PXI-5441 [NI]
100 MS/s, 16-bit Arbitrary Waveform Generator with Onboard Signal Processing; 100 MS / s的16位任意波形发生器，板载信号处理
| 型号： | PXI-5441 |
| 厂家： | 
National Instruments |
| 描述： | 100 MS/s, 16-bit Arbitrary Waveform Generator with Onboard Signal Processing |
| 文件： | 总7页 (文件大小：288K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
100 MS/s, 16-bit Arbitrary Waveform
Generator with Onboard Signal Processing
NI PXI-5441
• Quadrature digital upconversion
• FIR and CIC interpolation filters
• Carrier frequencies up to
43 MHz with 355 nHz resolution
• 16-bit resolution,
100 MS/s sampling rate
NEW
Recommended Software
• LabVIEW
• LabWindows/CVI
• SignalExpress
• Measurement Studio
• Digital Filter Design Toolkit
• 400 MS/s effective sampling
rate with DAC interpolation
• 32, 256, 512 MB of onboard memory
• Multimodule synchronization
Included Software
• NI-FGEN driver
• LabVIEW Express VIs
• NI Modulation Toolkit
• NI Analog Waveform Editor
• FGEN Soft Front Panel
• LabVIEW RealTime Support
with < 20 ps
skew
rms
• Continuous data
streaming up to 100 MB/s
Operating Systems
Calibration
• Windows 2000/NT/XP
• Gain and offset self-calibration
• 2 year external calibration cycle
Overview
delivers several signal processing functions used to modify the data
The National Instruments NI PXI-5441 is a 100 MS/s arbitrary stored in waveform memory during generation. The signal
waveform generator with Onboard Signal Processing (OSP). OSP processing functions are:
functions include FIR and CIC interpolation filters, digital per-filter
gain and offset control, a numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) Independent I and Q pre-filter gain and offset
and IQ mixing for quadrature digital upconversion. With 16-bit For adding gain and offset imbalance impairments, I and Q pre-filter
resolution and -91 dBc close-in spurious free dynamic range (SFDR), gain and offset can be adjusted before or during the generation of an
the PXI-5441 brings instrument quality specifications to applications output signal.
requiring digital upconversion and baseband interpolation such as
prototyping, validating, and testing communications, radar, and Finite impulse response (FIR) filter
electronic warfare systems. Since the PXI-5441 is a full-featured The FIR filter shapes the waveform data, compensates for the
arbitrary waveform generator, it is also capable of generating general cascaded-integrator comb (CIC) filter response, and interpolates the
purpose electrical test signals and has a maximum output range of waveform data by 2, 4, or 8x. The FIR filter coefficients are
12 Vpk-pk into a 50
Ω
load.
programmable and include flat, raised cosine, root raised cosine,
Gaussian, or custom. For implementing custom filters, consider the
By using the PCI bus to communicate with the host computer, the NI Digital Filter Design Toolkit which includes several advanced
PXI-5441 can download waveforms at up to 100 MB/s, far faster than filter design tools for designing, analyzing, and simulating floating-
traditional GPIB-based instruments. Using the Synchronization point and fixed-point filters.
and Memory Core (SMC) architecture of the PXI-5441, you can
create mixed signal test systems by synchronizing the generator Cascaded-integrator comb (CIC) filter
with digitizers and digital waveform generator/analyzers or For upsampling waveform data to a high sample rate, the CIC filter
synchronize multiple generators to form
a phase-coherent efficiently interpolates by 6x to 256x.
multi-channel generator for generating I/Q signals for applications
such as MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) or beam-forming Numerically controlled oscillator (NCO)
antenna schemes.
The NCO produces sine and cosine waveform data for quadrature
digital upconversion and features 355 nHz frequency resolution and
0.0055o phase resolution for precise control of impairments such as
Onboard Signal Processing
Onboard signal processing (OSP) (Figure 1) significantly extends frequency error and quadrature skew. NCO frequency and phase can
waveform playback time and reduces the time required to compute also be adjusted before or during waveform generation.
and download waveform data by computing the waveform data
using the PXI-5441’s field programmable gate array (FPGA). OSP
100 MS/s, 16-bit Arbitrary Waveform
Generator with Onboard Signal Processing
Figure 1. Onboard Signal Processing uses the PXI-5441’s FPGA to perform in-line
processing of the waveform data stored in the module’s memory.
In addition to being an arbitrary waveform generator with Baseband interpolation
waveform sequencing capability, the PXI-5441 uses the OSP Useful for generating smooth baseband signals, such as I and Q
functions to perform:
signals, you can use the PXI-5441’s OSP block to interpolate low
sample rate waveforms to a much higher sample rate, thereby
improving the output frequency spectrum by relocating zero-order
Quadrature digital upconversion with impairments
In quadrature upconversion, I and Q complex waveform data is sample-and-hold reconstruction images to higher frequencies. With
stored in waveform memory and is passed to the OSP block. OSP the images at higher frequencies, the PXI-5441’s 7th order low-pass
then shapes and interpolates the data using the FIR filters, analog filter can greatly suppress them without disturbing the
interpolates it up to a high sample rate using the CIC filters, and then signals’ amplitude response or phase information. For example,
upconverts the data to a programmable carrier frequency up to a waveform created at 10 kS/s sample rate could be interpolated to
43 MHz. You can choose to suppress the lower or upper modulation 10.24 MS/s by using 4x FIR interpolation and 256x CIC
sideband by adjusting the NCO in-phase and quadrature output interpolation. The upsampled signal is then passed to the DAC which
phase settings.
can also interpolate by 2, 4, or 8x resulting in an effective sampling
rate of 81.92 MS/s (8x DAC interpolation). Since the original
For modeling channel effects and testing the robustness of a receiver, waveform was sampled at only 10 kS/s, rather than 81.92 MS/s, a
the OSP can add several impairments to the signal on the fly (during 1:8,192 compression ratio is achieved, resulting in dramatically faster
waveform generation). IQ Gain Imbalance and DC offset waveform computation and download times. Alternatively, the
impairments are added by adjusting the per-filter gain and offset resulting compression can be used to efficiently store data in the
settings, while quadrature skew and frequency error can be PXI-5441’s onboard memory allowing for much longer playback
introduced by adjusting the I or Q carrier phase and frequency.
times without streaming from arrays of high-speed disk drives. Long
playback times are essential for improving the statistical significance
of many communications measurements and displays such as bit
error rate, trellis plots, and constellation plots.
Amplitude modulation (AM)
By using only the in-phase (I) path of the OSP block, you can
generate an AM radio signal by directly downloading the message
signal into onboard memory. The message signal scales the
amplitude of the NCO’s programmable frequency output.
Single tone and function generation
Using the OSP block’s NCO, the PXI-5441 can generate sine, square,
triangle, ramp and other standard and user-defined waveforms just
as function generator does. The frequency of the output waveform
may be adjusted during generation with 355 nHz resolution for
generating phase continuous frequency sweeps and hops. The phase
is also adjustable relative to other synchronized instruments, the
PXI 10 MHz reference clock or an externally supplied reference clock.
Figure 2. Frequency spectrum of a W-CDMA physical layer signal digital
upconverted and generated by the PXI-5441 with Onboard Signal Processing.
(External sample clock = 92.16 MHz)
2
National Instruments • Tel: (800) 433-3488 • info@ni.com • ni.com
100 MS/s, 16-bit Arbitrary Waveform
Generator with Onboard Signal Processing
DAC Interpolation
duration is unknown before generation, a hardware or software
The NI 5441 uses digital interpolation to improve the output signal trigger can advance the generator to the next waveform in the
quality of smooth waveforms. Every digital-to-analog converter sequence. The NI 5441 implements advanced triggering behavior
(DAC) produces reconstruction images in the frequency domain as with four trigger modes: single, continuous, burst, and stepped. For
a result of the conversion process. Appearing at |fo nfs|, where fo is a detailed discuss of these modes, please consult the NI Signal
the frequency of the desired signal and fs is the sampling rate, Generators Help Guide available at ni.com/manuals.
reconstruction images are undesirable for smooth signals, such as
sine waves.
Sequence Sequence
Instructions Instructions
• • •
Sequence
Instructions
m
Waveform Waveform
Waveform
n
Free
Memory
•
•
•
1
2
1
2
Typically, arbitrary waveform generators suppress the
reconstruction images by using high-order low-pass filters with
a cutoff frequency near the generator’s Nyquist frequency (50 MHz
for a 100 MS/s sample rate). By using a high-order filter with such
Figure 4. NI’s SMC-based arbitrary waveform generators increase test throughput by
storing all the waveforms and sequences required for a set of test in onboard memory.
a low cutoff frequency, the filter’s non-idealities, such as passband NI’s SMC-based generators have the unique capability to store
ripple and non-linear phase significantly affect the generator’s multiple sequences and their associated waveforms in the generator’s
performance. The NI 5441 uses digital interpolation to increase onboard memory (Figure 4). In automated test situations involving
the effective sample rate, relocating the reconstruction images to multiple tests each requiring a different waveform sequence, all of the
higher frequencies.
sequences and waveforms can be downloaded once at the beginning
of the test cycle and held in the generator’s memory for the entire
session. By downloading all required waveforms and sequences once,
instead of repeatedly reloading them for each test, the SMC-based
generators save test time and improve test throughput.
Timing and Synchronization
Using T-Clock synchronization technology, multiple NI 5441’s can
be synchronized for applications requiring a greater number of
channels, such as I/Q signal generation or multiple IF generation for
MIMO systems. Since it is built into the SMC, T-Clock can
synchronize the NI 5441 with SMC-based high-speed digitizers and
digital waveform generator/analyzers for tight correlation of analog
and digital stimulus and response. Using onboard calibration
measurements and compensation, T-Clock can automatically
synchronize any combination of SMC-based modules with less
than 500 psrms module-to-module skew. Greatly improved from
traditional synchronization methods, the skew between modules
does not increase as the number of modules increases. To achieve
even better performance, a high-bandwidth oscilloscope can be used
Figure 3. Using a combination of digital interpolation and analog filtering, the NI 5441
greatly reduces the DAC reconstruction images as shown for the 10 MHz sine signal
generated at 100 MS/s using 4x interpolation for a 400 MS/s effective sampling rate.
(Noise floor is limited by the measurement device.)
By doing so, the required analog filter cutoff frequency is increased to precisely measure the module-to-module skew. Using the
which lessens the filter’s distortion effects. The combination of oscilloscope measurement for calibration information, T-Clock can
digital interpolation and analog filtering enable the NI 5441 to have achieve < 20 psrms module-to-module skew (Figure 5).
excellent passband flatness and improved image rejection ensuring a
low-distortion output signal.
For sharp waveforms, such as square waves, pulses, and video signals,
interpolation and analog filtering can be disabled resulting in fast
rise/fall times and low pulse aberration (overshoot, undershoot, etc).
Waveform Sequencing and Triggering
The NI 5441 can be programmed to sequence and loop a set of
waveforms. Several methods can be used to advance through the
sequence of waveforms. In some cases, the duration of each
waveform is known in advance, so the generator can be programmed
to loop each waveform a specified number of times. When the
Figure 5. Using the Synchronization and Memory Core’s T-Clock synchronization,
multiple NI 5441 can achieve less than 20 ps channel-to-channel skew.
National Instruments • Tel: (800) 433-3488 • info@ni.com • ni.com 3
100 MS/s, 16-bit Arbitrary Waveform
Generator with Onboard Signal Processing
The NI 5441’s sample clock has three modes: Divide-by-N, High- Modulation Toolkit for LabVIEW1
Resolution, and External. The direct digital synthesis (DDS) based The Modulation Toolkit for LabVIEW provides functions for
high-resolution sample clock has a sample rate resolution of signal generation, analysis, and visualization of custom and
1.06 µHz. This offers you exceptional stability and sampling rate standard analog and digital modulation. With the Modulation
flexibility. The NI 5441 can also import its sample clock from the Toolkit, you can also develop and analyze custom modulation
CLK IN, PXI star trigger and PXI trigger bus. In addition, you can formats and generate these with the PXI-5441. Some of the
phase lock the NI 5441’s oscillator to an external reference or the standard measurement functions include EVM (error vector
PXI 10 MHz reference clock.
magnitude), MER (modulation error ratio), and ρ (rho). Functions
are also available for injecting impairments including
IQ Gain Imbalance, Quadrature Skew, and AWGN (additive white
Driver Software
Accurate, high-throughput hardware improves the performance of Gaussian noise). Visualization functions include trellis,
a measurement system, but easy-to-use, reliable software reduces constellation, and 2D- and 3D-eye diagrams. This hardware and
your development time and ongoing support costs. NI-FGEN, the software combination gives you access to customizable functionality
driver software for the NI 5441, is the world’s most advanced and not available in traditional instrumentation.
thoroughly tested arbitrary waveform generator software
and features:
Modulation/Demodulation
• 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256-QAM
• 2, 4, 8, 16-FSK
Visualization and Analysis
• Trellis diagrams
• Intuitive application programming interface (API) – In LabVIEW,
LabWindows/CVI, VisualBasic and Visual C/C++, NI-FGEN’s API
is engineered to use the least number of function’s possible while
also maintaining flexibility. Each driver function has thorough
online searchable documentation. The NI-FGEN Quick Reference
Guide further simplifies programming by providing an overview
of each driver function’s LabVIEW icon, function name,
parameters, and data types.
• Constellation plot
• MSK and GMSK
• 2D- and 3D-eye diagrams
• 8, 16, 64-PSK
• BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK, DQPSK,
Modulation Impairments
• Multitone
Π
–
4 DQPSK
• AM, FM, PM
• DC offset
• Fading profile
Modulation Analysis Functions
• ρ (rho)
• Frequency offset
• Quadrature skew
• IQ gain imbalance
•Additive White Gaussian
Noise (AWGN)
• LabVIEW Express VIs – For generating an arbitrary repetitive
signal, the LabVIEW Express VI is a configuration driven way
to program the NI 5441 without accessing the underlying
NI-FGEN functions.
• DC offset
• Phase error
• Quadrature skew
• IQ gain imbalance
• Bit error rate (BER)
• Frequency deviation
• Burst timing measurements
• Modulation error ratio (MER)
• Error vector magnitude (EVM)
• Function generator mode – Using the OSP’s numerically
controlled oscillator, the PXI-5441 can behave as an arbitrary
function generator with 355 nHz frequency resolution. Using
function generator mode, you can generate phase continuous
frequency sweeps and hops.
1A Modulation Toolkit datasheet is available separately.
• Soft front panel – For quick non-programmatic use of the Analog Waveform Editor1
NI 5441, the soft front panel supports arbitrary waveform and The NI Analog Waveform Editor is an interactive software tool for
standard waveform generation.
creating and editing analog waveforms. In the editor, each waveform
is comprised of different segments, where each segment is comprised
• Example programs – NI-FGEN provides 23 programming of a collection of “primitives”. You can create a new waveform
examples for LabVIEW, LabWindows/CVI, VisualC++ 6.0 and segment by selecting from a library of over 20 waveform “primitives”
.Net, and VisualBasic 6.0 so you don’t have to start from scratch.
(Table 1), by entering a mathematical expression, or importing data
from a file. Waveform primitives can then be combined point-by-
• LabVIEW Real-Time Support
–
For remotely deployed point using addition, multiplication, or division to create more
autonomous measurement systems or applications requiring the complex segments (Figure 6).
highest possible reliability, NI-FGEN supports LabVIEW’s
Real-Time module.
1An Analog Waveform Editor datasheet is available separately.
4
National Instruments • Tel: (800) 433-3488 • info@ni.com • ni.com
100 MS/s, 16-bit Arbitrary Waveform
Generator with Onboard Signal Processing
Waveform Primitives
Sine
Square
Triangle
Sawtooth
Uniform Noise
Triangular Noise
Gaussian Noise
Sinc
Gaussian Pulse
Exponential Rise/Decay
Trapezoid
Stairstep
Haversine
Impulse
Cardiac
Table 1: A partial list of the configurable waveform primitives
available in the Analog Waveform Editor.
Ordering Information
NI PXI-5441 ..............................................................779058-0M1
1M (onboard memory): 2 (32 MB), 3 (256 MB), 4 (512 MB)
Includes SMB 112 cable, NI-FGEN driver, FGEN Soft Front Panel,
NI Modulation Toolkit for LabVIEW, and NI Analog Waveform Editor
Figure 6: Over 20 different waveform primitives can be combined to create
more complex waveforms.
Recommended PXI Switch
NI PXI-2593 ........................................................................778793-01
Multiple segments can then be concatenated to make a larger
waveform. To further process the waveform, you can apply standard
or custom FIR and IIR filters or smooth any discontinuities between
different waveform segments. Once complete, all the settings you
chose to create the waveform are stored alongside the waveform’s raw
sample data, making it easy to reload the waveform in the editor and
modify the settings of a particular segment or primitive.
BUY NOW!
For complete product specifications, pricing, and accessory
information, call (800) 813-3693 (U.S. only) or go to ni.com/xxx.
National Instruments • Tel: (800) 433-3488 • info@ni.com • ni.com 5
100 MS/s, 16-bit Arbitrary Waveform
Generator with Onboard Signal Processing
Specifications
General
Sample Clock
Number of channels.........................................
1
Sources ............................................................ Internal Divide-by-N, Internal High-Resolution,
DAC Resolution ................................................ 16 bits
Maximum Sample Rate.................................... 100 MS/s
Maximum Effective
Sample Rate with Interpolation....................... 400 MS/s
Bandwidth ........................................................ 43 MHz
Output Paths
External CLK IN, External DDC Clk In, PXI Star Trigger,
PXI_TRIG <0:7>
Frequency Resolution
Divide-by-N................................................ (100 MS/s) / N where 1
High Resolution ......................................... 1.06 µHz
≤
N
≤
4,194,304
System Phase Noise and Jitter1
System Phase Noise Density
1 Main Output Path setting with driver selected Low Gain Amplifier or the High Gain Amplifier
2 Direct Path optimized for IF applications
System Output Jitter
< 1.0 ps rms
< 4.0 ps rms
Divide-by-N
High Resolution
110 MHz carrier
-137 dBc/Hz (10 kHz offset)
-126 dBc/Hz (10 kHz offset)
Onboard Signal Processing (OSP)
Operating Modes ............................................. Function generator, interpolating (I path only),
quadrature digital upconversion (complex)
IQ Rate
Onboard Clock (Internal VCXO)
OSP Interpolation Range ........................... 12 to 2,048
Maximum IQ Rate ............................................ 8.3 MSymbols/s
Pre-Filter Gain and Offset
Pre Filter Gain and Offset Resolution ....... 18 bits
Pre-Filter Gain Range ................................ -2 to 2
Pre-Filter Offset Range.............................. -1 to 1
FIR (Finite Impulse Response) Filter
Filter Length............................................... 95 Taps
Interpolation Range................................... 2, 4, or 8
Filter Types................................................. Flat, Gaussian, Raised Cosine, Root Raised Cosine,
Custom Coefficents
Clock Source..................................................... Phase locked to reference clock or derived from onboard
VCXO frequency reference.
Frequency Accuracy ......................................... 25 ppm
PLL Reference Sources..................................... PXI_CLK10, CLK IN
Digital Data and Control, DDC
Data Output Signals......................................... 16 LVDS data lines (ANSI/TIA/EIA-644 compliant)
Start Trigger
Sources ............................................................ PFI <0:3>, PXI_TRIG<0:7>, PXI Star Trigger,
Software, Immediate
CIC (Cascaded Integerator Comb) Filter
Modes ............................................................ Single, Continuous, Stepped, Burst
Size ............................................................ 6 Stages
Interpolation Range................................... 6 to 256
NCO (Numerically Controlled Oscillator)
Max Frequency Range............................... 1 mHz to 43 MHz
Max Frequency Resolution........................ 355 nHz
I and Q Phase Resolution .......................... 0.0055°
Markers
Destinations ..................................................... PFI <0:1>, PFI <4:5>, PXI_TRIG <0:7>
Quantity............................................................ 1 Marker per Segment
Waveform and Instruction Memory Utilization
32 MB Standard
256 MB Option
512 MB Option
536,870,912 bytes
Modulation Performance (Typical)
Onboard Memory Size
33,554,432 bytes
268,435,456 bytes
GSM PHY Layer W-CDMA PHY Layer DVB PHY Layer
Loop Count ....................................................... 1 to 16,777,215. Burst Trigger: Unlimited
Modulation Error Ratio (MER)
Error Vector Magnitude (EVM)
Adjacent Channel Power Ratio (ACPR)
46 dB
< 0.5ꢀ rms
-
46 dB
< 0.5ꢀ rms
61 dBc
43 dB
0.6ꢀ rms
48 dBc
Memory Limits
32 MB Option1
256 MB Option1
512 MB Option1
FIR interpolation = 2, direct path, 25 MHz carrier, external sample clock
Arbitrary Waveform Mode
Maximum Waveform Memory
Arbitrary Sequence Mode
Maximum Waveform Memory2
Arbitrary Sequence Mode
Maximum Waveforms3
Arbitrary Sequence Mode
Maximum Segments in a
Sequence4
16,777,088 Samples 134,217,600 Samples 268,435,328 Samples
Digital Performance
OSP Out of Band Suppresion ....................
16,777,008 Samples 134,217,520 Samples 268,435,200 Samples
74 dB (FIR Interpolation = 4)
OSP Passband Ripple ................................ 0 to -0.08 dB (FIR Interpolation =2)
262,000
418,000
2,097,000
3,354,000
4,194,000
6,708,000
Function Generation Mode
Standard Waveform Max Frequencies
Sine............................................................ 43 MHz
Square........................................................ 25 MHz
Triangle, Ramp Up, Ramp Down, Noise.... 5 MHz
User Defined.............................................. 43 MHz
Frequency Resolution....................................... 355 nHz
Phase Resolution.............................................. 0.0055°
1Refer to detailed specifications for all trigger modes. 2Condition: One or two segments in a sequence.
3Condition: One or two segments in a sequence. 4Condition: Waveform memory is <4,000 samples.
Maximum Waveform Playtimes
Analog Output
Amplitude Range (Full Scale)
32 MB Option
0.16 s
16 s
2 min 47 s
256 MB Option
1.34 s
2 min 14 s
22 min 22 s
512 MB Option
2.68 s
4 min 28 s
44 min 43 s
Main Output Path ...................................... 12 Vpp to 5.64 mVpp (50 Ω load)
Direct Path................................................. 1 Vpp to 0.707 Vpp (50 Ω load)
Offset Range .................................................... 25ꢀ of Amplitude Range
100 MS/s sample rate, OSP disabled
1 MS/s IQ rate, real mode, OSP enabled
100 kS/s IQ rate, real mode, OSP enabled
DC Accuracy .....................................................
AC Amplitude Accuracy ...................................
0.4ꢀ of Amplitude 0.05ꢀ of Offset 1 mV
1.0ꢀ of Amplitude 1 mV at 50 kHz
1Single trigger mode. Playtimes may be extended using waveform linking and looping.
Output Filters.................................................... Software selectable seven-pole elliptical analog filter and
finite impulse response DAC digital interpolating filter
Passband Flatness............................................ +0.6 dB to -0.4 dB (100 Hz to 40 MHz) for Direct Path
Power1
+3.3 VDC
1.9 A
+5 VDC
2.2 A
+12 VDC
0.46 A
-12 VDC
0.01 A
Total Power
22.9 W
Spectral Characteristics
Frequency
1 MHz
10 MHz
1 MHz
10 MHz
1 MHz
10 MHz
Direct Path
64 dB
61 dB
-76 dBc
-68 dBc
-88 dBFS
-87 dBFS
Low Gain Path
66 dB
60 dB
-71 dBc
-64 dBc
1Typical
Signal to Noise and Distortion (SINAD)
Spurious Free Dynamic Range w/ Harmonics
Spurious Free Dynamic Range w/o Harmonics
Amplitude –1 dBFS Measured from DC to 50 MHz
Environment
Operating Temperature.............................. 0 ºC to +55 ºC (Meets IEC-60068-2-1 and IEC-60068-2-2)
Storage Temperature................................. -25 ºC to +85 ºC (Meets IEC-60068-2-1 and IEC-60068-2-2)
Operating Relative Humidity ..................... 10ꢀ to 90ꢀ, non-condensing (Meets IEC 60068-2-56)
-91 dBFS
-89 dBFS
Calibration
Self-Calibration ................................................ DC gain and offset
External Calibration Interval ............................ 2 years
Average Noise Density
Amplitude Range
Certifications and Compliances
CE Mark Compliance
Average Noise Density
Path
Vpk-pk
dBm
4.0
-16.0
nV /
√
Hz
dBm/Hz
-142
-148
dBFS/Hz
-146.0
-132.0
Note
Direct
1
18
9
Unless otherwise noted, the following conditions were used for each specification:
A. Analog Filter enabled.
Low Gain
0.1
B. DAC Interpolation set to maximum allowed factor for a given sample rate
C. Signals terminated with 50Ω.
D. Direct path set to 1 Vpk-pk, Low Gain Amplifier Path set to 2 Vpk-pk, and
High Gain Amplifier Path set to 12 Vpk-pk.
E. Sample clock set to 100 MS/s
6
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