HCS301T-I/SN023_技术文档

HCS301

®

KEELOQ Code Hopping Encoder

FEATURES

Security

DESCRIPTION

The HCS301 from Microchip Technology Inc. is a code

hopping encoder designed for secure Remote Keyless

Entry (RKE) systems. The HCS301 utilizes the

• Programmable 28-bit serial number

• Programmable 64-bit encryption key

• Each transmission is unique

• 66-bit transmission code length

• 32-bit hopping code

®

KEELOQ code hopping technology, which incorpo-

rates high security, a small package outline and low

cost, to make this device a perfect solution for unidirec-

tional remote keyless entry systems and access control

systems.

• 34-bit fixed code (28-bit serial number,

4-bit button code, 2-bit status)

PACKAGE TYPES

• Encryption keys are read protected

PDIP, SOIC

Operating

8

7

6

5

VDD

S0

S1

1

2

3

4

• 3.5V - 13.0V operation

LED

PWM

VSS

• Four button inputs

• No additional circuitry required

• 15 functions available

S2

S3

• Selectable baud rate

• Automatic code word completion

• Battery low signal transmitted to receiver

• Battery low indication on LED

• Non-volatile synchronization data

HCS301 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Oscillator

Power

latching

and

Controller

RESET circuit

switching

Other

LED

LED driver

• Functionally identical to HCS300

• Easy-to-use programming interface

• On-chip EEPROM

EEPROM

Encoder

• On-chip oscillator and timing components

• Button inputs have internal pull-down resistors

• Current limiting on LED output

• Low external component cost

PWM

32-bit shift register

Button input port

VSS

VDD

Typical Applications

The HCS301 is ideal for Remote Keyless Entry (RKE)

applications. These applications include:

S2

S3

S1 S0

• Automotive RKE systems

• Automotive alarm systems

• Automotive immobilizers

• Gate and garage door openers

• Identity tokens

The HCS301 combines a 32-bit hopping code,

generated by a nonlinear encryption algorithm, with a

28-bit serial number and 6 information bits to create a

66-bit code word. The code word length eliminates the

threat of code scanning and the code hopping mecha-

nism makes each transmission unique, thus rendering

code capture and resend schemes useless.

• Burglar alarm systems

DS21143C-page 1

HCS301

The crypt key, serial number and configuration data are

stored in an EEPROM array which is not accessible via

any external connection. The EEPROM data is pro-

grammable but read-protected. The data can be veri-

fied only after an automatic erase and programming

operation. This protects against attempts to gain

access to keys or manipulate synchronization values.

The HCS301 provides an easy-to-use serial interface

for programming the necessary keys, system parame-

ters and configuration data.

• Learn – Learning involves the receiver calculating

the transmitter’s appropriate crypt key, decrypting

the received hopping code and storing the serial

number, synchronization counter value and crypt

key in EEPROM. The KEELOQ product family facil-

itates several learning strategies to be imple-

mented on the decoder. The following are

examples of what can be done.

- Simple Learning

The receiver uses a fixed crypt key, common

to all components of all systems by the same

manufacturer, to decrypt the received code

word’s encrypted portion.

1.0

SYSTEM OVERVIEW

Key Terms

- Normal Learning

The receiver uses information transmitted

during normal operation to derive the crypt

key and decrypt the received code word’s

encrypted portion.

The following is a list of key terms used throughout this

data sheet. For additional information on KEELOQ and

Code Hopping, refer to Technical Brief 3 (TB003).

• RKE - Remote Keyless Entry

- Secure Learn

• Button Status - Indicates what button input(s)

activated the transmission. Encompasses the 4

button status bits S3, S2, S1 and S0 (Figure 4-2).

The transmitter is activated through a special

button combination to transmit a stored 60-bit

seed value used to generate the transmitter’s

crypt key. The receiver uses this seed value

to derive the same crypt key and decrypt the

received code word’s encrypted portion.

• Code Hopping - A method by which a code,

viewed externally to the system, appears to

change unpredictably each time it is transmitted.

• Code word - A block of data that is repeatedly

transmitted upon button activation (Figure 4-1).

• Manufacturer’s code – A unique and secret 64-

bit number used to generate unique encoder crypt

keys. Each encoder is programmed with a crypt

key that is a function of the manufacturer’s code.

Each decoder is programmed with the manufac-

turer code itself.

• Transmission - A data stream consisting of

repeating code words (Figure 9-2).

• Crypt key - A unique and secret 64-bit number

used to encrypt and decrypt data. In a symmetri-

cal block cipher such as the KEELOQ algorithm,

the encryption and decryption keys are equal and

will therefore be referred to generally as the crypt

key.

The HCS301 code hopping encoder is designed specif-

ically for keyless entry systems; primarily vehicles and

home garage door openers. The encoder portion of a

keyless entry system is integrated into a transmitter,

carried by the user and operated to gain access to a

vehicle or restricted area. The HCS301 is meant to be

a cost-effective yet secure solution to such systems,

requiring very few external components (Figure 2-1).

• Encoder - A device that generates and encodes

data.

• Encryption Algorithm - A recipe whereby data is

scrambled using a crypt key. The data can only be

interpreted by the respective decryption algorithm

using the same crypt key.

Most low-end keyless entry transmitters are given a

fixed identification code that is transmitted every time a

button is pushed. The number of unique identification

codes in a low-end system is usually a relatively small

number. These shortcomings provide an opportunity

for a sophisticated thief to create a device that ‘grabs’

a transmission and retransmits it later, or a device that

quickly ‘scans’ all possible identification codes until the

correct one is found.

• Decoder - A device that decodes data received

from an encoder.

• Decryption algorithm - A recipe whereby data

scrambled by an encryption algorithm can be

unscrambled using the same crypt key.

The HCS301, on the other hand, employs the KEELOQ

code hopping technology coupled with a transmission

length of 66 bits to virtually eliminate the use of code

‘grabbing’ or code ‘scanning’. The high security level of

the HCS301 is based on the patented KEELOQ technol-

ogy. A block cipher based on a block length of 32 bits

and a key length of 64 bits is used. The algorithm

obscures the information in such a way that even if the

transmission information (before coding) differs by only

one bit from that of the previous transmission, the next

DS21143C-page 2

HCS301

coded transmission will be completely different. Statis-

tically, if only one bit in the 32-bit string of information

changes, greater than 50 percent of the coded trans-

mission bits will change.

The crypt key generation typically inputs the transmitter

serial number and 64-bit manufacturer’s code into the

key generation algorithm (Figure 1-1). The manufac-

turer’s code is chosen by the system manufacturer and

must be carefully controlled as it is a pivotal part of the

overall system security.

As indicated in the block diagram on page one, the

HCS301 has a small EEPROM array which must be

loaded with several parameters before use; most often

programmed by the manufacturer at the time of produc-

tion. The most important of these are:

• A 28-bit serial number, typically unique for every

encoder

• A crypt key

• An initial 16-bit synchronization value

• A 16-bit configuration value

FIGURE 1-1:

CREATION AND STORAGE OF CRYPT KEY DURING PRODUCTION

Production

Programmer

HCS301

Transmitter

Serial Number

EEPROM Array

Serial Number

Crypt Key

Sync Counter

.

Key

Crypt

Key

.

Manufacturer’s

Code

Generation

.

Algorithm

The 16-bit synchronization counter is the basis behind

the transmitted code word changing for each transmis-

sion; it increments each time a button is pressed. Due

to the code hopping algorithm’s complexity, each incre-

ment of the synchronization value results in greater

than 50% of the bits changing in the transmitted code

word.

A transmitter must first be ‘learned’ by the receiver

before its use is allowed in the system. Learning

includes calculating the transmitter’s appropriate crypt

key, decrypting the received hopping code and storing

the serial number, synchronization counter value and

crypt key in EEPROM.

In normal operation, each received message of valid

format is evaluated. The serial number is used to deter-

mine if it is from a learned transmitter. If from a learned

transmitter, the message is decrypted and the synchro-

nization counter is verified. Finally, the button status is

checked to see what operation is requested. Figure 1-3

shows the relationship between some of the values

stored by the receiver and the values received from

the transmitter.

Figure 1-2 shows how the key values in EEPROM are

used in the encoder. Once the encoder detects a button

press, it reads the button inputs and updates the syn-

chronization counter. The synchronization counter and

crypt key are input to the encryption algorithm and the

output is 32 bits of encrypted information. This data will

change with every button press, its value appearing

externally to ‘randomly hop around’, hence it is referred

to as the hopping portion of the code word. The 32-bit

hopping code is combined with the button information

and serial number to form the code word transmitted to

the receiver. The code word format is explained in

greater detail in Section 4.0.

A receiver may use any type of controller as a decoder,

but it is typically a microcontroller with compatible firm-

ware that allows the decoder to operate in conjunction

with an HCS301 based transmitter. Section 7.0

provides detail on integrating the HCS301 into a sys-

tem.

DS21143C-page 3

HCS301

FIGURE 1-2:

BUILDING THE TRANSMITTED CODE WORD (ENCODER)

EEPROM Array

Crypt Key

®

KEELOQ

Encryption

Algorithm

Sync Counter

Serial Number

Button Press

Serial Number

Information

32 Bits

Encrypted Data

Transmitted Information

FIGURE 1-3:

BASIC OPERATION OF RECEIVER (DECODER)

1

Received Information

Serial Number

EEPROM Array

32 Bits of

Encrypted Data

Button Press

Information

Manufacturer Code

Check for

Match

Serial Number

2

Sync Counter

Crypt Key

3

®

KEELOQ

Decryption

Algorithm

Decrypted

Synchronization

Counter

Check for

Match

4

Perform Function

Indicated by

5

button press

NOTE: Circled numbers indicate the order of execution.

DS21143C-page 4

HCS301

TABLE 2-1:

PIN DESCRIPTIONS

2.0

DEVICE OPERATION

As shown in the typical application circuits (Figure 2-1),

the HCS301 is a simple device to use. It requires only

the addition of buttons and RF circuitry for use as the

transmitter in your security application. A description of

each pin is given in Table 2-1.

Number

Name

Description

Switch input 0

S0

S1

S2

1

2

3

Switch input 1

Note: When VDD > 9.0V and driving low capaci-

tive loads, a resistor with a minimum value

of 50Ω should be used in line with VDD.

This prevents clamping of PWM at 9.0V in

the event of PWM overshoot.

Switch input 2 / Clock pin when in

Programming mode

S3

V^SS

4

5

6

Switch input 3

Ground reference

PWM

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)

output pin / Data pin for

Programming mode

FIGURE 2-1:

TYPICAL CIRCUITS

+12V

LED

VDD

7

8

Cathode connection for LED

Positive supply voltage

(2)

R

The HCS301 will wake-up upon detecting a button

press and delay approximately 10 ms for button

debounce (Figure 2-2). The synchronization counter,

discrimination value and button information will be

encrypted to form the hopping code. The hopping code

portion will change every transmission, even if the

same button is pushed again. A code word that has

been transmitted will not repeat for more than 64K

transmissions. This provides more than 18 years of use

before a code is repeated; based on 10 operations per

day. Overflow information sent from the encoder can be

used to extend the number of unique transmissions to

more than 192K.

B0

B1

S0

VDD

LED

S1

S2

S3

Tx out

PWM

VSS

2 button remote control

+12V

(2)

R

B4 B3 B2 B1 B0

S0

VDD

LED

PWM

VSS

If in the transmit process it is detected that a new but-

ton(s) has been pressed, a RESET will immediately

occur and the current code word will not be completed.

Please note that buttons removed will not have any

effect on the code word unless no buttons remain

pressed; in which case the code word will be completed

and the power-down will occur.

S1

S2

S3

Tx out

(1)

5 button remote control

Note 1: Up to 15 functions can be implemented by pressing

more than one button simultaneously or by using a

suitable diode array.

2: Resistor R is recommended for current limiting.

DS21143C-page 5

HCS301

FIGURE 2-2:

ENCODER OPERATION

3.0

EEPROM MEMORY

ORGANIZATION

Power-Up

(A button has been pressed)

The HCS301 contains 192 bits (12 x 16-bit words) of

EEPROM memory (Table 3-1). This EEPROM array is

used to store the encryption key information,

synchronization value, etc. Further descriptions of the

memory array is given in the following sections.

RESET and Debounce Delay

(10 ms)

Sample Inputs

TABLE 3-1:

EEPROM MEMORY MAP

Update Sync Info

WORD

ADDRESS

MNEMONIC

DESCRIPTION

Encrypt With

Crypt Key

0

1

2

3

4

KEY_0

64-bit encryption key

(word 0) LSb’s

Load Transmit Register

Transmit

KEY_1

KEY_2

KEY_3

SYNC

64-bit encryption key

(word 1)

64-bit encryption key

(word 2)

Buttons

Added

?

Yes

64-bit encryption key

(word 3) MSb’s

16-bit synchronization

value

No

All

5

6

RESERVED Set to 0000H

SER_0 Device Serial Number

(word 0) LSb’s

Buttons

Released

?

Yes

7

SER_1(Note) Device Serial Number

Complete Code

Word Transmission

(word 1) MSb’s

8

9

SEED_0

SEED_1

Seed Value (word 0)

Seed Value (word 1)

Stop

10

11

RESERVED Set to 0000H

CONFIG Config Word

Note: The MSB of the serial number contains a bit

used to select the Auto-shutoff timer.

3.1

KEY_0 - KEY_3 (64-Bit Crypt Key)

The 64-bit crypt key is used to create the encrypted

message transmitted to the receiver. This key is calcu-

lated and programmed during production using a key

generation algorithm. The key generation algorithm

may be different from the KEELOQ algorithm. Inputs to

the key generation algorithm are typically the transmit-

ter’s serial number and the 64-bit manufacturer’s code.

While the key generation algorithm supplied from

Microchip is the typical method used, a user may elect

to create their own method of key generation. This may

be done providing that the decoder is programmed with

the same means of creating the key for

decryption purposes.

DS21143C-page 6

HCS301

3.2

SYNC (Synchronization Counter)

3.6

CONFIG (Configuration Word)

This is the 16-bit synchronization value that is used to

create the hopping code for transmission. This value

will increment after every transmission.

The Configuration Word is a 16-bit word stored in

EEPROM array that is used by the device to store

information used during the encryption process, as well

as the status of option configurations. The following

sections further explain these bits.

3.3

Reserved

Must be initialized to 0000H.

TABLE 3-2:

Bit Number

CONFIGURATION WORD

Bit Description

3.4

SER_0, SER_1

(Encoder Serial Number)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Discrimination Bit 0

Discrimination Bit 1

Discrimination Bit 2

Discrimination Bit 3

Discrimination Bit 4

Discrimination Bit 5

Discrimination Bit 6

Discrimination Bit 7

Discrimination Bit 8

Discrimination Bit 9

Overflow Bit 0 (OVR0)

Overflow Bit 1 (OVR1)

Low Voltage Trip Point Select

(VLOW SEL)

SER_0 and SER_1 are the lower and upper words of

the device serial number, respectively. Although there

are 32 bits allocated for the serial number, only the

lower order 28 bits are transmitted. The serial number

is meant to be unique for every transmitter.

3.4.1

AUTO-SHUTOFF TIMER ENABLE

The Most Significant bit of the serial number (Bit 31) is

used to turn the Auto-shutoff timer on or off. This timer

prevents the transmitter from draining the battery

should a button get stuck in the on position for a long

period of time. The time period is approximately

25 seconds, after which the device will go to the Time-

out mode. When in the Time-out mode, the device will

stop transmitting, although since some circuits within

the device are still active, the current draw within the

Shutoff mode will be higher than Standby mode. If the

Most Significant bit in the serial number is a one, then

the Auto-shutoff timer is enabled, and a zero in the

Most Significant bit will disable the timer. The length of

the timer is not selectable.

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Baud rate Select Bit 0 (BSL0)

Baud rate Select Bit 1 (BSL1)

Reserved, set to 0

3.6.1

DISCRIMINATION VALUE

(DISC0 TO DISC9)

The discrimination value aids the post-decryption

check on the decoder end. It may be any value, but in

a typical system it will be programmed as the 10 Least

Significant bits of the serial number. Values other than

this must be separately stored by the receiver when a

transmitter is learned. The discrimination bits are part

of the information that form the encrypted portion of the

transmission (Figure 4-2). After the receiver has

decrypted a transmission, the discrimination bits are

checked against the receiver’s stored value to verify

that the decryption process was valid. If the discrimina-

tion value was programmed as the 10 LSb’s of the

serial number then it may merely be compared to the

respective bits of the received serial number; saving

EEPROM space.

3.5

SEED_0, SEED_1 (Seed Word)

The 2-word (32-bit) seed code will be transmitted when

all three buttons are pressed at the same time (see

Figure 4-2). This allows the system designer to imple-

ment the secure learn feature or use this fixed code

word as part of a different key generation/tracking pro-

cess.

3.6.2

OVERFLOW BITS

(OVR0, OVR1)

The overflow bits are used to extend the number of

possible synchronization values. The synchronization

counter is 16 bits in length, yielding 65,536 values

before the cycle repeats. Under typical use of

10 operations a day, this will provide nearly 18 years of

use before a repeated value will be used. Should the

system designer conclude that is not adequate, then

the overflow bits can be utilized to extend the number

DS21143C-page 7

HCS301

of unique values. This can be done by programming

OVR0 and OVR1 to 1s at the time of production. The

encoder will automatically clear OVR0 the first time that

the synchronization value wraps from 0xFFFF to

0x0000 and clear OVR1 the second time the counter

wraps. Once cleared, OVR0 and OVR1 cannot be set

again, thereby creating a permanent record of the

counter overflow. This prevents fast cycling of 64K

counter. If the decoder system is programmed to track

the overflow bits, then the effective number of unique

synchronization values can be extended to 196,608.

3.6.4

LOW VOLTAGE TRIP POINT

SELECT

The low voltage trip point select bit is used to tell the

HCS301 what VDD level is being used. This information

will be used by the device to determine when to send the

voltage low signal to the receiver. When this bit is set to

a one, the VDD level is assumed to be operating from a

9V or 12V VDD level. If the bit is set low, then the VDD level

is assumed to be 6.0 volts. Refer to Figure 3-1 for volt-

age trip point.

3.6.3

BAUD RATE SELECT BITS

(BSL0, BSL1)

FIGURE 3-1:

VOLTAGE TRIP POINTS

BY CHARACTERIZATION

BSL0 and BSL1 select the speed of transmission and

the code word blanking. Table 3-3 shows how the bits

are used to select the different baud rates and

Section 5.7 provides detailed explanation in code word

blanking.

Volts (V)

5.5

VLOW

VLOW sel = 0

5.0

Max

Min

4.5

4.0

TABLE 3-3:

BSL1 BSL0

BAUD RATE SELECT

3.5

3.0

Basic Pulse

Element

Code Words

Transmitted

2.5

0

1

0

1

0

1

400 μs

200 μs

100 μs

All

1 out of 2

1 out of 4

9.0

8.5

8.0

7.5

7.0

VLOW sel = 1

Max

Min

-40 -20

0

20 40 60 80 100

Temp (C)

DS21143C-page 8

HCS301

4.2

Code Word Organization

4.0

4.1

TRANSMITTED WORD

Code Word Format

The HCS301 transmits a 66-bit code word when a

button is pressed. The 66-bit word is constructed from

a Fixed Code portion and an Encrypted Code portion

(Figure 4-2).

The HCS301 code word is made up of several parts

(Figure 4-1). Each code word contains a 50% duty

cycle preamble, a header, 32 bits of encrypted data and

34 bits of fixed data followed by a guard period before

another code word can begin. Refer to Table 9-4 for

code word timing.

The 32 bits of Encrypted Data are generated from 4

button bits, 12 discrimination bits and the 16-bit sync

value. The encrypted portion alone provides up to four

billion changing code combinations.

The 34 bits of Fixed Code Data are made up of 2 sta-

tus bits, 4 button bits and the 28-bit serial number. The

fixed and encrypted sections combined increase the

number of code combinations to 7.38 x 10¹⁹

.

FIGURE 4-1:

CODE WORD FORMAT

TE TE

TE

LOGIC ‘0’

LOGIC ‘1’

Bit

Period

50% Duty Cycle

Preamble

TP

Encrypted Portion

of Transmission

Fixed Portion of

Transmission

TFIX

Guard

Time

TG

Header

TH

THOP

FIGURE 4-2:

CODE WORD ORGANIZATION

34 bits of Fixed Portion

32 bits of Encrypted Portion

Repeat VLOW

(1 bit) (1 bit)

Button

Status

Serial Number

(28 bits)

Button

Status

OVR

(2 bits) (10 bits)

DISC

Sync Counter

(16 bits)

S2 S1 S0 S3

MSb

LSb

66 Data bits

Transmitted

LSb first.

Repeat VLOW

(1 bit) (1 bit)

Button

Status

1 1 1 1

Serial Number

(28 bits)

SEED

(32 bits)

Note: SEED replaces Encrypted Portion when all button inputs are activated at the same time.

DS21143C-page 9

HCS301

The button code will be the S0, S1 value at the falling

edge of S2 or S3. The timing of the PWM data string is

controlled by supplying a clock on S2 or S3 and should

not exceed 20 kHz. The code word is the same as in

PWM mode with 16 reserved bits at the end of the

word. The reserved bits can be ignored. When in Syn-

chronous Transmission mode S2 or S3 should not be

toggled until all internal processing has been com-

pleted as shown in Figure 4-4.

4.3

Synchronous Transmission Mode

Synchronous Transmission mode can be used to clock

the code word out using an external clock.

To enter Synchronous Transmission mode, the Pro-

gramming mode start-up sequence must be executed

as shown in Figure 4-3. If either S1 or S0 is set on the

falling edge of S2 (or S3), the device enters Synchro-

nous Transmission mode. In this mode, it functions as

a normal transmitter, with the exception that the timing

of the PWM data string is controlled externally and 16

extra bits are transmitted at the end with the code word.

FIGURE 4-3:

SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION MODE

TPS

TPH2

TPH1

t = 50ms

Preamble

Header

Data

PWM

S2

“01,10,11”

S[1:0]

FIGURE 4-4:

CODE WORD ORGANIZATION (SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION MODE)

Fixed Portion

Encrypted Portion

Reserved

(16 bits)

Padding

(2 bits)

Button

Status

Serial Number

(28 bits)

Button

Status

DISC+ OVR

(12 bits)

Sync Counter

(16 bits)

S2 S1 S0 S3

82 Data bits

Transmitted

LSb first.

LSb

MSb

DS21143C-page 10

HCS301

5.6

Seed Transmission

5.0

5.1

SPECIAL FEATURES

Code Word Completion

In order to increase the level of security in a system, it

is possible for the receiver to implement what is known

as a secure learn function. This can be done by utilizing

the seed value stored in EEPROM, transmitted only

when all three button inputs are pressed at the same

time (Table 5-1). Instead of the normal key generation

inputs being used to create the crypt key, this seed

value is used.

The code word completion feature ensures that entire

code words are transmitted, even if the button is

released before the code word is complete. If the but-

ton is held down beyond the time for one code word,

multiple code words will result. If another button is acti-

vated during a transmission, the active transmission

will be aborted and a new transmission will begin using

the new button information.

TABLE 5-1:

PIN ACTIVATION TABLE

Function S3 S2 S1

S0

0

1

0

-

5.2

LED Output Operation

Standby

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

1

-

During normal transmission the LED output is LOW. If

the supply voltage drops below the low voltage trip

point, the LED output will be toggled at approximately

5Hz during the transmission (Section 3.6.4).

2

Hopping Code

Seed Code

-

5.3

RPT: Repeat Indicator

13

14

15

1

0

1

0

1

This bit will be low for the first transmitted word. If a

button is held down for more than one transmitted code

word, this bit will be set to indicate a repeated code

word and remain set until the button is released.

5.4

VLOW: Voltage LOW Indicator

The VLOW signal is transmitted so the receiver can give

an indication to the user that the transmitter battery is

low. The VLOW bit is included in every transmission

(Figure 4-2 and Figure 9-5) and will be transmitted as a

zero if the operating voltage is above the low voltage

trip point. Refer to Figure 4-2. The trip point is select-

able based on the battery voltage being used. See Sec-

tion 3.6.3 for a description of how the low voltage trip

point is configured.

5.5

Auto-shutoff

The Auto-shutoff function automatically stops the

device from transmitting if a button inadvertently gets

pressed for a long period of time. This will prevent the

device from draining the battery if a button gets

pressed while the transmitter is in a pocket or purse.

This function can be enabled or disabled and is

selected by setting or clearing the Auto-shutoff bit (see

Section 3.4.1). Setting this bit high will enable the func-

tion (turn Auto-shutoff function on) and setting the bit

low will disable the function. Time-out period is approx-

imately 25 seconds.

DS21143C-page 11

HCS301

ond code word (Figure 5-1). This is a selectable feature

that is determined in conjunction with the baud rate

selection bit BSL0.

5.7

Blank Alternate Code Word

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) part 15

rules specify the limits on worst case average funda-

mental power and harmonics that can be transmitted in

a 100 ms window. For FCC approval purposes, it may

therefore be advantageous to minimize the transmis-

sion duty cycle. This can be achieved by minimizing the

duty cycle of the individual bits as well as by blanking

out consecutive code words. Blank Alternate Code

Word (BACW) may be used to reduce the average

power of a transmission by transmitting only every sec-

Enabling the BACW option may likewise allow the user

to transmit a higher amplitude transmission as the time

averaged power is reduced. BACW effectively halves

the RF on time for a given transmission so the RF out-

put power could theoretically be doubled while main-

taining the same time averaged output power.

FIGURE 5-1:

BLANK ALTERNATE CODE WORD (BACW)

Amplitude

BACW Disabled

(All words transmitted)

Code Word

A

BACW Enabled

(1 out of 2 transmitted)

2A

4A

BACW Enabled

(1 out of 4 transmitted)

Time

DS21143C-page 12

HCS301

programming delay is required for the internal program

cycle to complete. This delay can take up to TWC. At the

end of the programming cycle, the device can be veri-

fied (Figure 6-2) by reading back the EEPROM. Read-

ing is done by clocking the S2 (or S3) line and reading

the data bits on PWM. For security reasons, it is not

possible to execute a verify function without first pro-

gramming the EEPROM. A Verify operation can only

be done once, immediately following the Program

cycle.

6.0

PROGRAMMING THE HCS301

When using the HCS301 in a system, the user will have

to program some parameters into the device including

the serial number and the secret key before it can be

used. The programming cycle allows the user to input

all 192 bits in a serial data stream, which are then

stored internally in EEPROM. Programming will be

initiated by forcing the PWM line high, after the S2 (or

S3) line has been held high for the appropriate length

of time line (Table 6-1 and Figure 6-1). After the Pro-

gram mode is entered, a delay must be provided to the

device for the automatic bulk write cycle to complete.

This will set all locations in the EEPROM to zeros. The

device can then be programmed by clocking in 16 bits

at a time, using S2 (or S3) as the clock line and PWM

as the data in line. After each 16-bit word is loaded, a

Note: To ensure that the device does not acci-

dentally enter Programming mode, PWM

should never be pulled high by the circuit

connected to it. Special care should be

taken when driving PNP RF transistors.

FIGURE 6-1:

PROGRAMMING WAVEFORMS

Enter Program

Mode

TPBW

TDS

TCLKH

TWC

S2 (S3)

(Clock)

TPS

TPH1

TDH

Bit 3

TCLKL

Bit 0 Bit 1

PWM

(Data)

Bit 2

Bit 14 Bit 15

Bit 16 Bit 17

Data for Word 1

Data for Word 0 (KEY_0)

Repeat for each word (12 times)

TPH2

Note 1: Unused button inputs to be held to ground during the entire programming sequence.

2: The VDD pin must be taken to ground after a Program/Verify cycle.

FIGURE 6-2:

VERIFY WAVEFORMS

Beginning of Verify Cycle

Data from Word 0

End of Programming Cycle

PWM

(Data)

Bit190 Bit191

Bit 0

Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3

Bit 14

Bit 15

Bit 16 Bit 17

Bit190 Bit191

TWC

TDV

S2 (S3)

(Clock)

Note: If a Verify operation is to be done, then it must immediately follow the Program cycle.

DS21143C-page 13

HCS301

TABLE 6-1:

PROGRAMMING/VERIFY TIMING REQUIREMENTS

VDD = 5.0V ± 10%, 25 °C ± 5 °C

Parameter

Symbol

T^PS

Min.

3.5

50

Max.

4.5

—

Units

ms

μs

Program mode setup time

Hold time 1

T^PH1

T^PH2

T^PBW

T^PROG

T^WC

Hold time 2

—

Bulk Write time

4.0

50

—

ms

μs

Program delay time

Program cycle time

Clock low time

—

T^CLKL

T^CLKH

T^DS

50

—

Clock high time

50

—

μs

μs⁽¹⁾

Data setup time

0

—

Data hold time

T^DH

T^DV

30

—

Data out valid time

30

Note 1: Typical values - not tested in production.

DS21143C-page 14

HCS301

FIGURE 7-1:

TYPICAL LEARN

SEQUENCE

7.0

INTEGRATING THE HCS301

INTO A SYSTEM

Enter Learn

Use of the HCS301 in a system requires a compatible

decoder. This decoder is typically a microcontroller with

compatible firmware. Microchip will provide (via a

license agreement) firmware routines that accept

transmissions from the HCS301 and decrypt the

hopping code portion of the data stream. These

routines provide system designers the means to

develop their own decoding system.

Mode

Wait for Reception

of a Valid Code

Generate Key

from Serial Number

Use Generated Key

to Decrypt

7.1

Learning a Transmitter to a

Receiver

Compare Discrimination

Value with Fixed Value

A transmitter must first be 'learned' by a decoder before

its use is allowed in the system. Several learning strat-

egies are possible, Figure 7-1 details a typical learn

sequence. Core to each, the decoder must minimally

store each learned transmitter's serial number and cur-

rent synchronization counter value in EEPROM. Addi-

tionally, the decoder typically stores each transmitter's

unique crypt key. The maximum number of learned

transmitters will therefore be relative to the available

EEPROM.

No

Equal

?

Yes

Wait for Reception

of Second Valid Code

Use Generated Key

to Decrypt

A transmitter's serial number is transmitted in the clear

but the synchronization counter only exists in the code

word's encrypted portion. The decoder obtains the

counter value by decrypting using the same key used

to encrypt the information. The KEELOQ algorithm is a

symmetrical block cipher so the encryption and decryp-

tion keys are identical and referred to generally as the

crypt key. The encoder receives its crypt key during

manufacturing. The decoder is programmed with the

ability to generate a crypt key as well as all but one

required input to the key generation routine; typically

the transmitter's serial number.

Compare Discrimination

Value with Fixed Value

No

Equal

?

Yes

No

Counters

Sequential

?

Figure 7-1 summarizes a typical learn sequence. The

decoder receives and authenticates a first transmis-

sion; first button press. Authentication involves gener-

ating the appropriate crypt key, decrypting, validating

the correct key usage via the discrimination bits and

buffering the counter value. A second transmission is

received and authenticated. A final check verifies the

counter values were sequential; consecutive button

presses. If the learn sequence is successfully com-

plete, the decoder stores the learned transmitter's

serial number, current synchronization counter value

and appropriate crypt key. From now on the crypt key

will be retrieved from EEPROM during normal opera-

tion instead of recalculating it for each transmission

received.

Yes

Learn

Unsuccessful

Learn successful Store:

Serial number

Encryption key

Synchronization counter

Exit

Certain learning strategies have been patented and

care must be taken not to infringe.

DS21143C-page 15

HCS301

7.2

Decoder Operation

7.3

Synchronization with Decoder

(Evaluating the Counter)

Figure 7-2 summarizes normal decoder operation. The

decoder waits until a transmission is received. The

received serial number is compared to the EEPROM

table of learned transmitters to first determine if this

transmitter's use is allowed in the system. If from a

learned transmitter, the transmission is decrypted

using the stored crypt key and authenticated via the

discrimination bits for appropriate crypt key usage. If

the decryption was valid the synchronization value is

evaluated.

The KEELOQ technology patent scope includes a

sophisticated synchronization technique that does not

require the calculation and storage of future codes. The

technique securely blocks invalid transmissions while

providing transparent resynchronization to transmitters

inadvertently activated away from the receiver.

Figure 7-3 shows a 3-partition, rotating synchronization

window. The size of each window is optional but the

technique is fundamental. Each time a transmission is

authenticated, the intended function is executed and

the transmission's synchronization counter value is

stored in EEPROM. From the currently stored counter

value there is an initial "Single Operation" forward win-

dow of 16 codes. If the difference between a received

synchronization counter and the last stored counter is

within 16, the intended function will be executed on the

single button press and the new synchronization coun-

ter will be stored. Storing the new synchronization

counter value effectively rotates the entire synchroniza-

tion window.

FIGURE 7-2:

TYPICAL DECODER

OPERATION

Start

No

Transmission

Received

?

Yes

A "Double Operation" (resynchronization) window fur-

ther exists from the Single Operation window up to 32K

codes forward of the currently stored counter value. It

is referred to as "Double Operation" because a trans-

mission with synchronization counter value in this win-

dow will require an additional, sequential counter

transmission prior to executing the intended function.

Upon receiving the sequential transmission the

decoder executes the intended function and stores the

synchronization counter value. This resynchronization

occurs transparently to the user as it is human nature

to press the button a second time if the first was unsuc-

cessful.

Does

Serial Number

Match

No

?

Yes

Decrypt Transmission

Is

No

Decryption

Valid

?

Yes

The third window is a "Blocked Window" ranging from

the double operation window to the currently stored

synchronization counter value. Any transmission with

synchronization counter value within this window will

be ignored. This window excludes previously used,

perhaps code-grabbed transmissions from accessing

the system.

Execute

Command

and

Update

Counter

Is

Counter

Within 16

?

No

Yes

No

Is

Counter

Within 32K

?

Note: The synchronization method described in

this section is only a typical implementation

and because it is usually implemented in

firmware, it can be altered to fit the needs

of a particular system.

Yes

Save Counter

in Temp Location

DS21143C-page 16

HCS301

FIGURE 7-3:

SYNCHRONIZATION WINDOW

Entire Window

rotates to eliminate

use of previously

used codes

Blocked

Window

(32K Codes)

Stored

Synchronization

Counter Value

Double Operation

(resynchronization)

Window

Single Operation

Window

(32K Codes)

(16 Codes)

DS21143C-page 17

HCS301

8.1

MPLAB Integrated Development

Environment Software

8.0

DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT

The PIC^®microcontrollers and dsPIC^®digital signal

controllers are supported with a full range of software

and hardware development tools:

The MPLAB IDE software brings an ease of software

development previously unseen in the 8/16/32-bit

microcontroller market. The MPLAB IDE is a Windows^®

operating system-based application that contains:

• Integrated Development Environment

- MPLAB^®IDE Software

• A single graphical interface to all debugging tools

- Simulator

• Compilers/Assemblers/Linkers

- MPLAB C Compiler for Various Device

Families

- Programmer (sold separately)

- In-Circuit Emulator (sold separately)

- In-Circuit Debugger (sold separately)

• A full-featured editor with color-coded context

• A multiple project manager

- HI-TECH C for Various Device Families

- MPASM^TMAssembler

- MPLINK^TMObject Linker/

MPLIB^TMObject Librarian

- MPLAB Assembler/Linker/Librarian for

Various Device Families

• Customizable data windows with direct edit of

contents

• Simulators

• High-level source code debugging

• Mouse over variable inspection

- MPLAB SIM Software Simulator

• Emulators

• Drag and drop variables from source to watch

windows

- MPLAB REAL ICE™ In-Circuit Emulator

• In-Circuit Debuggers

• Extensive on-line help

• Integration of select third party tools, such as

IAR C Compilers

- MPLAB ICD 3

- PICkit™ 3 Debug Express

• Device Programmers

- PICkit™ 2 Programmer

- MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer

The MPLAB IDE allows you to:

• Edit your source files (either C or assembly)

• One-touch compile or assemble, and download to

emulator and simulator tools (automatically

updates all project information)

• Low-Cost Demonstration/Development Boards,

Evaluation Kits, and Starter Kits

• Debug using:

- Source files (C or assembly)

- Mixed C and assembly

- Machine code

MPLAB IDE supports multiple debugging tools in a

single development paradigm, from the cost-effective

simulators, through low-cost in-circuit debuggers, to

full-featured emulators. This eliminates the learning

curve when upgrading to tools with increased flexibility

and power.

DS21143C-page 18

HCS301

8.2

MPLAB C Compilers for Various

Device Families

8.5

MPLINK Object Linker/

MPLIB Object Librarian

The MPLAB C Compiler code development systems

are complete ANSI C compilers for Microchip’s PIC18,

PIC24 and PIC32 families of microcontrollers and the

dsPIC30 and dsPIC33 families of digital signal control-

lers. These compilers provide powerful integration

capabilities, superior code optimization and ease of

use.

The MPLINK Object Linker combines relocatable

objects created by the MPASM Assembler and the

MPLAB C18 C Compiler. It can link relocatable objects

from precompiled libraries, using directives from a

linker script.

The MPLIB Object Librarian manages the creation and

modification of library files of precompiled code. When

a routine from a library is called from a source file, only

the modules that contain that routine will be linked in

with the application. This allows large libraries to be

used efficiently in many different applications.

For easy source level debugging, the compilers provide

symbol information that is optimized to the MPLAB IDE

debugger.

8.3

HI-TECH C for Various Device

Families

The object linker/library features include:

• Efficient linking of single libraries instead of many

smaller files

The HI-TECH C Compiler code development systems

are complete ANSI C compilers for Microchip’s PIC

family of microcontrollers and the dsPIC family of digital

signal controllers. These compilers provide powerful

integration capabilities, omniscient code generation

and ease of use.

• Enhanced code maintainability by grouping

related modules together

• Flexible creation of libraries with easy module

listing, replacement, deletion and extraction

8.6

MPLAB Assembler, Linker and

Librarian for Various Device

Families

For easy source level debugging, the compilers provide

symbol information that is optimized to the MPLAB IDE

debugger.

The compilers include a macro assembler, linker, pre-

processor, and one-step driver, and can run on multiple

platforms.

MPLAB Assembler produces relocatable machine

code from symbolic assembly language for PIC24,

PIC32 and dsPIC devices. MPLAB C Compiler uses

the assembler to produce its object file. The assembler

generates relocatable object files that can then be

archived or linked with other relocatable object files and

archives to create an executable file. Notable features

of the assembler include:

8.4

MPASM Assembler

The MPASM Assembler is a full-featured, universal

macro assembler for PIC10/12/16/18 MCUs.

The MPASM Assembler generates relocatable object

files for the MPLINK Object Linker, Intel^®standard HEX

files, MAP files to detail memory usage and symbol

reference, absolute LST files that contain source lines

and generated machine code and COFF files for

debugging.

• Support for the entire device instruction set

• Support for fixed-point and floating-point data

• Command line interface

• Rich directive set

• Flexible macro language

The MPASM Assembler features include:

• Integration into MPLAB IDE projects

• MPLAB IDE compatibility

• User-defined macros to streamline

assembly code

• Conditional assembly for multi-purpose

source files

• Directives that allow complete control over the

assembly process

DS21143C-page 19

HCS301

8.7

MPLAB SIM Software Simulator

8.9

MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger

System

The MPLAB SIM Software Simulator allows code

development in a PC-hosted environment by simulat-

ing the PIC MCUs and dsPIC^®DSCs on an instruction

level. On any given instruction, the data areas can be

examined or modified and stimuli can be applied from

a comprehensive stimulus controller. Registers can be

logged to files for further run-time analysis. The trace

buffer and logic analyzer display extend the power of

the simulator to record and track program execution,

actions on I/O, most peripherals and internal registers.

MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger System is Micro-

chip's most cost effective high-speed hardware

debugger/programmer for Microchip Flash Digital Sig-

nal Controller (DSC) and microcontroller (MCU)

devices. It debugs and programs PIC^®Flash microcon-

trollers and dsPIC^®DSCs with the powerful, yet easy-

to-use graphical user interface of MPLAB Integrated

Development Environment (IDE).

The MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger probe is con-

nected to the design engineer's PC using a high-speed

USB 2.0 interface and is connected to the target with a

connector compatible with the MPLAB ICD 2 or MPLAB

REAL ICE systems (RJ-11). MPLAB ICD 3 supports all

MPLAB ICD 2 headers.

The MPLAB SIM Software Simulator fully supports

symbolic debugging using the MPLAB C Compilers,

and the MPASM and MPLAB Assemblers. The soft-

ware simulator offers the flexibility to develop and

debug code outside of the hardware laboratory envi-

ronment, making it an excellent, economical software

development tool.

8.10 PICkit 3 In-Circuit Debugger/

Programmer and

8.8

MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit

Emulator System

PICkit 3 Debug Express

The MPLAB PICkit 3 allows debugging and program-

ming of PIC^®and dsPIC^®Flash microcontrollers at a

most affordable price point using the powerful graphical

user interface of the MPLAB Integrated Development

Environment (IDE). The MPLAB PICkit 3 is connected

to the design engineer's PC using a full speed USB

interface and can be connected to the target via an

Microchip debug (RJ-11) connector (compatible with

MPLAB ICD 3 and MPLAB REAL ICE). The connector

uses two device I/O pins and the reset line to imple-

ment in-circuit debugging and In-Circuit Serial Pro-

gramming™.

MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit Emulator System is

Microchip’s next generation high-speed emulator for

Microchip Flash DSC and MCU devices. It debugs and

programs PIC^®Flash MCUs and dsPIC^®Flash DSCs

with the easy-to-use, powerful graphical user interface of

the MPLAB Integrated Development Environment (IDE),

included with each kit.

The emulator is connected to the design engineer’s PC

using a high-speed USB 2.0 interface and is connected

to the target with either a connector compatible with in-

circuit debugger systems (RJ11) or with the new high-

speed, noise tolerant, Low-Voltage Differential Signal

(LVDS) interconnection (CAT5).

The PICkit 3 Debug Express include the PICkit 3, demo

board and microcontroller, hookup cables and CDROM

with user’s guide, lessons, tutorial, compiler and

MPLAB IDE software.

The emulator is field upgradable through future firmware

downloads in MPLAB IDE. In upcoming releases of

MPLAB IDE, new devices will be supported, and new

features will be added. MPLAB REAL ICE offers

significant advantages over competitive emulators

including low-cost, full-speed emulation, run-time

variable watches, trace analysis, complex breakpoints, a

ruggedized probe interface and long (up to three meters)

interconnection cables.

DS21143C-page 20

HCS301

8.11 PICkit 2 Development

Programmer/Debugger and

PICkit 2 Debug Express

8.13 Demonstration/Development

Boards, Evaluation Kits, and

Starter Kits

The PICkit™ 2 Development Programmer/Debugger is

a low-cost development tool with an easy to use inter-

face for programming and debugging Microchip’s Flash

families of microcontrollers. The full featured

Windows^®programming interface supports baseline

A wide variety of demonstration, development and

evaluation boards for various PIC MCUs and dsPIC

DSCs allows quick application development on fully func-

tional systems. Most boards include prototyping areas for

adding custom circuitry and provide application firmware

and source code for examination and modification.

(PIC10F,

PIC12F5xx,

PIC16F5xx),

midrange

(PIC12F6xx, PIC16F), PIC18F, PIC24, dsPIC30,

dsPIC33, and PIC32 families of 8-bit, 16-bit, and 32-bit

microcontrollers, and many Microchip Serial EEPROM

products. With Microchip’s powerful MPLAB Integrated

The boards support a variety of features, including LEDs,

temperature sensors, switches, speakers, RS-232

interfaces, LCD displays, potentiometers and additional

EEPROM memory.

Development Environment (IDE) the PICkit™

2

enables in-circuit debugging on most PIC^®microcon-

trollers. In-Circuit-Debugging runs, halts and single

steps the program while the PIC microcontroller is

embedded in the application. When halted at a break-

point, the file registers can be examined and modified.

The demonstration and development boards can be

used in teaching environments, for prototyping custom

circuits and for learning about various microcontroller

applications.

In addition to the PICDEM™ and dsPICDEM™ demon-

stration/development board series of circuits, Microchip

has a line of evaluation kits and demonstration software

The PICkit 2 Debug Express include the PICkit 2, demo

board and microcontroller, hookup cables and CDROM

with user’s guide, lessons, tutorial, compiler and

MPLAB IDE software.

®

for analog filter design, KEELOQ security ICs, CAN,

IrDA^®, PowerSmart battery management, SEEVAL^®

evaluation system, Sigma-Delta ADC, flow rate

sensing, plus many more.

8.12 MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer

Also available are starter kits that contain everything

needed to experience the specified device. This usually

includes a single application and debug capability, all

on one board.

The MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer is a universal,

CE compliant device programmer with programmable

voltage verification at VDDMIN and VDDMAX for

maximum reliability. It features a large LCD display

(128 x 64) for menus and error messages and a modu-

lar, detachable socket assembly to support various

package types. The ICSP™ cable assembly is included

as a standard item. In Stand-Alone mode, the MPLAB

PM3 Device Programmer can read, verify and program

PIC devices without a PC connection. It can also set

code protection in this mode. The MPLAB PM3

connects to the host PC via an RS-232 or USB cable.

The MPLAB PM3 has high-speed communications and

optimized algorithms for quick programming of large

memory devices and incorporates an MMC card for file

storage and data applications.

Check the Microchip web page (www.microchip.com)

for the complete list of demonstration, development

and evaluation kits.

DS21143C-page 21

HCS301

9.0

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

TABLE 9-1:

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Symbol

Item

Rating

-0.3 to 13.3

-0.3 to VDD + 0.3

25

Units

VDD

V^IN

Supply voltage

Input voltage

V

V^OUT

I^OUT

Output voltage

Max output current

Storage temperature

Lead soldering temp

ESD rating

V

mA

T^STG

T^LSOL

V^ESD

-55 to +125

300

°C (Note)

V

4000

Note: Stresses above those listed under “ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS” may cause permanent damage to

the device.

TABLE 9-2:

DC CHARACTERISTICS

Commercial (C): Tamb = 0 °C to +70 °C

Industrial

(I): Tamb = -40 °C to +85 °C

3.5V < VDD < 13.0V

Parameter

Sym.

Min

Typ*

Max

Unit

Conditions

Operating current (avg)

ICC

0.6

1.5

8.0

1.0

3.0

12.0

VDD = 3.5V

VDD = 6.6V

VDD = 13.0V

(Figure 9-1)

mA

Standby current

ICCS

VIH

1

10

μA

High level Input voltage

0.4 VDD

VDD+

0.3

V

Low level input voltage

High level output voltage

Low level output voltage

LED sink current

VIL

VOH

VOL

ILED

-0.3

0.15 VDD

V

0.5 VDD

IOH = -2 mA

IOL = 2 mA

0.08 VDD

V

3.5

2.7

4.7

3.7

5.9

4.6

mA

VDD = 6.6V, VLOW source = 0

VDD = 13.0V, VLOW source = 1

Pull-down Resistance;

S0-S3

RS0-3

RPWM

40

60

80

VIN = 4.0V

kΩ

Pull-down Resistance;

PWM

80

120

160

VIN = 4.0V

Note: Typical values are at 25 °C.

DS21143C-page 22

HCS301

FIGURE 9-1:

TYPICAL ICC CURVE OF HCS301 WITH EXTERNAL RESISTORS

50Ω External

12.0

10.0

8.0

6.0

4.0

2.0

0.0

2

13

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

VBAT [V]

1kΩ External

12.0

10.0

8.0

6.0

4.0

2.0

0.0

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

VBAT [V]

2 kΩ External

12.0

10.0

8.0

6.0

4.0

2.0

0.0

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

VBAT [V]

LEGEND

Typical

Maximum

Minimum

DS21143C-page 23

HCS301

FIGURE 9-2:

POWER-UP AND TRANSMIT TIMING

Button Press

Detect

Multiple Code Word Transmission

TBP

TTD

TDB

PWM

Output

Code

Word

1

Code

Word

3

Code

Word

4

Code

Word

n

Code

Word

2

TTO

Button

Input

Sn

(2)

TABLE 9-3:

POWER-UP AND TRANSMIT TIMING

VDD = +3.5 to 13.0V

Commercial(C): Tamb = 0°C to +70°C

Industrial(I): Tamb = -40°C to +85°C

Symbol

Parameter

Min

Max

Unit

Remarks

(Note 1)

TBP

Time to second button press

10 + Code 26 + Code

ms

Word

TTD

TDB

TTO

Transmit delay from button detect

Debounce Delay

10

26

ms

s

6

15

Auto-shutoff time-out period

20

120

Note 1: TBP is the time in which a second button can be pressed without completion of the first code word and the

intention was to press the combination of buttons.

2: Typical values - not tested in production.

FIGURE 9-3:

CODE WORD FORMAT

TE

LOGIC ‘0’

LOGIC ‘1’

Bit Period

TBP

50% Duty Cycle

Preamble

TP

Encrypted Portion

of Transmission

Fixed Portion of

Transmission

Guard

Time

TG

Header

TH

TFIX

THOP

DS21143C-page 24

HCS301

FIGURE 9-4:

CODE WORD FORMAT: PREAMBLE/HEADER PORTION

P1

P12

Bit 0 Bit 1

23 TE 50% Duty Cycle Preamble

10 TE Header

Data Bits

FIGURE 9-5:

CODE WORD FORMAT: DATA PORTION

Serial Number

Button Code

S0 S1

Status

MSB LSB

MSB S3

S2 VLOW RPT

LSB

Bit 0 Bit 1

Encrypted Portion

Bit 30 Bit 31 Bit 32 Bit 33 Bit 58 Bit 59 Bit 60

Bit 62 Bit 63 Bit 64 Bit 65

Bit 61

Fixed Portion

Guard

Time

Header

TABLE 9-4:

CODE WORD TRANSMISSION TIMING REQUIREMENTS

VDD = +2.0 to 6.0V

Commercial(C):Tamb = 0 °C to +70 °C

Industrial(I):Tamb = -40 °C to +85 °C

Code Words Transmitted

1 out of 2

All

1 out of 4

Number

of TE

Symbol

Characteristic

Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. Units

Basic pulse element

PWM bit pulse width

Preamble duration

Header duration

TE

TBP

TP

1

260

400

660

130

200

600

4.6

330

990

7.6

65

195

1.5

0.7

6.2

6.6

2.5

100

300

2.3

1.0

9.6

165

495

3.8

μs

3

780 1200 1980 390

23

10

96

102

39

270

—

6.0

2.6

9.2

4.0

15.2

6.6

3.0

1.3

ms

TH

2.0

3.3

1.7

Hopping code duration

Fixed code duration

Guard Time

THOP

TFIX

TG

25.0 38.4 63.4 12.5 19.2 31.7

26.5 40.8 67.3 13.3 20.4 33.7

15.8

10.2 16.8

3.9 6.4

10.1 15.6 25.7

5.1

7.8

12.9

Total Transmit Time

PWM data rate

—

70.2 108.0 178.2 35.1 54.0 89.1 17.6 27.0 44.6

1282 833

—

505 2564 1667 1010 5128 3333 2020 bps

Note: The timing parameters are not tested but derived from the oscillator clock.

DS21143C-page 25

HCS301

FIGURE 9-6:

HCS301 TE VS. TEMP (BY CHARACTERIZATION ONLY)

1.7

1.6

1.5

TE MAX.

VDD = 3.5V

1.4

1.3

1.2

VDD = 5.0V

TE MAX.

TE

1.1

1.0

0.9

0.8

0.7

VDD = 5.0V

Typical

VDD = 5.0V

TE Min.

0.6

-50 -40 -30 -20 -10

0

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

TEMPERATURE

DS21143C-page 26

HCS301

10.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION

10.1 Package Marking Information

8-Lead PDIP

Example

HCS301

XXXXXXXX

XXXXXNNN

YYWW

0025

8-Lead SOIC

Example

XXXXXXX

HCS301

XXXYYWW

XXX0025

NNN

Legend: XX...X Customer specific information*

Y

Year code (last digit of calendar year)

YY

WW

NNN

Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year)

Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’)

Alphanumeric traceability code

Note: In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will

be carried over to the next line thus limiting the number of available characters

for customer specific information.

*

Standard PIC^®MCU device marking consists of Microchip part number, year code, week code, and

traceability code. For PIC device marking beyond this, certain price adders apply. Please check with your

Microchip Sales Office. For QTP devices, any special marking adders are included in QTP price.

DS21143C-page 27

HCS301

10.2 Package Details

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DS21143C-page 28

HCS301

Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at

http://www.microchip.com/packaging

DS21143C-page 29

HCS301

Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at

http://www.microchip.com/packaging

DS21143C-page 30

HCS301

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DS21143C-page 31

HCS301

APPENDIX A: ADDITIONAL

INFORMATION

Microchip’s Secure Data Products are covered by

some or all of the following:

Code hopping encoder patents issued in European

countries and U.S.A.

Secure learning patents issued in European countries,

U.S.A. and R.S.A.

REVISION HISTORY

Revision C (June 2011)

• Updated the following sections: Develoment Sup-

port, The Microchip Web Site, Reader Response

and HCS301 Product Identification System

• Added new section Appendix A

• Minor formatting and text changes were incorporated

throughout the document

DS21143C-page 32

HCS301

THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE

CUSTOMER SUPPORT

Microchip provides online support via our WWW site at

www.microchip.com. This web site is used as a means

to make files and information easily available to

customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet

browser, the web site contains the following

information:

Users of Microchip products can receive assistance

through several channels:

• Distributor or Representative

• Local Sales Office

• Field Application Engineer (FAE)

• Technical Support

• Product Support – Data sheets and errata,

application notes and sample programs, design

resources, user’s guides and hardware support

documents, latest software releases and archived

software

• Development Systems Information Line

Customers

should

contact

their

distributor,

representative or field application engineer (FAE) for

support. Local sales offices are also available to help

customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is

included in the back of this document.

• General Technical Support – Frequently Asked

Questions (FAQ), technical support requests,

online discussion groups, Microchip consultant

program member listing

Technical support is available through the web site

at: http://microchip.com/support

• Business of Microchip – Product selector and

ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases,

listing of seminars and events, listings of

Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory

representatives

CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION

SERVICE

Microchip’s customer notification service helps keep

customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers

will receive e-mail notification whenever there are

changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a

specified product family or development tool of interest.

To register, access the Microchip web site at

www.microchip.com. Under “Support”, click on

“Customer Change Notification” and follow the

registration instructions.

DS21143C-page 33

HCS301

READER RESPONSE

It is our intention to provide you with the best documentation possible to ensure successful use of your Microchip

product. If you wish to provide your comments on organization, clarity, subject matter, and ways in which our

documentation can better serve you, please FAX your comments to the Technical Publications Manager at

(480) 792-4150.

Please list the following information, and use this outline to provide us with your comments about this document.

TO:

RE:

Technical Publications Manager

Reader Response

Total Pages Sent ________

From:

Name

Company

Address

City / State / ZIP / Country

Telephone: (_______) _________ - _________

FAX: (______) _________ - _________

Application (optional):

Would you like a reply?

Y

N

HCS301

DS21143C

Literature Number:

Device:

Questions:

1. What are the best features of this document?

2. How does this document meet your hardware and software development needs?

3. Do you find the organization of this document easy to follow? If not, why?

4. What additions to the document do you think would enhance the structure and subject?

5. What deletions from the document could be made without affecting the overall usefulness?

6. Is there any incorrect or misleading information (what and where)?

7. How would you improve this document?

DS21143C-page 34

HCS301

HCS301 PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM

To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office.

HCS301 /P

-

Package:

P = Plastic DIP (300 mil Body), 8-lead

SN = Plastic SOIC (150 mil Body), 8-lead

Temperature

Range:

Blank = 0°C to +70°C

I = –40°C to +85°C

Device:

HCS301

HCS301T

Code Hopping Encoder

Code Hopping Encoder (Tape and Reel)

=

DS21143C-page 35

HCS301

NOTES:

DS21143C-page 36

Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices:

•

Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.

•

Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the

intended manner and under normal conditions.

•

There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our

knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data

Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property.

•

Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.

Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not

mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.”

Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our

products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts

allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act.

Information contained in this publication regarding device

applications and the like is provided only for your convenience

and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to

ensure that your application meets with your specifications.

MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR

WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR

IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR

OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION,

INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION,

QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR

FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability

arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip

devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at

the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and

hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims,

suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are

conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip

intellectual property rights.

Trademarks

The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC,

KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART,

PIC³²logo, rfPIC and UNI/O are registered trademarks of

Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other

countries.

FilterLab, Hampshire, HI-TECH C, Linear Active Thermistor,

MXDEV, MXLAB, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control

Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip

Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.

Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, CodeGuard,

dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, dsSPEAK, ECAN,

ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, HI-TIDE, In-Circuit Serial

Programming, ICSP, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPLAB Certified

logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, mTouch, Omniscient Code

Generation, PICC, PICC-18, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit,

PICtail, REAL ICE, rfLAB, Select Mode, Total Endurance,

TSHARC, UniWinDriver, WiperLock and ZENA are

trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the

U.S.A. and other countries.

SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated

in the U.S.A.

All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their

respective companies.

Printed on recycled paper.

ISBN: 978-1-61341-220-6

Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2002 certification for its worldwide

headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and

Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California

and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures

are for its PIC^®MCUs and dsPIC^®DSCs, KEELOQ^®code hopping

devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and

analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design

and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified.

DS21143C-page 37

Worldwide Sales and Service

AMERICAS

ASIA/PACIFIC

EUROPE

Corporate Office

2355 West Chandler Blvd.

Chandler, AZ 85224-6199

Tel: 480-792-7200

Fax: 480-792-7277

Technical Support:

http://www.microchip.com/

support

Asia Pacific Office

Suites 3707-14, 37th Floor

Tower 6, The Gateway

Harbour City, Kowloon

Hong Kong

Tel: 852-2401-1200

Fax: 852-2401-3431

India - Bangalore

Tel: 91-80-3090-4444

Fax: 91-80-3090-4123

Austria - Wels

Tel: 43-7242-2244-39

Fax: 43-7242-2244-393

Denmark - Copenhagen

Tel: 45-4450-2828

Fax: 45-4485-2829

India - New Delhi

Tel: 91-11-4160-8631

Fax: 91-11-4160-8632

France - Paris

Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20

Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79

India - Pune

Tel: 91-20-2566-1512

Fax: 91-20-2566-1513

Australia - Sydney

Tel: 61-2-9868-6733

Fax: 61-2-9868-6755

Web Address:

www.microchip.com

Germany - Munich

Tel: 49-89-627-144-0

Fax: 49-89-627-144-44

Japan - Yokohama

Tel: 81-45-471- 6166

Fax: 81-45-471-6122

Atlanta

Duluth, GA

Tel: 678-957-9614

Fax: 678-957-1455

China - Beijing

Tel: 86-10-8569-7000

Fax: 86-10-8528-2104

Italy - Milan

Tel: 39-0331-742611

Fax: 39-0331-466781

Korea - Daegu

Tel: 82-53-744-4301

Fax: 82-53-744-4302

China - Chengdu

Tel: 86-28-8665-5511

Fax: 86-28-8665-7889

Boston

Westborough, MA

Tel: 774-760-0087

Fax: 774-760-0088

Netherlands - Drunen

Tel: 31-416-690399

Fax: 31-416-690340

Korea - Seoul

China - Chongqing

Tel: 86-23-8980-9588

Fax: 86-23-8980-9500

Tel: 82-2-554-7200

Fax: 82-2-558-5932 or

82-2-558-5934

Chicago

Itasca, IL

Tel: 630-285-0071

Fax: 630-285-0075

Spain - Madrid

Tel: 34-91-708-08-90

Fax: 34-91-708-08-91

China - Hangzhou

Tel: 86-571-2819-3180

Fax: 86-571-2819-3189

Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur

Tel: 60-3-6201-9857

Fax: 60-3-6201-9859

UK - Wokingham

Tel: 44-118-921-5869

Fax: 44-118-921-5820

Cleveland

Independence, OH

Tel: 216-447-0464

Fax: 216-447-0643

China - Hong Kong SAR

Tel: 852-2401-1200

Fax: 852-2401-3431

Malaysia - Penang

Tel: 60-4-227-8870

Fax: 60-4-227-4068

Dallas

Addison, TX

Tel: 972-818-7423

Fax: 972-818-2924

China - Nanjing

Tel: 86-25-8473-2460

Fax: 86-25-8473-2470

Philippines - Manila

Tel: 63-2-634-9065

Fax: 63-2-634-9069

China - Qingdao

Tel: 86-532-8502-7355

Fax: 86-532-8502-7205

Singapore

Tel: 65-6334-8870

Fax: 65-6334-8850

Detroit

Farmington Hills, MI

Tel: 248-538-2250

Fax: 248-538-2260

China - Shanghai

Tel: 86-21-5407-5533

Fax: 86-21-5407-5066

Taiwan - Hsin Chu

Tel: 886-3-6578-300

Fax: 886-3-6578-370

Indianapolis

Noblesville, IN

Tel: 317-773-8323

Fax: 317-773-5453

China - Shenyang

Tel: 86-24-2334-2829

Fax: 86-24-2334-2393

Taiwan - Kaohsiung

Tel: 886-7-213-7830

Fax: 886-7-330-9305

Los Angeles

China - Shenzhen

Tel: 86-755-8203-2660

Fax: 86-755-8203-1760

Taiwan - Taipei

Tel: 886-2-2500-6610

Fax: 886-2-2508-0102

Mission Viejo, CA

Tel: 949-462-9523

Fax: 949-462-9608

China - Wuhan

Tel: 86-27-5980-5300

Fax: 86-27-5980-5118

Thailand - Bangkok

Tel: 66-2-694-1351

Fax: 66-2-694-1350

Santa Clara

Santa Clara, CA

Tel: 408-961-6444

Fax: 408-961-6445

China - Xian

Tel: 86-29-8833-7252

Fax: 86-29-8833-7256

Toronto

Mississauga, Ontario,

Canada

China - Xiamen

Tel: 905-673-0699

Fax: 905-673-6509

Tel: 86-592-2388138

Fax: 86-592-2388130

China - Zhuhai

Tel: 86-756-3210040

Fax: 86-756-3210049

05/02/11

DS21143C-page 38


型号：	HCS301T-I/SN023
厂家：	MICROCHIP
描述：	TELECOM, DATA ENCRYPTION CIRCUIT, PDSO8, 0.150 INCH, PLASTIC, SOIC-8 电信光电二极管电信集成电路
文件：	总38页 (文件大小：712K)
中文：	中文翻译
下载：	下载PDF数据表文档文件

HCS301T-I/SN023 [MICROCHIP]

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HCS301T/SN

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HCS301_11

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HCS320-/P

HCS320-I/SN

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HCS320/SN

HCS320T-I/SN

HCS320T/SN

HCS320_11