX-3.3, LM2576HVSX-5.0, LM2576HVSX-12,  
LM2576HVSX-15, or LM2576HVSX-ADJ  
NS Package Number TS5B  
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NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT  
DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL  
COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein:  
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or  
systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant  
into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and  
whose failure to perform when properly used in  
accordance with instructions for use provided in the  
labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a  
significant injury to the user.  
2. A critical component is any component of a life  
support device or system whose failure to perform  
can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of  
the life support device or system, or to affect its  
safety or effectiveness.  
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National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.  
See Wireless Products  
Products > Analog - Regulators > Simple Switchers > LM2576  
LM2576 Product Folder  
SIMPLE SWITCHER 3A Step-Down Voltage Regulator  
LM2596 - low cost & more efficient  
See Also:  
LM2599 - improved switching frequency, and efficiency.  
LM2673 - much improved switching frequency  
LM2676 - more improved efficiency and switching frequency.  
Generic P/N 2576  
General  
Package  
& Models  
Samples  
& Pricing  
Design  
Tools  
Application  
Notes  
Features  
Datasheet  
Description  
WEBENCH Live Simulation!  
Parametric Table  
Multiple Output Capability  
On/Off Pin  
No  
Yes  
No  
4
LM2576 Webench™ Custom  
Design/Analyze/Build It  
Error Flag  
V in Lower  
11.0  
V in Upper  
Input Voltage, min (Volt)  
Input Voltage, max (Volt)  
Output Current, max  
Output Voltage (Volt)  
Adjustable Output Voltage  
Switching Frequency (Hz)  
Adjustable Switching Frequency  
Sync Pin  
6.0 <=  
V out  
I out  
<=  
13.0  
<= 40.0  
<= 37.0  
<= 3.00  
<= 100  
V
V
40, 60  
3000 mA  
1.2 <=  
3.3  
V
12, 15, 3.30, 5, 1.20  
2.50  
A
No, Yes  
52000  
No  
Ambient Temperature  
30  
°C  
No  
Create This Design  
Efficiency (%)  
88, 75, 77  
No  
What is Webench?  
Flyback  
Inverting  
Yes  
Step-up  
No  
Step-down  
Yes  
-
Datasheet  
Size in  
Kbytes  
Title  
Date  
Receive via  
Email  
Download  
View Online  
29-  
Jun-  
99  
Receive via  
Email  
LM2576 LM2576HV Series SIMPLE SWITCHER 3A Step-  
Down Voltage Regulator  
639  
Kbytes  
View Online Download  
LM2576 LM2576HV Series SIMPLE SWITCHER 3A Step-  
Down Voltage Regulator (JAPANESE)  
869  
Kbytes  
View Online Download  
Receive via  
If you have trouble printing or viewing PDF file(s), see Printing Problems.  
Package Availability, Models, Samples & Pricing  
Budgetary  
Pricing  
Package  
Type Pins MSL  
TO  
Models  
Samples &  
Electronic  
Orders  
Std  
Pack  
Size  
Package  
Marking  
Part  
Number  
Status  
$US  
each  
SPICE IBIS  
Qty  
rail [logo]¢U¢Z¢2¢T  
of  
45  
Full  
production  
MSL  
LM2576T-12  
LM2576T-15  
5
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
1K+ $1.3600  
LM2576T  
-12 P+  
Buy Now  
24 Hour  
220  
rail [logo]¢U¢Z¢2¢T  
of  
45  
TO  
220  
MSL  
5
Full production  
Full production  
Full production  
Full production  
1K+ $1.3600  
1K+ $1.3600  
1K+ $1.3600  
1K+ $1.3600  
LM2576T  
-15 P+  
Samples  
Buy Now  
24 Hour  
rail [logo]¢U¢Z¢2¢T  
of  
45  
TO  
220  
MSL  
MSL  
MSL  
LM2576T-3.3  
LM2576T-5.0  
LM2576T-ADJ  
5
5
5
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
LM2576T  
-3.3 P+  
Samples  
Buy Now  
24 Hour  
rail [logo]¢U¢Z¢2¢T  
of  
45  
TO  
220  
LM2576T  
-5.0 P+  
Samples  
Buy Now  
24 Hour  
rail [logo]¢U¢Z¢2¢T  
of  
45  
TO  
220  
LM2576T  
-ADJ P+  
Samples  
Buy Now  
24 Hour  
rail [logo]¢U¢Z¢2¢T  
TO  
263  
MSL  
MSL  
MSL  
MSL  
LM2576S-12  
LM2576S-15  
LM2576S-3.3  
LM2576S-5.0  
5
5
5
5
Full production  
Full production  
Full production  
Full production  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
1K+ $1.3600  
1K+ $1.3600  
1K+ $1.3600  
1K+ $1.3600  
of  
45  
LM2576S  
-12 P+  
Samples  
Buy Now  
24 Hour  
rail [logo]¢U¢Z¢2¢T  
TO  
263  
of  
45  
LM2576S  
-15 P+  
Samples  
Buy Now  
24 Hour  
rail [logo]¢U¢Z¢2¢T  
TO  
263  
of  
45  
LM2576S  
-3.3 P+  
Samples  
Buy Now  
24 Hour  
rail [logo]¢U¢Z¢2¢T  
TO  
263  
of  
45  
LM2576S  
-5.0 P+  
Samples  
Buy Now  
24 Hour  
rail [logo]¢U¢Z¢2¢T  
TO  
263  
LM2576S-  
ADJ  
MSL  
MSL  
5
5
Full production  
Full production  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
1K+ $1.3600  
1K+ $1.3600  
of  
45  
LM2576S  
-ADJ P+  
Samples  
Buy Now  
reel [logo]¢U¢Z¢2¢T  
TO  
263  
LM2576SX-  
12  
of  
500  
LM2576S  
-12 P+  
reel [logo]¢U¢Z¢2¢T  
TO  
263  
LM2576SX-  
15  
MSL  
MSL  
MSL  
MSL  
5
5
Full production  
Full production  
Full production  
Full production  
Full production  
Full production  
Full production  
Full production  
Full production  
Full production  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
1K+ $1.3600  
1K+ $1.3600  
1K+ $1.3600  
1K+ $1.3600  
of  
500  
LM2576S  
-15 P+  
reel [logo]¢U¢Z¢2¢T  
TO  
263  
LM2576SX-  
3.3  
of  
500  
LM2576S  
-3.3 P+  
Buy Now  
Buy Now  
reel [logo]¢U¢Z¢2¢T  
TO  
263  
LM2576SX-  
5.0  
5
of  
500  
LM2576S  
-5.0 P+  
reel [logo]¢U¢Z¢2¢T  
TO  
263  
LM2576SX-  
ADJ  
5
of  
500  
LM2576S  
-ADJ P+  
Buy Now  
Samples  
tray  
of  
N/A  
LM2576-12  
MDC  
Die  
Die  
Die  
Die  
Die  
Die  
-
-
-
-
-
-
tray  
of  
N/A  
LM2576-15  
MDC  
Samples  
Samples  
Samples  
Samples  
Samples  
tray  
of  
N/A  
LM2576-3.3  
MDC  
tray  
of  
N/A  
LM2576-5.0  
MDC  
tray  
of  
N/A  
LM2576-ADJ  
MDC  
tray  
of  
LM2576HV-5  
MDC  
N/A  
wafer  
jar  
of  
LM2576-12  
MWC  
Wafer  
Wafer  
Wafer  
Wafer  
Wafer  
Wafer  
Full production  
Full production  
Full production  
Full production  
Full production  
Full production  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
-
-
-
-
-
-
N/A  
wafer  
jar  
of  
LM2576-15  
MWC  
N/A  
wafer  
jar  
of  
LM2576-3.3  
MWC  
N/A  
wafer  
jar  
of  
LM2576-5.0  
MWC  
N/A  
wafer  
jar  
of  
LM2576-ADJ  
MWC  
N/A  
wafer  
jar  
of  
LM2576HV-5  
MWC  
N/A  
General Description  
The LM2576 series of regulators are monolithic integrated circuits that provide all the active functions for a  
step-down (buck) switching regulator, capable of driving 3A load with excellent line and load regulation.  
These devices are available in fixed output voltages of 3.3V, 5V, 12V, 15V, and an adjustable output version.  
Requiring a minimum number of external components, these regulators are simple to use and include  
internal frequency compensation and a fixed-frequency oscillator.  
The LM2576 series offers a high-efficiency replacement for popular three-terminal linear regulators. It  
substantially reduces the size of the heat sink, and in some cases no heat sink is required.  
A standard series of inductors optimized for use with the LM2576 are available from several different  
manufacturers. This feature greatly simplifies the design of switch-mode power supplies.  
Other features include a guaranteed ±4% tolerance on output voltage within specified input voltages and  
output load conditions, and ±10% on the oscillator frequency. External shutdown is included, featuring 50 µA  
(typical) standby current. The output switch includes cycle-by-cycle current limiting, as well as thermal  
shutdown for full protection under fault conditions.  
Features  
3.3V, 5V, 12V, 15V, and adjustable output versions  
Adjustable version output voltage range, 1.23V to 37V (57V for HV version) ±4% max over line and  
load conditions  
Guaranteed 3A output current  
Wide input voltage range, 40V up to 60V for HV version  
Requires only 4 external components  
52 kHz fixed frequency internal oscillator  
TTL shutdown capability, low power standby mode  
High efficiency  
Uses readily available standard inductors  
Thermal shutdown and current limit protection  
P+ Product Enhancement tested  
Applications  
Simple high-efficiency step-down (buck) regulator  
Efficient pre-regulator for linear regulators  
On-card switching regulators  
Positive to negative converter (Buck-Boost)  
Design Tools  
Title  
Size in Kbytes Date  
Receive via  
Email  
Download  
View Online  
SimpleSwitcher® DC-DC  
Converters Design Software  
12-Jun-  
2002  
View  
10 Kbytes  
If you have trouble printing or viewing PDF file(s), see Printing Problems.  
Application Notes  
Size in  
Kbytes  
Title  
Date  
Receive via  
Email  
Download  
View Online  
5-  
Jan-  
97  
Receive via  
Email  
AN-1061: AN-1061 Power Conversion in Line-Powered  
Equipment  
142  
Kbytes  
View Online Download  
View Online Download  
View Online Download  
View Online Download  
29-  
Jul-  
02  
Receive via  
Email  
AN-1229: Application Note 1229 SIMPLE SWITCHER PCB 229  
Layout Guidelines  
Kbytes  
1-  
May-  
98  
Receive via  
Email  
AN-776: Application Note 776 20 Watt Simple Switcher 387  
Forward Converter  
Kbytes  
5-  
Aug-  
95  
Receive via  
Email  
AN-946: High-Efficiency 3A Battery Chargers Use  
LM2576 Regulators  
109  
Kbytes  
High-Efficiency 3A Battery Chargers Use LM2576  
Regulators (JAPANESE)  
72  
Kbytes  
View Online Download  
Receive via  
If you have trouble printing or viewing PDF file(s), see Printing Problems.  
[Information as of 5-Aug-2002]  
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