MAX16812ATI/V+ [MAXIM]

LED Driver;
MAX16812ATI/V+
型号: MAX16812ATI/V+
厂家: MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS    MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS
描述:

LED Driver

驱动 接口集成电路
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EVALUATION KIT AVAILABLE  
MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
General Description  
Features  
Integrated 76V, 0.2(typ) Power MOSFET  
The MAX16812 is a peak-current-mode LED driver with  
an integrated 0.2power MOSFET designed to control  
the current in a single string of high-brightness LEDs  
(HB LEDs). The MAX16812 can be used in multiple  
converter topologies such as buck, boost, or buck-boost.  
The MAX16812 operates over a 5.5V to 76V wide supply  
voltage range.  
5.5V to 76V Wide Input Range  
Adjustable LED Current with 5% Accuracy  
Floating Differential LED Current-Sense Amplifier  
Floating Dimming N-Channel MOSFET Driver  
PWM LED Dimming with:  
• PWM Control Signal  
The MAX16812 features a low-frequency, wide-range  
brightness adjustment (100:1), analog and PWM dim-  
ming control input, as well as a resistor-programmable  
EMI suppression circuitry to control the rise and fall times  
of the internal switching MOSFET. A high-side LED cur-  
rent-sense amplifier and a dimming MOSFET driver are  
also included, simplifying the design and reducing the  
total component count.  
• Analog Control Signal  
• Chopped V Input  
IN  
Peak-Current-Mode Control  
125kHz to 500kHz Adjustable Switching Frequency  
Adjustable UVLO and Soft-Start  
Output Overvoltage Protection  
5µs LED Current Rise/Fall Times During Dimming  
The MAX16812 uses peak-current-mode control, adjust-  
able slope compensation that allows for additional design  
flexibility. The device has two current regulation loops.  
The first loop controls the internal switching MOSFET  
peak current, while the second current regulation loop  
controls the LED current. Switching frequency can be  
adjusted from 125kHz to 500kHz.  
Minimize EMI  
Overtemperature and Short-Circuit Protection  
Ordering Information  
PART  
TEMP RANGE  
PIN-PACKAGE  
Additional features include adjustable UVLO, soft-start,  
external enable/disable input, thermal shutdown, a 1.238V  
1% accurate buffered reference, and an on-chip oscillator.  
An internal 5.2V linear regulator supplies up to 20mA to  
power external devices.  
MAX16812ATI+  
-40°C to +125°C  
28 TQFN-EP*  
+Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.  
*EP = Exposed pad.  
Simplified Diagram  
The MAX16812 is available in a thermally enhanced 5mm  
x 5mm, 28-pin TQFN-EP package and is specified over  
the automotive -40°C to +125°C temperature range.  
C
H_REG  
DOUT  
R
CS  
VOUT  
C
OUT  
R
SRC  
Applications  
Architectural and Industrial Lighting  
LV  
IN  
SRC  
GT  
V
IN  
C
IN  
EN  
RT  
RT  
DRV  
SLP  
MAX16812  
R
TGRM  
L_REG  
TGRM  
DIM  
C
SLP  
C
TGRM  
COMP  
R
R
C
COMP1  
OV1  
VOUT  
OV2  
R
COMP1  
R
COMP2  
Typical Application Circuit and Pin Configuration appear  
at end of data sheet.  
BUCK-BOOST CONFIGURATION  
19-0880; Rev 1; 4/14  
MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
Absolute Maximum Ratings  
(All voltages are referenced to AGND, unless otherwise noted.)  
SGND ...................................................................-0.3V to +0.3V  
IN, EN, LX, DIM.....................................................-0.3V to +80V  
L_REG, GT, DRV ....................................................-0.3V to +6V  
RT, REF, REFI, CS_OUT, FB, COMP, SRC,  
DD to LV...................................................................-1V to +80V  
Maximum Current into Any Pin (except LX, SRC) ...........±20mA  
Maximum Current into LX and SRC......................................+2A  
Continuous Power Dissipation (T = +70°C)  
A
28-Pin TQFN 5mm x 5mm  
SLP, TGRM, OV ..................................................-0.3V to +6V  
LV, HV, CS-, CS+, DGT, DD, H_REG ..................-0.3V to +80V  
CS+, DGT, H_REG to LV ......................................-0.3V to +12V  
CS- to LV..............................................................-0.3V to +0.3V  
CS+ to CS-............................................................-0.3V to +12V  
(derate 34.65mW/°C* above +70°C).........................2759mW  
Operating Temperature Range......................... -40°C to +125°C  
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C  
Storage Temperature Range............................ -65°C to +150°C  
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C  
*As per JEDEC51 standard (multilayer board).  
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these  
or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect  
device reliability.  
Electrical Characteristics  
(V = V  
= 12V, C  
= 3.3µF, C  
= 1µF, C  
= 47nF, V  
= 0V, R  
= 0.2, T = T = -40°C to +125°C, unless  
IN  
EN  
L_REG  
H_REG  
REF  
TGRM  
SRC  
A
J
otherwise noted. Typical values are at T = +25°C.)  
A
PARAMETER  
Input Voltage Range  
SYMBOL  
CONDITIONS  
MIN  
5.5  
TYP  
MAX  
76.0  
2.5  
45  
UNITS  
V
V
IN  
Q
Quiescent Supply  
I
V
V
= 1V, V  
DIM  
= 0V  
0.3  
mA  
µA  
TGRM  
Shutdown Supply Current  
Internal MOSFET On-Resistance  
Output Current Accuracy  
Peak Switch Current Limit  
Hiccup Switch Current  
Switch Leakage Current  
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT  
IN Undervoltage Lockout  
UVLO Hysteresis  
I
≤ 300mV  
EN  
20  
SHDN  
R
I
I
= 1A, V > 10V, V  
= V = 5V  
DRV  
0.2  
0.4  
+5  
DSON  
LX  
IN  
GT  
I
= 350mA, R = 1Ω  
CS  
-5  
%
LED  
LED  
I
2.6  
3.1  
6
3.6  
A
LXLIM  
A
I
V
V
= 0V, V = 76V, V = 0V  
GT  
1
10  
µA  
LXLEAK  
UVLO  
EN  
LX  
rising  
4.6  
1.2  
4.9  
100  
1.38  
100  
5.3  
V
mV  
V
IN  
EN Threshold Voltage  
EN Hysteresis  
V
_
V
rising  
1.6  
EN THUP  
EN  
mV  
REFERENCE (REF) AND LOW-SIDE LINEAR REGULATOR (L_REG)  
Startup Response Time  
Reference Voltage  
t
V
or V rising  
EN  
50  
µs  
V
POR  
IN  
V
I
= 10µA  
1.190  
25  
1.238  
1.288  
60  
REF  
REF  
Reference Soft-Start Charging  
Current  
I
_
V
= 0V  
REF  
40  
µA  
REF SLEW  
L_REG Supply Voltage  
L_REG Load Regulation  
L_REG Dropout Voltage  
V
= 7.5V, I  
L_REG  
= 1mA  
4.9  
5.2  
5.5  
20  
V
IN  
I _  
L REG  
= 20mA  
= 25mA  
I _  
L REG  
400  
mV  
Maxim Integrated  
2  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
Electrical Characteristics (continued)  
(V = V  
= 12V, CL_REG = 3.3µF, C  
= 1µF, C  
= 47nF, V  
= 0V, R  
= 0.2, T = T = -40°C to +125°C, unless  
IN  
EN  
H_REG  
REF  
TGRM  
SRC  
A
J
otherwise noted. Typical values are at T = +25°C.)  
A
PARAMETER  
SYMBOL  
CONDITIONS  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
UNITS  
PWM COMPARATOR  
V
V
= 1V, V  
= 0.5V, V  
= 0.5V, V  
= 1V,  
= 0V,  
COMP  
DIM  
SRC  
TGRM  
COMP Input Leakage Current  
SRC Input Leakage Current  
I
-0.10  
-5  
+0.10  
+5  
µA  
µA  
LKCOMP  
= 0.5V  
V
V
= 0V, V  
COMP  
SRC  
TGRM  
I
LKSRC  
= 0.5V  
DIM  
Comparator Offset Voltage  
Input Voltage Range  
Propagation Delay  
ERROR AMPLIFIER  
FB Input Current  
V
(V  
- V  
) = V  
OS  
860  
100  
mV  
V
OS(EA)  
COMP  
SRC  
V
V
= V  
+ 860mV  
0
1.23  
SRC  
COMP  
SRC  
t
50mV overdrive  
ns  
PD  
V
V
V
V
= 1V, V  
= 1V, V  
= 1.2V  
= 1V  
-100  
-100  
-23  
0
+100  
+100  
+23  
nA  
nA  
mV  
V
FB  
FB  
FB  
FB  
REFI  
REFI Input Current  
Error-Amplifier Offset Voltage  
Input Common-Mode Range  
Source Current  
REFI  
V
= V  
= 1.2V  
OS  
COMP  
= (V  
- 0.9V)  
1.5  
COMP  
I
(V  
- V ) ≥ 0.5V  
300  
80  
µA  
µA  
V
COMP  
REFI  
FB  
Sink Current  
(V - V  
) ≥ 0.5V  
FB  
REFI  
COMP Clamp Voltage  
DC Gain  
V
V
= 1.2V, V = 0V  
1.20  
2.56  
COMP  
REF  
FB  
72  
dB  
MHz  
Unity-Gain Bandwidth  
0.8  
Electrical Characteristics  
(V = V  
= 12V, C  
= 3.3µF, C  
= 1µF, C  
= 47nF, V  
= 0V, R  
= 0.2, R  
= 1, T = T = -40°C to +125°C,  
IN  
EN  
L_REG  
H_REG  
REF  
TGRM  
SRC  
CS  
A
J
unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at T = +25°C.)  
A
PARAMETER  
SYMBOL  
CONDITIONS  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
UNITS  
HIGH-SIDE UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT AND LINEAR REGULATOR (H_REG) ((V  
- V ) = 21V)  
LV  
HV  
H_REG Input-Voltage Threshold  
H_REG Supply Voltage  
H_REG Load Regulation  
Dropout Voltage  
V _  
is rising  
= 0  
3.60  
4.75  
3.887  
5
4.20  
5.40  
80  
V
V
H REG  
I _  
H REG  
I
I
_
= 0 to 3mA  
= 5mA  
H REG  
_
820  
mV  
H REG  
HIGH-SIDE CURRENT-SENSE AMPLIFIERS (V  
HV  
- V ) = 21V  
LV  
CS- Input Bias Current  
CS+ Input Bias Current  
Input Voltage Range  
I
V
= V , (V  
- V  
- V  
) = -0.1V  
) = 0.1V  
500  
+1  
µA  
µA  
V
CS-  
CS-  
CS-  
CS-  
LV  
CS+  
CS+  
CS-  
I
V
V
= V , (V  
-1  
0
CS+  
LV  
CS-  
= V  
0.25  
LV  
Sinking  
25  
400  
0
Minimum Output Current  
I
_
µA  
CS OUT  
Sourcing  
Output Voltage Range  
DC Voltage Gain  
V
_
1.5  
1.0  
V
V/V  
MHz  
V
CS OUT  
4
Unity-Gain Bandwidth  
Maximum REFI Input Voltage  
0.8  
V
REFI  
Maxim Integrated  
3  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
Electrical Characteristics (continued)  
(V = V  
= 12V, C  
= 3.3µF, C  
= 1µF, C  
= 47nF, V  
= 0V, R  
= 0.2, R  
= 1, T = T = -40°C to +125°C,  
IN  
EN  
L_REG  
H_REG  
REF  
TGRM  
SRC  
CS  
A
J
unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at T = +25°C.)  
A
PARAMETER  
SYMBOL  
CONDITIONS  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
UNITS  
HIGH-SIDE DIMMING LINEAR REGULATOR ((V  
- V ) = 21V)  
LV  
HV  
V
= V  
, (V  
- V  
DIM  
= 1.0V, sinking  
) = 0.3V,  
= 1V, V  
TGRM  
LV  
CS-  
LV  
CS+  
CS-  
(V  
- V ) = 1V, V  
= 0V,  
= 3V,  
1.2  
1.2  
DD  
V
= 1V, V  
DGT  
REFI  
Minimum Output Current  
I
mA  
DGT  
V
(V  
= V  
, (V  
- V  
) = 0.2V,  
= 0V, V  
LV  
CS-  
CS+  
CS-  
- V ) = 1V, V  
DD  
LV  
TGRM DGT  
V
= 1.0V, V  
= 1V, sourcing  
REFI  
DIM  
Output Voltage Range  
DC Gain  
0.2  
5.0  
V
C
= 1nF to LV  
60  
dB  
µA  
DGT  
DD Input Bias Current  
I
(V  
- V -) = 0.5V  
CS  
-3  
+3  
DD  
DD  
V
= 0V, V  
LV)  
= 1V, V  
= 1.2V,  
TGRM  
DGT  
DIM  
REFI  
DD Input Low Threshold  
0.25  
0.50  
0.75  
V
(V  
- V  
> 1.5V, V  
falling  
DD  
DIMMING ((V  
HV  
- V ) = 21V)  
LV  
DIM Input Bias Current  
I
V
V
= 1.1V  
DIM  
-1  
+1  
µA  
V
DIM  
TGRM Input High Threshold  
1.18  
1.23  
1
1.27  
TGRM Reset High-to-TGRM Low  
Pulse Width  
µs  
TGRM Reset Switch R  
DS(ON)  
= 1.3V  
20  
TGRM  
Dimming Rise and Fall LED  
Current Times  
5
µs  
OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION (OV)  
OV Input High Threshold  
V
V
rising  
1.180  
-1  
1.230  
14  
1.292  
+1  
V
OV  
OV  
OV Input Threshold Hysteresis  
OV Input Bias Current  
mV  
µA  
I
= 1.1V  
OV  
INTERNAL OSCILLATOR CLOCK  
RT = 2MΩ to AGND  
RT = 50kΩ to AGND  
470  
105  
525  
125  
570  
155  
Internal Clock Frequency  
f
kHz  
µA  
OSC  
SLOPE COMPENSATION INPUT (SLP)  
SLP Input Current  
I
V
= 0V  
SLP  
150  
SLP  
LOW-SIDE GATE DRIVE (DRV)  
DRV Output Low Impedance  
DRV Output High Impedance  
INTERNAL POWER MOSFET  
GT Input Leakage Current  
R
DRV sinking 20mA  
DRV sourcing 20mA  
3
30  
45  
DRV_LO  
R
10  
DRV_HI  
V
V
= 0 to 5V  
= 50V  
-1  
+1  
µA  
V
GT  
LX  
Internal MOSFET Gate-to-  
Source Threshold Voltage  
V
2.5  
8
TH  
Internal MOSFET Gate Charge  
Q
nC  
g
Maxim Integrated  
4  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
Typical Operating Characteristics  
(V = V  
IN  
= 12V, C  
= 3.3µF, C  
= 1µF, V  
= 0V, T = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)  
EN  
L_REG  
H_REG  
TGRM A  
SWITCH CURRENT LIMIT  
vs. TEMPERATURE  
R
vs. I  
R
vs. V  
DS(ON) GT  
DS(ON)  
LX  
0.45  
0.40  
0.35  
0.30  
0.25  
0.20  
0.15  
0.10  
0.05  
0
2.0  
1.8  
1.6  
1.4  
1.2  
1.0  
0.8  
0.6  
0.4  
0.2  
0
3.300  
3.250  
3.200  
3.150  
3.100  
3.050  
3.000  
2.950  
2.900  
T
= +25C  
A
T
= +125C  
A
T
= +25C  
A
T
= -40C  
A
1.0  
1.5  
2.0  
(A)  
2.5  
3.0  
2.2 2.8 3.4 4.0 4.6 5.2 5.8 6.4 7.0  
(V)  
-40 -25 -10  
5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125  
I
V
GT  
TEMPERATURE (°C)  
LX  
IN UVLO THRESHOLD  
vs. TEMPERATURE  
SHUTDOWN CURRENT  
vs. TEMPERATURE  
V
REF  
vs. TEMPERATURE  
5.20  
5.15  
5.10  
5.05  
5.00  
1.25  
1.24  
1.23  
1.22  
1.21  
30  
25  
20  
15  
10  
5
V
RISING  
IN  
I
= 10µA  
REF  
0
-40 -25 -10  
5
20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125  
-40 -25 -10  
5
20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125  
-40 -25 -10  
5
20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125  
TEMPERATURE (°C)  
TEMPERATURE (°C)  
TEMPERATURE (°C)  
IN UVLO THRESHOLD  
vs. TEMPERATURE  
EN UVLO THRESHOLD  
vs. TEMPERATURE  
5.10  
5.09  
5.08  
5.07  
5.06  
5.05  
5.04  
5.03  
5.02  
5.01  
5.00  
1.50  
V
IN  
FALLING  
V
EN  
RISING  
1.45  
1.40  
1.35  
1.30  
1.25  
1.20  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
-40 -25 -10  
5
20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125  
-40 -25 -10  
5
20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125  
TEMPERATURE (°C)  
TEMPERATURE (°C)  
Maxim Integrated  
5  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)  
(V = V  
IN  
= 12V, C  
= 3.3µF, C  
= 1µF, V  
= 0V, T = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)  
EN  
L_REG  
H_REG  
TGRM A  
EN UVLO THRESHOLD  
vs. TEMPERATURE  
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY  
vs. TEMPERATURE  
V
vs. I  
L_REG  
L_REG  
600  
500  
400  
300  
200  
100  
0
5.5  
5.4  
5.3  
5.2  
5.1  
5.0  
4.9  
4.8  
4.7  
4.6  
4.5  
1.50  
1.45  
1.40  
1.35  
1.30  
1.25  
1.20  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
V
EN  
FALLING  
R
= 2M  
T
T
= +125C  
A
T
= +25C  
A
R
= 180kΩ  
= 50kΩ  
T
T
= -40C  
A
R
T
V
IN  
= 7.5V  
-40 -25 -10  
5
20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125  
0
2
4
6
8
10 12 14 16 18 20  
(mA)  
-40 -25 -10  
5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125  
TEMPERATURE (°C)  
I
TEMPERATURE (°C)  
L_REG  
V
THRESHOLD  
H_REG  
vs. TEMPERATURE  
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY vs. R  
T
4.2  
4.1  
4.0  
3.9  
3.8  
3.7  
3.6  
3.5  
3.4  
600  
500  
400  
300  
200  
100  
0
-40 -25 -10  
5
20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125  
0.01  
0.1  
1
10  
TEMPERATURE (°C)  
R
(M)  
T
V
vs. I  
V
vs. TEMPERATURE  
H_REG  
H_REG  
H_REG  
5.00  
4.95  
4.90  
4.85  
4.80  
4.75  
4.70  
4.65  
4.60  
4.55  
4.50  
5.2  
5.1  
5.0  
4.9  
4.8  
4.7  
4.6  
4.5  
4.4  
4.3  
4.2  
(V - V ) = 6V  
(V - V ) = 21V  
HV  
LV  
HV  
LV  
V
IN  
= 12V  
I
= 3mA  
LOAD  
V
IS MEASURED  
H_REG  
WITH RESPECT TO V  
LV  
0
0.5  
1.0  
1.5  
(mA)  
2.0  
2.5  
3.0  
-40 -25 -10  
5
20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125  
I
TEMPERATURE (°C)  
H_REG  
Maxim Integrated  
6  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
Pin Description  
PIN  
NAME  
FUNCTION  
1
FB  
Low-Side Error Amplifier’s Inverting Input  
2
3
COMP  
Low-Side Error Amplifier’s Output. Connect a compensation network from COMP to FB for stable operation.  
Reference Input. V  
LED current.  
provides the reference voltage for the high-side current-sense amplifier to set the  
REFI  
REFI  
REF  
4
5
6
+1.23V Reference Output. Connect an appropriate soft-start capacitor from REF to AGND.  
is proportional to the current through R  
CS_OUT High-Side Current-Sense Amplifier Output. V  
_
.
CS  
CS OUT  
AGND  
EN  
Analog Ground  
Enable Input/Undervoltage Lockout. Connect EN to IN through a resistive voltage-divider to program the  
UVLO threshold. Connect EN directly to IN to set up the device for 5V internal threshold. Apply a logic-level  
input to EN to enable/disable the device.  
7
8
IN  
Positive Power-Supply Input. Bypass with a 1µF ceramic capacitor to AGND.  
9
L_REG 5V Low-Side Regulator Output. Bypass with a 3.3µF ceramic capacitor to AGND.  
10  
11  
12  
SGND  
DD  
Signal Ground  
MOSFET’s Drain Voltage-Sense Input. Connect DD to the drain of the external dimming MOSFET.  
External Dimming MOSFET’s Gate Drive  
DGT  
High-Side Current-Sense Amplifier’s Positive Input. Connect R  
referenced to LV.  
between CS+ and CS-. CS+ is  
CS  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
CS+  
CS-  
High-Side Current-Sense Amplifier’s Negative Input. Connect R  
referenced to LV.  
between CS- and CS+. CS- is  
CS  
High-Side Reference Voltage Input. A DC voltage at LV sets the lowest reference point for the high-side  
current-sense and dimming MOSFET control circuitry.  
LV  
High-Side Regulator Output. H_REG provides a regulated supply for high-side circuitry. Bypass with a 1µF  
ceramic capacitor to LV.  
H_REG  
HV  
High-Side Positive Supply Voltage Input. HV provides power for dimming and LED current-sense circuitry.  
HV is referenced to LV.  
Internal MOSFET Gate Driver Output. Connect to a resistor between DRV and GT to set the rise and fall  
times at LX.  
DRV  
19  
GT  
LX  
Internal MOSFET GATE. Connect a resistor between GT and DRV to set the rise and fall times at LX.  
20, 21  
22, 23  
Internal MOSFET Drain  
SRC  
Internal Power MOSFET Source  
Slope Compensation Setting. Connect an appropriate external capacitor from SLP to AGND to generate a  
ramp signal for stable operation.  
24  
SLP  
25  
26  
TGRM  
DIM  
Dimming Comparator’s Reference/Ramp Generator  
Dimming Control Input  
Resistor-Programmable Internal Oscillator Setting. Connect a resistor from RT to AGND to set the internal  
oscillator frequency.  
27  
28  
RT  
OV  
EP  
Overvoltage Protection Input. Connect OV to HI through a resistive voltage-divider to AGND to set the  
overvoltage limit for the load. When the voltage at OV exceeds the 1.238V (typ) threshold, the gate drive  
(DRV) for the switching MOSFET is disabled. Once V  
MOSFET turns on again.  
goes below 1.238V by 14mV, the switching  
OV  
Exposed Pad. Connect EP to a large-area ground plane for effective power dissipation. Do not use as the  
IC ground connection.  
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MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
DD  
DS  
0.5V  
CMP  
HV  
DRMP  
ADIM  
DGT  
CS+  
LDOH  
POR  
3.88V  
H_REG  
DIM  
RAMP  
REF  
1.2X  
1.1X  
1X  
CS-  
LX  
CMP  
IHI  
CSA  
LX  
SRC  
LV  
IN  
t
= 200ns  
D
SRC  
GT  
2.5V  
V
= 1.2V  
= 0.3V  
REFI  
PREG  
BG  
V
RAMP  
V
REF  
V
DD  
UVLO/  
POR  
LDOL  
S
Q
L_REG  
EN  
G1  
DRV  
LATCH  
1.2V  
0.6V  
R
SGND  
HICCUP  
REF  
1X  
EN  
LOGIC  
CONTROL  
RT  
OSC  
I
LIM  
DIM  
SIGNAL  
DIM  
V
BE  
CMP  
PWM  
1.238V  
CMP  
X0.2  
SLP  
TGRM  
OV  
MAX16812  
COMP  
FB  
ERROR  
AMPLIFIER  
AND  
DIMMING  
S/H  
2µs PULSE  
LOW TO DISCHARGE  
X1  
CS_OUT  
REFI  
OVP  
1.238V  
SGND  
AGND  
Figure 1. Functional Diagram  
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MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
Current-Mode Control  
Detailed Description  
The MAX16812 offers a current-mode control opera-  
tion feature with leading-edge blanking that blanks the  
sensed current signal applied to the input of the PWM  
current-mode comparator. In addition, a current-limit com-  
parator monitors the same signal at all times and provides  
cycle-by-cycle current limit. An additional hiccup com-  
parator limits the absolute peak current to two times the  
cycle-by-cycle current limit. The leading-edge blanking of  
the current-sense signal prevents noise at the PWM com-  
parator input from prematurely terminating the on-cycle.  
The switch current-sense signal contains a leading-edge  
spike that results from the MOSFET gate-charge current,  
and the capacitive and diode reverse-recovery current of  
the power circuit. The MAX16812’s capacitor-adjustable  
slope-compensation feature allows for easy stabilization  
of the inner switching MOSFET current-mode loop. Upon  
triggering the hiccup current limit, the soft-start capacitor  
on REF is discharged and the gate drive to DRV is dis-  
abled. Once the inductor current falls below the hiccup  
current limit, the soft-start capacitor is released and it  
begins to charge after 10µs.  
The MAX16812 is a current-mode PWM LED driver with  
an integrated 0.2power MOSFET for use in driving HB  
LEDs. By using two current regulation loops, 5% LED  
current accuracy is achieved. One current regulation  
loop controls the internal MOSFET peak current through  
a sense resistor (R  
) from SRC to ground, while the  
SRC  
other current regulation loop controls the average LED  
current in a single LED string through another sense  
resistor (R ) in series with the LEDs.  
CS  
The MAX16812 includes a cycle-by-cycle current limit  
that turns off the gate drive to the internal MOSFET  
during an overcurrent condition. The MAX16812 features  
a programmable oscillator that simplifies and optimizes  
the design of magnetics. The MAX16812 is well suited  
for inputs from 5.5V to 76V. An external resistor in series  
with the internal MOSFET gate can control the rise and  
fall times on the drain of the internal switching MOSFET,  
therefore minimizing EMI problems.  
The MAX16812 high-frequency, current-mode PWM  
HB LED driver integrates all the necessary building blocks  
for driving a series LED string in an adjustable constant  
current mode with PWM dimming. Current-mode control  
with leading-edge blanking simplifies control-loop design,  
and an external adjustable slope-compensation control  
stabilizes the inner current-mode loop when operating at  
duty cycles above 50%.  
Slope Compensation  
The MAX16812 uses an internal ramp generator for  
slope compensation. The internal ramp signal resets at  
the beginning of each cycle and slews at the rate pro-  
grammed by the external capacitor connected at SLP  
and an internal ISLP current source of 150µA. An internal  
attenuator attenuates the actual slope compensation  
signal by a factor of 0.2. Adjust the MAX16812 slew-rate  
capacitor by using the following equation:  
An input undervoltage lockout (UVLO) programs the input  
supply startup voltage. An external voltage-divider on  
EN programs the supply startup voltage. If EN is directly  
connected to the input, the UVLO is set at 5V. A single  
external resistor from RT to AGND programs the switch-  
ing frequency from 125kHz to 500kHz.  
SLP  
SR  
C
= 0.2 ×  
SLOPE  
Wide contrast (100:1) PWM dimming can be achieved  
with the MAX16812. A DC input on DIM controls the  
dimming duty cycle. The dimming frequency is set by  
the sawtooth ramp frequency on TGRM (see the PWM  
Dimming section). In addition, PWM dimming can be  
achieved by applying a PWM signal to DIM with TGRM  
set to a DC voltage less than 1.238V. A floating high-volt-  
age driver drives an external n-channel MOSFET in series  
with the LED string. REFI allows analog dimming of the  
LED current, further increasing the effective dimming  
range over PWM alone. The MAX16812 has a 5µs pre-  
programmed LED current rise and fall time.  
where I  
is the charging current in mA and C  
is  
SLOPE  
SLP  
the slope compensation capacitance on the SLP in µF,  
and SR is the designed slope in mV/µs.  
When using the MAX16812 for internal switching MOSFET  
duty cycles greater than 50%, the following conditions  
must be met to avoid current-loop subharmonic oscilla-  
tions.  
0.5 ×R  
× V  
IND_OFF  
SRC  
SR ≥  
mV / µs  
L
where R  
is in m, V  
is in volts, and L is in  
IND_OFF  
SRC  
A nonlatching overvoltage protection limits the voltage on  
the internal switching MOSFET under open-circuit condi-  
tions in the LED string. The internal thermal shutdown cir-  
cuit protects the device if the junction temperature should  
exceed +165°C.  
µH. L is the inductor connected to the LX pin of the  
internal switching MOSFET and V is the voltage  
across the inductor during the off-time of the internal  
MOSFET.  
IND_OFF  
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MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
minimizing output-voltage overshoot. While the part is in  
UVLO, CREF is discharged (Figure 3). Upon coming out  
of UVLO, an internal current source starts charging CREF  
during the soft-start cycle. Use the following equation to  
calculate total soft-start e:  
Undervoltage Lockout  
The MAX16812 features an adjustable UVLO through the  
enable input (EN). Connect EN directly to IN to use the 5V  
default UVLO. Connect EN to IN through a resistive divid-  
er to ground to set the UVLO threshold. The MAX16812  
is enabled when VEN exceeds the 1.38V (typ) threshold.  
1.238  
Calculate the EN UVLO resistor-divider values as follows  
(see Figure 2):  
t
= C  
×
REF  
ST  
I
REF  
where I  
is 40µA, CREF is in µF, and t is in seconds.  
ST  
V
REF  
EN  
- V  
EN  
R
= R  
x
UV2  
UV1  
Operation begins when REF ramps above 0.6V. Once  
the soft-start is complete, REF is regulated to 1.238V, the  
internal voltage reference.  
V
UVLO  
where RUV1 is in the 20krange, VEN is the 1.38V  
(typ) EN threshold voltage, and V is the desired  
input-voltage UVLO threshold in volts. Due to the 100mV  
hysteresis of the UVLO threshold, capacitor C is  
required to prevent chattering at the UVLO threshold due  
to line impedance drops at power-up and during dimming.  
If the undervoltage setting is very close to the required  
minimum operating voltage, there can be jumps in the  
Low-Side Internal  
Switching MOSFET Driver Supply (L_REG)  
L_REG is the regulated (5.2V) internal supply voltage  
capable of delivering 20mA. L_REG provides power to  
the gate drive of the internal switching power MOSFET.  
UVLO  
EN  
V
is referenced to AGND. Connect a 3.3µF ceramic  
L_REG  
capacitor from L_REG to AGND.  
voltage at IN while dimming. C  
should be large enough  
EN  
High-Side Regulator (H_REG)  
to limit the ripple on EN to less than 100mV (EN hystere-  
sis) under these conditions so that it does not turn on and  
off due to the ripple on IN.  
H_REG is a low-dropout linear regulator referenced  
to LV. H_REG provides the gate drive for the external  
n-channel dimming MOSFET and also powers up the  
MAX16812’s LED current-sense circuitry. Bypass H_REG  
to LV with a 1µF ceramic capacitor.  
Soft-Start  
The soft-start feature of the MAX16812 allows the LED  
string current to ramp up in a controlled manner, thus  
V
V
IN  
IN  
IN  
IN  
R
R
UV2  
MAX16812  
MAX16812  
EN  
REF  
C
REF  
C
UV1  
EN  
AGND  
AGND  
Figure 2. UVLO Threshold Setting  
Figure 3. Soft-Start Setting  
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MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
is low, COMP is disconnected from the output of the error  
amplifier and CS_OUT is simultaneously disconnected  
from the buffered LED current-sense output signal (Figure  
5). When the internal dimming signal is high, the output  
of the op amp is connected to COMP and CS_OUT is  
connected to the buffered LED current-sense signal at  
the same time (Figure 4). This enables the compensation  
capacitor to hold the charge when the DIM signal has  
turned off the internal switching MOSFET gate drive.  
To maintain the charge on the compensation capacitors  
High-Side Current-Sense Output (CS_OUT)  
A high-side transconductance amplifier converts the volt-  
age across the LED current-sense resistor (RCS) into  
an internal current output. This current flows through an  
internal resistor connected to AGND. The voltage gain for  
the LED current-sense signal is 4. The amplified signal is  
then buffered and connected through an internal switch  
to CS_OUT.  
Internal Error Amplifier  
C
and C  
, the capacitors should be of the  
The MAX16812 includes a built-in voltage-error amplifi-  
er, which can be used to close the feedback loop. The  
internal LED current-sense output signal is buffered  
internally and then connected to CS_OUT through an  
internal switch. CS_OUT is connected to the inverting  
input (FB) pin of the error amplifier through a resistor.  
See Figures 4 and 5. The reference voltage for the out-  
put current is connected to REFI, the noninverting input  
of the error amplifier. When the internal dimming signal  
COMP1  
COMP2  
low-leakage ceramic type.  
When the internal dimming signal is enabled, the volt-  
age on the compensation capacitor forces the converter  
into steady state almost instantaneously. The voltage on  
COMP is subtracted from the internal slope compensation  
signal and is then connected to one of the inputs of the  
PWM comparator. The PWM comparator input is of the  
CMOS type with very low bias currents.  
C
COMP2  
STATE A  
C
COMP1  
R
COMP2  
R
OUT  
COMP1  
X1  
COMP  
EA  
REFI  
Figure 4. Internal Error Amplifier Connection (Dimming Signal High)  
C
COMP2  
STATE B  
C
COMP1  
R
COMP2  
R
OUT  
COMP1  
X1  
COMP  
EA  
REFI  
Figure 5. Internal Error Amplifier Connections (Dimming Signal Low)  
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MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
voltage produced by this current (through the cur-  
rent-sense resistor) exceeds the current-limit (ILIM) com-  
parator threshold, the MOSFET driver (DRV) quickly  
terminates the current on-cycle. The 200ns leading-edge  
blanking circuit suppresses the leading-edge spike on  
the current-sense waveform from appearing at the cur-  
rent-limit comparator. There is also a hiccup comparator  
(HICCUP) that limits the peak current in the internal  
switch set at twice the peak limit setting.  
Analog Dimming  
The MAX16812 offers analog dimming of the LED current  
by allowing the application of an external voltage at REFI.  
The output current is proportional to the voltage at REFI.  
Use a potentiometer from REF or directly apply an exter-  
nal voltage source at REFI.  
PWM Comparator  
The PWM comparator uses the instantaneous switch  
current, the error-amplifier output, and the slope com-  
pensation to determine when the gate drive DRV to the  
internal n-channel switching MOSFET turns off. In normal  
operation, gate drive DRV to the n-channel MOSFET  
turns off when:  
Internal n-Channel  
Switching MOSFET Driver (DRV)  
L_REG provides power for the DRV output. Connect a  
resistor from DRV to gate GT of the internal switching  
MOSFET to control the switching MOSFET rise and fall  
times, if necessary.  
I
x R  
≥ V  
- V  
- V  
SW  
SRC  
COMP  
OFFSET SCOMP  
where I  
switching MOSFET, R  
resistor, V  
is the current through the internal n-channel  
SW  
External Dimming  
MOSFET Gate Drive (DGT)  
is the switch current-sense  
SRC  
is the output voltage of the internal ampli-  
COMP  
DGT is the gate drive to the external dimming MOSFET  
referenced to LV. H_REG provides the power to the gate  
drive.  
fier, V  
drop, and V  
and slews at the programmed slew rate (SR).  
is the internal DC offset, which is a V  
OFFSET  
BE  
is the ramp function that starts at zero  
SCOMP  
Overvoltage Protection  
Internal Switching MOSFET Current Limit  
The overvoltage protection (OVP) comparator compares  
the voltage at OV with a 1.238V (typ) internal reference.  
When the voltage at OV exceeds the internal reference,  
the OVP comparator terminates PWM switching and no  
further energy is transferred to the load. Connect OV to  
HV through a resistive voltage-divider to ground to set the  
overvoltage threshold at the output.  
The current-sense resistor (RSRC), connected between  
the source of the internal MOSFET and ground, sets  
the current limit. The SRC input has a voltage trip level  
(V  
) of 600mV for the cycle-by-cycle current limit. Use  
SRC  
the following equation to calculate the value RSRC:  
V
SRC  
R
=
SRC  
I
LXLIM  
Setting the Overvoltage Threshold  
Connect OV to HV or to the high-side of the LEDs through  
a resistive voltage-divider to set the overvoltage threshold  
at the output (Figure 6).  
where I  
is the peak current that flows through the  
LXLIM  
switching MOSFET at full load and low line. When the  
V
LED+  
V
LED+  
HV  
OV  
MAX16812  
MAX16812  
R
R
R
R
OV1  
OV2  
OV1  
OV  
OV2  
AGND  
AGND  
Figure 6. OVP Setting  
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MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
The overvoltage protection (OVP) comparator compares  
the voltage at OV with a 1.238V (typ) internal reference.  
Use the following equation to calculate resistorlues:  
REF  
DIM  
L_REG  
V
V  
R
R
R
TGRM  
DIM1  
DIM2  
MAX16812  
OV_LIM  
OV  
R
= R  
x
OV2  
OV1  
V
OV  
TGRM  
where V  
is the 1.238V OV threshold. Choose R  
C
TGRM  
OV  
OV1  
AGND  
and R  
to be reasonably high-value resistors to pre-  
OV2  
vent the discharge of filter capacitors. This prevents  
degraded performance during dimming.  
Internal Oscillator Switching Frequency  
The oscillator switching frequency is programmed by a  
resistor connected from RT to AGND. To program the  
oscillator frequency above 125kHz, choose the appropri-  
ate resistor RT from the curves shown in the Oscillator  
Frequency vs. RT graph in the Typical Operating  
Characteristics section.  
Figure 7. PWM Dimming from REF  
PWM dimming can also be achieved by connecting  
TGRM to a DC voltage less than VREF and applying the  
PWM signal at DIM. The moment the internal dimming  
signal goes low, gate drive DRV to the internal switching  
MOSFET is turned off. The error amplifier goes to state  
B (see the Internal Error Amplifier section and Figures 4  
and 5). The peak current in the inductor prior to disabling  
PWM Dimming  
PWM dimming can be achieved by driving DIM with an  
analog voltage less than V  
. See Figure 7. An external  
REF  
DRV is I . Gate drive DGT to the external dimming  
LX  
resistor on TGRM from L_REG in conjunction with the  
ramp capacitor, C , from TGRM to AGND creates a  
MOSFET is held high. Then after a switchover period,  
TGRM  
gate voltage V  
on the external dimming MOSFET is  
DGT  
sawtooth ramp that is compared with the DC voltage on  
DIM. The output of the comparator is a pulsating dimming  
linearly controlled to reduce the LED current to 0. The fall  
time of the LED current is controlled by an internal timing  
circuit to 5µs for the MAX16812. During this period, the  
gate (DRV) to the internal switching MOSFET is enabled.  
After the fall time, the gate drive to the external dimming  
MOSFET is turned off and the gate drive to the internal  
switching MOSFET is still held high after the switchover  
period. The peak current in the inductor is controlled at  
signal. The frequency f  
TGRM is given by:  
of the sawtooth signal on  
RAMP  
3.67  
f
RAMP  
C
×R  
TGRM  
TGRM  
Use the following formula to calculate the voltage V  
necessary for a given output duty cycle, D:  
,
DIM  
I
. Then after a time period of 20µs, the gate drive is  
LX  
disabled. The scope shots in Figures 811 show the dim-  
ming waveforms.  
V
DIM  
= D x 1.238V  
where V  
is the DC voltage applied to DIM in volts.  
DIM  
The DC voltage for DIM can also be created by connect-  
ing DIM to REF through a resistive voltage-divider. Using  
the required dimming input voltage, V  
, calculate the  
DIM  
resistor values for the divider string using the following  
equation:  
R
= [V  
/ (V  
- V )] x R  
DIM DIM1  
DIM2  
DIM  
REF  
where V  
is the voltage on REF.  
REF  
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MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
MAX16812 fig08  
MAX16812 fig10  
V
OUT  
10V/div  
10V/div  
V
OUT  
100mA/div  
0A, 0V  
100mA/div  
0A, 0V  
I
LED  
I
LED  
2V/div  
0V  
2V/div  
0V  
V
V
DRV  
DRV  
10s/div  
10s/div  
Figure 8. LED Current, Output Voltage, and DRV Waveforms  
when DIM Signal Goes Low  
Figure 10. LED Current, Output Voltage, and DRV Waveforms  
when DIM Signal Goes High  
MAX16812 fig11  
MAX16812 fig09  
I
LED  
I
LED  
100mA/div  
100mA/div  
V
DIM  
V
DIM  
5V/div  
5V/div  
0A, 0V  
0A, 0V  
V
DRV  
2V/div  
V
DRV  
2V/div  
0V  
0V  
10s/div  
10s/div  
Figure 11. LED Current, DIM Signal, and DRV Waveforms  
when DIM Signal Goes High  
Figure 9. LED Current, DIM Signal, and DRV Waveforms when  
DIM Signal Goes Low  
When the DIM signal goes high, the LED current is grad-  
ually increased to the programmed value. The rise time  
of the LED current is controlled to 5µs for the MAX16812  
by controlling the voltage on DGT. After the rise time, an  
internal sensing circuit monitors the voltage across the  
drain to the source of the external dimming MOSFET. The  
LED current is now controlled at the programmed value  
by a linear current regulating circuit. Once the voltage  
across the drain to source of the dimming MOSFET drops  
below 0.5V, the reference for the linear current regulating  
circuit is increased to 1.1 times the programmed value.  
The gate drive (DRV) to the internal switching MOSFET is  
enabled and the error amplifier is returned to state A (see  
the Internal Error Amplifier section and Figures 4 and 5).  
Fault Protection  
The MAX16812 features built-in overvoltage protection  
and thermal shutdown. Connect a resistive voltage-di-  
vider between HV, OV, and AGND to program the over-  
voltage protection. In the case of a short circuit across  
the LED string, the temperature of the external dimming  
MOSFET could exceed the maximum allowable junction  
temperature. This is due to excess power dissipation in the  
MOSFET. Use the fault protection circuit shown in Figure  
12 to protect the external dimming MOSFET.  
Internal thermal shutdown in the MAX16812 safely turns  
off the IC when the junction temperature exceeds +165°C.  
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MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
V
IN  
100k  
GND  
GND  
TO EN PIN OF  
MAX16812  
TOVER  
5.1V  
ZENER  
MAX6501  
TO L_REG PIN  
OF MAX16812  
V
CC  
4.7F  
Figure 12. Dimming MOSFET Protection  
where V  
switching frequency, and V  
is the maximum input voltage, f  
is the  
Inductor Selection  
The minimum required inductance is a function of the  
operating frequency, the input-to-output voltage differen-  
INMAX  
SW  
is the output voltage.  
OUT  
Boost Configuration: In the boost converter, the aver-  
age inductor current varies with the input voltage and the  
maximum average current occurs at the lowest input volt-  
age. For the boost converter, the average inductor current  
is equal to the input current. In this case, the inductance,  
L, is calculated as:  
tial and the peak-to-peak inductor current (∆I ). Higher  
L
∆I allows for a lower inductor value while a lower ∆I  
L
L
requires a higher inductor value. A lower inductor value  
minimizes size and cost, improves large-signal transient  
response, but reduces efficiency due to higher peak  
currents and higher peak-to-peak output ripple voltage  
for the same output capacitor. On the other hand, higher  
inductance increases efficiency by reducing the ripple  
V
x V  
V  
OUT INMIN  
(
)
INMIN  
L =  
V
x f  
x I  
SW L  
OUT  
current, ∆I . However, resistive losses due to the extra  
L
turns can exceed the benefit gained from lower ripple cur-  
rent levels, especially when the inductance is increased  
without allowing for larger inductor dimensions. A good  
where V  
output voltage, and f  
Figure 14.  
is the minimum input voltage, V  
is the  
INMIN  
OUT  
is the switching frequency. See  
SW  
compromise is to choose ∆I equal to 30% of the full  
L
load current. The inductor saturating current specification  
is also important to avoid runaway current during output  
overload and continuous short-circuit conditions.  
Buck-Boost Configuration: In a buck-boost converter  
(see the Typical Application Circuit), the average inductor  
current is equal to the sum of the input current and the  
LED current. In this case, the inductance, L, is:  
Buck Configuration: In a buck configuration (Figure 13),  
the average inductor current does not vary with the input.  
The worst-case peak current occurs at the highest input  
voltage. In this case, the inductance, L, for continuous  
conduction mode given by:  
V
x V  
OUT  
INMIN  
x f  
L =  
V
+ V  
x I  
SW L  
(
)
OUT  
INMIN  
where V  
is the minimum input voltage, V  
is the  
INMIN  
OUT  
V
x V  
V  
(
)
output voltage, and f  
is the switching frequency.  
OUT  
INMAX OUT  
SW  
L =  
V
x f  
x I  
SW L  
INMAX  
Maxim Integrated  
15  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
C
OUT  
V
IN  
D
R
CS  
OUT  
C
C
H_REG  
IN  
IN HV  
H_REG  
LX  
LV DD DGT CS-  
CS+  
SRC  
R
R
EN  
SRC  
R
RT  
GT  
RT  
C
L_REG  
MAX16812  
G
L_REG  
DRV  
SLP  
R
TGRM  
C
SLP  
TGRM  
DIM  
C
TGRM  
COMP  
FB  
OV SGND AGND  
REF  
REFI CS_OUT  
V
OUT  
R
COMP1  
C
REF  
C
R
R
COMP1  
OV1  
OV2  
R
REF1  
R
COMP2  
R
REF2  
C
COMP2  
Figure 13. Buck Configuration  
C
H_REG  
R
D
OUT  
CS  
V
OUT  
V
IN  
C
OUT  
R
SRC  
CS-  
CS+  
DGT  
DD  
H_REG HV  
LX  
SRC  
LV  
IN  
V
C
IN  
GT  
R
G
EN  
RT  
IN1  
R
RT  
DRV  
SLP  
C
L_REG  
MAX16812  
L_REG  
C
R
SLP  
TGRM  
TGRM  
DIM  
C
TGRM  
COMP  
OV SGND AGND  
REF  
REFI CS_OUT  
FB  
V
OUT  
R
COMP1  
C
REF  
C
R
R
COMP1  
OV1  
OV2  
R
REF1  
R
COMP2  
R
REF2  
C
COMP2  
Figure 14. Boost Configuration  
Maxim Integrated  
16  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
L1  
L2  
C
S
C
H_REG  
D
VOUT  
OUT  
R
CS  
V
IN  
C
OUT  
R
SRC  
V
IN  
LV  
IN  
SRC  
GT  
C
IN1  
EN  
RT  
RT  
R
G
C
L_REG  
DRV  
SLP  
MAX16812  
L_REG  
C
SLP  
R
TGRM  
TGRM  
DIM  
COMP  
C
TGRM  
VOUT  
C
COMP1  
R
R
R
OV1  
OV2  
COMP2  
R
REF1  
R
COMP1  
R
REF2  
C
COMP2  
Figure 15. SEPIC Configuration  
In a buck-boost configuration, the output capacitance,  
Output Capacitor  
C
is:  
OUT  
The function of the output capacitor is to reduce the out-  
put ripple to acceptable levels. The ESR, ESL, and the  
bulk capacitance of the output capacitor contribute to the  
output ripple. In most of the applications, the output ESR  
and ESL effects can be dramatically reduced by using  
low-ESR ceramic capacitors. To reduce the ESL effects,  
connect multiple ceramic capacitors in parallel to achieve  
the required capacitance.  
2 × V  
×I  
OUT OUT  
C
OUT  
OUT  
V × (V  
+ V  
) × f  
R
OUT  
INMIN SW  
where V  
is the voltage across the load and I  
is  
OUT  
the output current.  
Input Capacitor  
In a buck configuration, the output capacitance, C  
calculated using the follow equation:  
, is  
OUT  
An input capacitor connected between IN and ground  
must be used when configuring the MAX16812 as a buck  
converter. Use a low-ESR input capacitor that can handle  
the maximum input RMS ripple current. Calculate the  
maximum RMS ripple using the follow equation:  
(V  
V  
) × V  
OUT OUT  
INMAX  
C
OUT  
2
V × 2 ×L × V  
× f  
R
INMAX SW  
where ∆VR is the maximum allowable output ripple.  
I
× V  
×(V  
- V  
)
OUT  
In a boost configuration, the output capacitance, C  
is calculated as:  
,
OUT  
OUT  
INMIN  
OUT  
I
=
IN(RMS)  
V
INMIN  
(V  
V ) × 2 ×I  
INMIN OUT  
OUT  
V × V  
C
When using the MAX16812 in a boost or buck-boost con-  
figuration, the input capacitor’s RMS current is low and  
the input capacitance can be small. However, an addi-  
tional electrolytic capacitor may be required to prevent  
oscillations due to line impedances.  
OUT  
× f  
SW  
R
OUT  
where C  
is the output capacitor.  
OUT  
Maxim Integrated  
17  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
Keep the high-current paths short, especially at the  
ground terminals. This practice is essential for stable,  
jitter-free operation. Keep switching loops short.  
Layout Recommendations  
Typically, there are two sources of noise emission in a  
switching power supply: high di/dt loops and high dv/dt  
surfaces. For example, traces that carry the drain current  
often form high di/dt loops. Similarly, the drain of the  
internal MOSFET connected to the LX pin presents a dv/  
dt source. Keep all PCB traces carrying switching cur-  
rents as short as possible to minimize current loops. Use  
ground planes for best results.  
Connect AGND and SGND to a ground plane.  
Ensure a low-impedance connection between all  
ground points.  
Keep the power traces and load connections short.  
This practice is essential for high efficiency. Use thick  
copper PCBs to enhance full-load efficiency.  
Careful PCB layout is critical to achieve low switching  
losses and clean, stable operation. Use a multilayer board  
whenever possible for better noise immunity and power  
dissipation. Follow these guidelines for good PCB layout:  
Ensure that the feedback connection to FB is short  
and direct.  
Route high-speed switching nodes away from the  
sensitive analog areas.  
Use a large copper plane under the MAX16812 pack-  
age. Ensure that all heat-dissipating components  
have adequate cooling. Connect the exposed pad of  
the device to the ground plane.  
To prevent discharge of the compensation capacitors,  
C
and C  
, during the off-time of the dim-  
COMP1  
COMP2  
ming cycle, ensure that the PCB area close to these  
components has extremely low leakage.  
Isolate the power components and high-current paths  
from sensitive analog circuitry.  
Maxim Integrated  
18  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
Typical Application Circuit  
BUCK-BOOST CONFIGURATION  
C
H_REG  
R
D
OUT  
CS  
V
OUT  
C
OUT  
R
SRC  
CS-  
CS+  
DGT  
DD  
H_REG HV  
LX  
SRC  
LV  
IN  
V
C
IN  
GT  
R
EN  
RT  
IN1  
G
RT  
DRV  
SLP  
C
L_REG  
MAX16812  
L_REG  
C
R
SLP  
TGRM  
TGRM  
DIM  
C
TGRM  
COMP  
FB  
OV SGND AGND  
REF  
REFI CS_OUT  
V
OUT  
R
COMP1  
C
REF  
C
R
R
COMP1  
OV1  
OV2  
R
REF1  
R
COMP2  
R
REF2  
C
COMP2  
Pin Configuration  
Chip Information  
PROCESS: BiCMOS  
TOP VIEW  
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 8699  
21 20 19 18 17 16 15  
14  
13  
12 DGT  
SRC 22  
SRC 23  
CS-  
CS+  
24  
25  
26  
27  
28  
SLP  
TGRM  
DIM  
Package Information  
DD  
11  
10  
9
MAX16812  
For the latest package outline information and land patterns  
(footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note  
that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status  
only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but  
the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.  
SGND  
L_REG  
IN  
RT  
*EP  
+
8
OV  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
PACKAGE  
TYPE  
PACKAGE  
CODE  
OUTLINE  
NO.  
LAND  
PATTERN NO.  
*EP = EXPOSED PAD  
TQFN  
28 TQFN-EP  
T2855+8  
21-0140  
90-0028  
Maxim Integrated  
19  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX16812  
Integrated High-Voltage LED Driver  
with Analog and PWM Dimming Control  
Revision History  
REVISION REVISION  
PAGES  
CHANGED  
DESCRIPTION  
NUMBER  
DATE  
0
1
7/07  
4/14  
Initial release  
1
No /V OPNs; removed Automotive reference from Applications section  
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim Integrated’s website at www.maximintegrated.com.  
Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses  
are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits)  
shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.  
©
Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.  
2014 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.  
20  

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