LTC4078_15 [Linear]
Dual Input Li-Ion Battery Charger with Overvoltage Protection;型号: | LTC4078_15 |
厂家: | Linear |
描述: | Dual Input Li-Ion Battery Charger with Overvoltage Protection 电池 |
文件: | 总16页 (文件大小:203K) |
中文: | 中文翻译 | 下载: | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
LTC4078/LTC4078X
Dual Input Li-Ion Battery
Charger with Overvoltage Protection
FEATURES
DESCRIPTION
The LTC®4078/LTC4078X are standalone linear chargers
that are capable of charging a single-cell Li-Ion/Polymer
batteryfrombothwalladapterandUSBinputs.Thechargers
can detect power at the inputs and automatically select
the appropriate power source for charging.
n
22V Maximum Voltage for Wall Adapter and
USB Inputs
n
Charge Single-Cell Li-Ion Batteries from Wall
Adapter and USB Inputs
Automatic Input Power Detection and Selection
Charge Current Programmable Up to 950mA from
Wall Adapter Input
Overvoltage Lockout for Wall Adapter and USB Inputs
Battery Detection Input Disables Charger When No
Battery is Present
No External MOSFET, Sense Resistor or Blocking
Diode Needed
n
n
No external sense resistor or blocking diode is required
for charging due to the internal MOSFET architecture. The
LTC4078/LTC4078Xfeatureamaximum22Vratingforboth
wall adapter and USB inputs, although charging stops if
the selected power source exceeds the overvoltage limit.
Internal thermal feedback regulates the battery charge
current to maintain a constant die temperature during
high power operation or high ambient temperature con-
ditions. The float voltage is fixed at 4.2V and the charge
current is programmed with an external resistor. The
LTC4078/LTC4078X terminate the charge cycle when the
charge current drops below the programmed termination
threshold after the final float voltage is reached.
n
n
n
n
Thermal Regulation Maximizes Charge Rate Without
Risk of Overheating*
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
Preset Charge Voltage with 0.ꢀ6 ꢁccuracy
Programmable Charge Current Termination
40μꢁ USB Suspend Current in Shutdown
Charge Status Output
ꢁutomatic Recharge
Otherfeaturesincludebatterypresentdetection,automatic
recharge,undervoltagelockout,chargestatusoutputs,and
“powerpresent”statusoutputstoindicatethepresenceof
wall adapter or USB power. The device is offered in a low
profile (0.75mm) 3mm × 3mm 10-lead DFN package.
ꢁvailable Without Trickle Charge (LTC4078X)
ꢁvailable in a Thermally Enhanced, Low Profile
(0.75mm) 10-Lead (3mm × 3mm) DFN Package
APPLICATIONS
L, LT, LTC and LTM are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation.
ꢁll other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
*Protected by U.S. Patents including ꢀ522118, ꢀ7003ꢀ4.
n
Cellular Telephones
n
Handheld Computers
n
Portable MP3 Players
Digital Cameras
n
TYPICAL APPLICATION
Charger Current vs Supply Voltage
900
R
R
= 1.24k
= 2k
IDC
IUSB
High Voltage Dual Input Battery Charger
800
700
ꢀ00
500
400
300
200
100
0
V
V
= 3.5V
BꢁT
BꢁTDET
for Li-Ion Battery Pack
= 0V
800mꢁ (WꢁLL)
500mꢁ (USB)
CHꢁRGE FROM DCIN
LTC4078
WꢁLL
ꢁDꢁPTER
DCIN
BꢁT
USB
USBIN BꢁTDET
IUSB
4.2V
Li-Ion
+
CHꢁRGE
FROM USBIN
PORT
1μF
2k
3.9k
BꢁTTERY
PꢁCK
IDC
ITERM
1μF
16
1.24k
16
GND
2k
16
2
3
4
5
ꢀ
7
8
19 20
4078X Tꢁ01
SUPPLY VOLTꢁGE (V)
4078x Tꢁ01b
4078xfb
1
LTC4078/LTC4078X
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PIN CONFIGURATION
(Note 1)
Input Supply Voltage (DCIN, USBIN) ............–0.3 to 22V
ENꢁBLE, CHRG, PWR, BꢁTDET, BꢁT...............–0.3 to ꢀV
IDC, IUSB, ITERM Pin Current .................................1mꢁ
DCIN, USBIN, BꢁT Pin Current....................................1ꢁ
BꢁT Short-Circuit Duration............................Continuous
Maximum Junction Temperature........................... 125°C
Operating Temperature Range (Note 2).... –40°C to 85°C
Storage Temperature Range................... –ꢀ5°C to 125°C
TOP VIEW
USBIN
IUSB
1
2
3
4
5
10 DCIN
9
8
7
ꢀ
BꢁT
ITERM
PWR
11
IDC
BꢁTDET
ENꢁBLE
CHRG
DD PꢁCKꢁGE
10-LEꢁD (3mm × 3mm) PLꢁSTIC DFN
T
= 125°C, θ = 40°C/W (Note 3)
JMꢁX
Jꢁ
EXPOSED PꢁD (PIN 11) IS GND, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB
ORDER INFORMATION
LEAD FREE FINISH
LTC4078XEDD#PBF
LTC4078EDD#PBF
TAPE AND REEL
PART MARKING
LCYP
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
TEMPERATURE RANGE
LTC4078XEDD#TRPBF
LTC4078EDD#TRPBF
–40°C to 85°C
–40°C to 85°C
10-Lead (3mm × 3mm) Plastic DFN
10-Lead (3mm × 3mm) Plastic DFN
LDJY
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.
Consult LTC Marketing for information on non-standard lead based finish parts.
For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/
For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VDCIN = 5V, VUSBIN = 5V unless otherwise noted.
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
4.3
TYP
MAX
5.5
UNITS
l
l
V
V
Operating Supply Voltage
Operating Supply Voltage
DCIN Supply Current
V
V
DCIN
USBIN
DCIN
4.3
5.5
l
l
I
Charge Mode (Note 4), R = 10k
350
70
40
70
800
120
80
μꢁ
μꢁ
μꢁ
μꢁ
IDC
Standby Mode; Charge Terminated
Shutdown Mode (ENꢁBLE = 5V)
Overvoltage Mode (V
= 10V)
140
DCIN
l
l
I
USBIN Supply Current
Charge Mode (Note 5), R
= 10k, V
= 2V
DCIN
= 2V
DCIN
350
70
40
70
23
800
120
80
140
40
μꢁ
μꢁ
μꢁ
μꢁ
μꢁ
USBIN
IUSB
Standby Mode; Charge Terminated, V
Shutdown (V = 2V, ENꢁBLE = 0V)
DCIN
Overvoltage Mode (V
DCIN
= 10V)
USBIN
V
> V
USBIN
V
Regulated Output (Float) Voltage
BꢁT Pin Current
I
I
= 1mꢁ
4.185
4.1ꢀ5
4.2
4.2
4.215
4.235
V
V
FLOꢁT
BꢁT
BꢁT
= 1mꢁ, 0°C < T < 85°C
ꢁ
l
l
l
I
R
R
R
= 1.25k, Constant-Current Mode
770
455
93
800
47ꢀ
100
–7.5
–7.5
–7.5
830
495
107
–12
–12
–12
mꢁ
mꢁ
mꢁ
μꢁ
μꢁ
μꢁ
BꢁT
IDC
= 2.1k, Constant-Current Mode
IUSB
= 10k or R
= 10k
IDC
IUSB
Standby Mode, Charge Terminated
Shutdown Mode (Charger Disabled)
Sleep Mode (V
= 0V, V
= 0V)
DCIN
USBIN
4078xfb
2
LTC4078/LTC4078X
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VDCIN = 5V, VUSBIN = 5V unless otherwise noted.
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
1
MAX
UNITS
V
V
IDC Pin Regulated Voltage
IUSB Pin Regulated Voltage
Charge Current Termination Threshold
Constant-Current Mode
Constant-Current Mode
V
V
IDC
1
IUSB
l
l
l
l
I
R
ITERM
R
ITERM
R
ITERM
R
ITERM
= 1k
90
42
8
100
50
10
5
110
58
12
ꢀ.5
mꢁ
mꢁ
mꢁ
mꢁ
TERMINꢁTE
= 2k
= 10k
= 20k
3.5
I
Trickle Charge Current (Note ꢀ)
V
V
< V ; R = 1.25k
TRIKL IDC
ꢀ0
30
80
47.5
100
ꢀ5
mꢁ
mꢁ
TRIKL
BꢁT
BꢁT
< V
; R = 2.1k
TRIKL IUSB
V
Trickle Charge Threshold (Note ꢀ)
DCIN Undervoltage Lockout Voltage
USBIN Undervoltage Lockout Voltage
DCIN Overvoltage Lockout Voltage
USBIN Overvoltage Lockout Voltage
V
Rising
2.8
2.9
3
V
TRIKL
BꢁT
Hysteresis
100
mV
V
V
V
V
From Low to High
Hysteresis
4
4.15
190
4.3
4.1
ꢀ.2
ꢀ.2
V
mV
UVDC
From Low to High
Hysteresis
3.8
5.8
5.8
3.95
170
V
mV
UVUSB
OVDC
From Low to High
Hysteresis
ꢀ
185
V
mV
From Low to High
Hysteresis
ꢀ
185
V
mV
OVUSB
V
V
V
– V Lockout Threshold
V
V
from Low to High, V = 4.2V
70
10
120
40
170
70
mV
mV
ꢁSD-DC
DCIN
BꢁT
DCIN
DCIN
BꢁT
from High to Low, V = 4.2V
BꢁT
V
– V Lockout Threshold
V
USBIN
V
USBIN
from Low to High
from High to Low
70
10
120
40
170
70
mV
mV
ꢁSD-USB
USBIN
BꢁT
V
ENꢁBLE Input Threshold Voltage
ENꢁBLE Pulldown Resistance
BꢁTDET Input Threshold Voltage
BꢁTDET Pull-Up Current
0.ꢀ
1
0.9
2
1.2
3.5
2
V
MΩ
V
ENꢁBLE
l
R
ENꢁBLE
BDET
V
From Low to High
= 0V
1.25
2
1.75
4
I
V
ꢀ
μꢁ
V
BꢁTDET
BꢁTDET
V
V
BꢁTDET Open Circuit Voltage
4
4.2
0.12
4.4
0.35
BOC
OL
Output Low Voltage
(CHRG, PWR)
I
= 5mꢁ
V
SINK
ΔV
Recharge Battery Threshold Voltage
Recharge Comparator Filter Time
Termination Comparator Filter Time
V
V
– V
, 0°C < T < 85°C
90
2.25
1
125
4.1
1.ꢀ
ꢀ00
1ꢀ0
ꢀ.75
2.4
mV
ms
RECHRG
FLOꢁT
RECHRG
ꢁ
t
t
from High to Low
RECHRG
TERMINꢁTE
BꢁT
BꢁT
I
Drops Below Termination Threshold
ms
R
Power FET “ON” Resistance
(Between DCIN and BꢁT)
mΩ
ON-DC
ON-USB
LIM
R
Power FET “ON” Resistance
(Between USBIN and BꢁT)
700
120
mΩ
°C
T
Junction Temperature in Constant-
Temperature Mode
Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under ꢁbsolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any ꢁbsolute
Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device
reliability and lifetime.
Note 2: The LTC4078/LTC4078X are guaranteed to meet the performance
specifications from 0°C to 85°C. Specifications over the –40°C to 85°C
operating temperature range are assured by design, characterization and
correlation with statistical process controls.
Note 3: Failure to correctly solder the exposed backside of the package to
the PC board will result in a thermal resistance much higher than 40°C/W.
See Thermal Considerations.
Note 4: Supply current includes IDC and ITERM pin current (approximately
100μꢁ each) but does not include any current delivered to the battery
through the BꢁT pin.
Note 5: Supply current includes IUSB and ITERM pin current
(approximately 100μꢁ each) but does not include any current delivered to
the battery through the BꢁT pin.
Note 6: This parameter is not applicable to the LTC4078X.
4078xfb
3
LTC4078/LTC4078X
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.
Regulated Output (Float) Voltage
vs Charge Current
Regulated Output (Float) Voltage
vs Temperature
IDC Pin Voltage vs Temperature
(Constant-Current Mode)
4.220
4.215
4.210
4.205
4.200
4.195
4.190
4.185
4.180
1.008
1.00ꢀ
1.004
1.002
1.000
0.998
0.99ꢀ
0.994
0.992
4.2ꢀ
4.24
4.22
4.20
4.18
4.1ꢀ
4.14
4.12
4.10
V
DCIN
= V
= 5V
V
= 5V
DCIN
V
= V
USBIN
= 5V
USBIN
DCIN
R
= 1.24k
IDC
R
IDC
= R
= 2k
IUSB
–10
10
30
50
70
90
–10
10
30
50
70
90
0
100 200 300 400 500 ꢀ00 700 800 900
(mꢁ)
TEMPERꢁTURE (°C)
TEMPERꢁTURE (°C)
I
BꢁT
4078x G02
4078x G03
4078x G01
IUSB Pin Voltage vs Temperature
(Constant-Current Mode)
Charge Current
Charge Current
vs IDC Pin Voltage
vs IUSB Pin Voltage
1.008
1.00ꢀ
1.004
1.002
1.000
0.998
0.99ꢀ
0.994
0.992
900
800
700
ꢀ00
500
400
300
200
100
0
900
800
700
ꢀ00
500
400
300
200
100
0
V
= 5V
V
DCIN
= 5V
V
= 5V
USBIN
USBIN
R
= 1.24k
R
= 1.24k
IUSB
IDC
R
= 2k
IDC
R
= 2k
IUSB
R
= 10k
R
= 10k
IUSB
IDC
–10
10
30
50
70
90
0
0.2
0.4
0.ꢀ
(V)
0.8
1.0
1.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.ꢀ
0.8
1.0
1.2
TEMPERꢁTURE (°C)
V
V
(V)
IDC
IUSB
4078x G04
4078x G05
4078x G0ꢀ
PWR Pin I-V Curve
CHRG Pin I-V Curve
ꢀ0
50
40
30
20
10
0
ꢀ0
50
40
30
20
10
0
V
= V
= 5V
USBIN
V
= V
= 5V
USBIN
DCIN
DCIN
0
1
2
3
4
5
ꢀ
0
1
2
3
4
5
ꢀ
V
(V)
V
(V)
CHRG
PWR
4078x G08
4078x G07
4078xfb
4
LTC4078/LTC4078X
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.
Charge Current
Charge Current
vs Ambient Temperature
vs Supply Voltage
Charge Current vs Battery Voltage
1000
900
800
700
ꢀ00
500
400
300
200
100
0
1000
900
800
700
ꢀ00
500
400
300
200
100
0
R
= 1.24k
IDC
IDC
800
ꢀ00
400
200
R
= R
IUSB
= 2k
R
V
Jꢁ
= 1.24k
= 4V
V
V
θ
= V
= 5V
50
V
= V
= 5V
USBIN
IDC
BꢁT
= 30°C/W
DCIN
BꢁT
Jꢁ
USBIN
DCIN
IDC
= 4V
R
= 1.24k
θ
= 30°C/W
θ
= 30°C/W
Jꢁ
0
70
90 110 130
4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 ꢀ.0 ꢀ.5 7.0 7.5 8.0
(V)
2.4 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.ꢀ 3.9 4.2 4.5
(V)
–10
30
10
TEMPERꢁTURE (°C)
V
BꢁT
V
4078x G10
DCIN
4078x G12
4078x G11
DCIN Power FET On-Resistance
vs Temperature
USBIN Power FET On-Resistance
vs Temperature
ENABLE Pin Threshold Voltage
(On-to-Off) vs Temperature
900
850
800
750
700
ꢀ50
ꢀ00
800
750
700
ꢀ50
ꢀ00
550
500
1000
980
9ꢀ0
940
920
900
880
8ꢀ0
V
I
= 4V
= 200mꢁ
V
= V
= 5V
USBIN
V
I
= 4V
= 200mꢁ
BꢁT
BꢁT
DCIN
BꢁT
BꢁT
–10
10
30
50
70
90
–10
10
30
50
70
90
–10
10
30
50
70
90
TEMPERꢁTURE (°C)
TEMPERꢁTURE (°C)
TEMPERꢁTURE (°C)
4078x G14
4078x G15
4078x G13
USBIN Shutdown Current
vs Temperature
DCIN Shutdown Current
vs Temperature
ENABLE Pin Pulldown Resistance
vs Temperature
ꢀ0
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
2.4
2.3
2.2
2.1
2.0
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.ꢀ
ꢀ0
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
V
= 0V
V
= 5V
ENꢁBLE
ENꢁBLE
V
= 5V
USBIN
V
= 5V
DCIN
V
= 4.3V
USBIN
V
= 4.3V
DCIN
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
TEMPERꢁTURE (°C)
TEMPERꢁTURE (°C)
TEMPERꢁTURE (°C)
4078x G1ꢀ
4078x G17
4078x G18
4078xfb
5
LTC4078/LTC4078X
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.
Undervoltage Lockout Threshold
vs Temperature
Overvoltage Lockout Threshold
vs Temperature
ꢀ.10
4.25
4.20
4.15
4.10
4.05
4.00
3.95
3.90
3.85
ꢀ.05
ꢀ.00
5.95
5.90
5.85
5.80
DCIN UVLO
USBIN OVLO
DCIN OVLO
USBIN UVLO
–10
10
30
50
70
90
–10
10
30
50
70
90
TEMPERꢁTURE (°C)
TEMPERꢁTURE (°C)
4078x G20
4078x G19
Recharge Threshold Voltage
vs Temperature
Battery Drain Current
vs Temperature
4.11
4.09
4.07
4.05
4.03
9.0
8.5
8.0
7.5
7.0
ꢀ.5
ꢀ.0
V
= V
= 5V
USBIN
V
V
= V
= NOT CONNECTED
USBIN
DCIN
DCIN
BꢁT
= 4.2V
–10
10
30
50
70
90
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
TEMPERꢁTURE (°C)
TEMPERꢁTURE (°C)
4078x G21
4078x G22
BATDET Pin Threshold Voltage
(On-to-Off) vs Temperature
BATDET Voltage/Current
vs Temperature
2.0
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.ꢀ
1.5
1.4
4.4
4.3
4.2
4.1
4.0
ꢀ.00
V
= V
= 5V
USBIN
V
= V
= 5V
USBIN
DCIN
DCIN
V
BOC
5.25
4.50
3.75
3.00
I
BꢁTDET
–10
10
30
50
70
90
–10
10
30
50
70
90
TEMPERꢁTURE (°C)
TEMPERꢁTURE (°C)
4078x G23
4078x G24
4078xfb
6
LTC4078/LTC4078X
PIN FUNCTIONS
USBIN (Pin 1): USB Input Supply Pin. This input provides
low by an internal N-channel MOSFET. When the charge
cycle is completed, CHRG becomes high impedance. This
output is capable of driving an LED.
power to the battery charger assuming a voltage greater
than V
and less than V
is present (typically
UVUSB
OVUSB
3.95V to ꢀV respectively). However, the DCIN input will
take priority if a voltage greater than V is present at
DCIN (typically 4.15V). The USBIN input allows charge
currents up to 850mꢁ. This pin should be bypassed with
a 1μF capacitor.
ENABLE(Pin6):EnableInput.WhentheLTC4078/LTC4078X
are charging from the DCIN source, a logic low on this
pin enables the charger. When the LTC4078/LTC4078X are
charging from the USBIN source, a logic high on this pin
enables the charger. If this input is left floating, an internal
2MΩ pulldown resistor defaults the LTC4078/LTC4078X
to charge when a wall adapter is applied and to shut down
if only the USB source is applied.
UVDC
IUSB (Pin 2): Charge Current Program for USB Power.
The charge current is set by connecting a resistor, R
,
IUSB
to ground. When charging in constant-current mode, this
pin servos to 1V. The voltage on this pin can be used to
measure the battery current delivered from the USB input
using the following formula:
BATDET (Pin 7): Battery Detection Input. When the volt-
age on this pin falls below V
(typically 1.75V), the
BDET
charger is on and ready for charging a battery. If this
input is left floating, an internal pull-up resistor will dis-
able charging.
V
RIUSB
IUSB
IBAT
=
•1000
IDC (Pin 8): Charge Current Program for Wall ꢁdapter
ITERM (Pin 3): Termination Current Threshold Program.
Power. The charge current is set by connecting a resis-
The termination current threshold, I , is set by
TERMINꢁTE
tor, R , to ground. When charging in constant-current
IDC
connecting a resistor, R
, to ground. I
is set
ITERM
TERMINꢁTE
mode, this pin servos to 1V. The voltage on this pin can
be used to measure the battery current delivered from the
DC input using the following formula:
by the following formula:
100V
RITERM
ITERMINATE
=
V
RIDC
IDC
IBAT
=
•1000
When the battery current, I , falls below the termination
BꢁT
threshold, charging stops and the CHRG output becomes
high impedance. This pin is internally clamped to approxi-
mately 1.5V. Driving this pin to voltages beyond the clamp
voltage should be avoided.
BAT (Pin 9): Battery Charger Output. This pin provides
charge current to the battery and regulates the final float
voltage to 4.2V.
DCIN (Pin 10): Wall ꢁdapter Input Supply Pin. This input
PWR (Pin 4): Open-Drain Power Supply Status Output.
WhentheDCINorUSBINpinvoltageisvalidtobegincharg-
ing (i.e. when the supply is greater than the undervoltage
lockoutthreshold,lessthantheovervoltagelockoutthresh-
old and at least 120mV above the battery terminal), the
PWR pin is pulled low by an internal N-channel MOSFET.
Otherwise PWR is high impedance. This output is capable
of driving an LED.
provides power to the battery charger assuming a voltage
greater than V
and less than V
is present (typi-
UVDC
OVDC
cally4.15VtoꢀVrespectively). ꢁvalidvoltageontheDCIN
input will always take priority over the USBIN input. The
DCIN input allows charge currents up to 950mꢁ. This pin
should be bypassed with a 1μF capacitor.
Exposed Pad (Pin 11): GND. The exposed backside of the
packageisgroundandmustbesolderedtoPCboardground
for electrical connection and maximum heat transfer.
CHRG(Pin5):Open-DrainChargeStatusOutput.Whenthe
LTC4078/LTC4078X are charging, the CHRG pin is pulled
4078xfb
7
LTC4078/LTC4078X
BLOCK DIAGRAM
DCIN
10
BꢁT
9
USBIN
1
CC/CV
REGULꢁTOR
CC/CV
REGULꢁTOR
V
BOC
TRICKLE
DC_ENꢁBLE
CHꢁRGER CONTROL
TRICKLE DISꢁBLE
USB_ENꢁBLE
CHꢁRGE*
7
+
–
BꢁTDET
+
2.9V
1.75V
BꢁT
–
4
PWR
+
–
+
–
3.95V
BꢁT
ꢀV
4.15V
BꢁT
ꢀV
DCIN UVLO
DCIN OVLO
RECHꢁRGE
USBIN UVLO
+
–
+
–
+
–
+
–
USBIN OVLO
T
ꢀ
ENꢁBLE
+
–
+
–
DIE
2M
120°C
0.9V
THERMꢁL
REGULꢁTION
4.075V
BꢁT
+
–
0.1V
CHRG
5
–
+
I
/1000
I
/1000
I
/1000
BꢁT
BꢁT
BꢁT
TERMINꢁTION
GND
11
ITERM
IDC
IUSB
3
8
2
4078X BD
R
R
R
IUSB
ITERM
IDC
*TRICKLE CHꢁRGE DISꢁBLED ON THE LTC4078X
4078xfb
8
LTC4078/LTC4078X
OPERATION
Charge current out of the BꢁT pin can be determined at
any time by monitoring the IDC or IUSB pin voltage and
applying the following equations:
The LTC4078/LTC4078X are designed to efficiently man-
age charging of a single-cell lithium-ion battery from two
separatepowersources:awalladapterandUSBpowerbus.
Usingtheconstant-current/constant-voltagealgorithm,the
charger can deliver up to 950mꢁ of charge current from
the wall adapter supply or up to 850mꢁ of charge current
from the USB supply with a final float voltage accuracy of
0.ꢀ6.TheLTC4078/LTC4078XhavetwointernalP-chan-
nel power MOSFETs and thermal regulation circuitry. No
blocking diodes or external sense resistors are required.
V
IDC
IBAT
IBAT
=
=
•1000,(charging from wall adapter)
RIDC
V
IUSB
•1000,(charging fromUSBsupply)
RIUSB
Battery Detection
By default, the BꢁTDET pin is pulled high with an internal
resistor, disabling the charger. To enable the charger, the
Power Source Selection
The LTC4078/LTC4078X can charge a battery from ei-
ther the wall adapter input or the USB port input. The
LTC4078/LTC4078X automatically sense the presence of
voltage at each input. If both power sources are present,
the LTC4078/LTC4078X default to the wall adapter source
providedavalidvoltageispresentattheDCINinput. “Valid
voltage” is defined as:
BꢁTDET pin must be pulled below the V
threshold
BDET
(typically 1.75V). ꢁn external resistor to ground less than
100k (typically 3.9k) located in the battery pack is used to
detect battery presence.
Programming Charge Termination
The charge cycle terminates when the charge current
falls below the programmed termination threshold level
during constant-voltage mode. This threshold is set by
• Supply voltage is greater than the UVLO threshold
and less than the OVLO threshold.
connecting an external resistor, R , from the ITERM
ITERM
• Supply voltage is greater than the battery voltage by
40mV.
pin to ground. The charge termination current threshold
(I ) is set by the following equation:
TERMINꢁTE
Theopen-drainpowerstatusoutput(PWR)indicateswhich
power source has been selected. Table 1 describes the
behavior of this status output.
100V
ITERMINATE
100V
RITERM
RITERM
=
,ITERMINATE =
Programming and Monitoring Charge Current
The termination condition is detected using an internal
filtered comparator to monitor the ITERM pin. When the
ITERM pin voltage drops below 100mV* for longer than
The charge current delivered to the battery from the wall
adapter or USB supply is programmed using a single re-
sistor from the IDC or IUSB pin to ground. Both program
t
(typically 1.ꢀms), charging is terminated. The
TERMINꢁTE
charge current is latched off and the LTC4078/LTC4078X
enter standby mode.
resistors and charge currents (I
the following equations:
) are calculated using
CHRG
When charging, transient loads on the BꢁT pin can cause
the ITERM pin to fall below 100mV for short periods of
time before the DC charge current has dropped below the
1000V
ICHRGꢀDC
1000V
1000V
RIDC
RIDC
=
,ICHRGꢀDC =
1000V
RIUSB
*ꢁny external sources that hold the ITERM pin above 100mV will prevent the LTC4078X from
terminating a charge cycle.
RIUSB
=
, ICHRGꢀUSB =
ICHRGꢀUSB
4078xfb
9
LTC4078/LTC4078X
OPERATION
programmed termination current. The 1.ꢀms filter time
battery voltage falls below 4.075V (which corresponds to
approximately806to906batterycapacity).Thisensures
that the battery is kept at, or near, a fully charged condi-
tion and eliminates the need for periodic charge cycle
initiations.
(t ) on the termination comparator ensures that
TERMINꢁTE
transient loads of this nature do not result in premature
chargecycletermination.Oncetheaveragechargecurrent
drops below the programmed termination threshold, the
LTC4078/LTC4078X terminate the charge cycle and stops
providing current out of the BꢁT pin. In this state, any load
on the BꢁT pin must be supplied by the battery.
Manual Shutdown
TheENꢁBLEpinhasa2MΩpulldownresistortoGND. The
definitionofthispindependsonwhichsourceissupplying
power. When the wall adapter input is supplying power,
logiclowenablesthechargerandlogichighdisablesit(the
pulldown defaults the charger to the charging state). The
opposite is true when the USB input is supplying power;
logic low disables the charger and logic high enables it
(the default is the shutdown state).
Low-Battery Charge Conditioning (Trickle Charge)
Thisfeatureensuresthatnear-deadbatteriesaregradually
charged before applying full charge current. If the BꢁT pin
voltageisbelow2.9V,theLTC4078supply1/10thofthefull
charge current to the battery until the BꢁT pin rises above
2.9V. For example, if the charger is programmed to charge
at 800mꢁ from the wall adapter input and 500mꢁ from
the USB input, the charge current during trickle charge
mode would be 80mꢁ and 50mꢁ, respectively.
TheDCINinputdraws40μꢁwhenthechargerisinshutdown
mode. The USBIN input draws 40μꢁ during shutdown if
no voltage is applied to DCIN, but draws only 23μꢁ when
V
DCIN
provides valid voltage (see Table 1).
The LTC4078X does not include the trickle charge feature;
it outputs full charge current to the battery when the
BꢁT pin voltage is below 2.9V. The LTC4078X are useful
in applications where the trickle charge current may be
insufficient to supply a load during low-battery voltage
conditions.
Status Indicators
Thechargestatusopen-drainoutput(CHRG)hastwostates:
pulldownandhighimpedance.Thepulldownstateindicates
thattheLTC4078/LTC4078Xareinachargecycle.Oncethe
chargecyclehasterminatedortheLTC4078/LTC4078Xare
disabled, the pin state becomes high impedance.
Automatic Recharge
Thepowersupplystatusopen-drainoutput(PWR)hastwo
states: pulldown and high impedance. The pulldown state
indicates that power is present at either DCIN or USBIN.
In standby mode, the charger sits idle and monitors the
batteryvoltageusingacomparatorwitha4.1msfiltertime
(t
). ꢁ charge cycle automatically restarts when the
RECHRG
Table 1. Power Source Selection (VBATDET < 1.75V)
V
USBIN
< 3.95V or
6V > V
> 3.95V and
USBIN
USBIN
V
< BAT + 50mV
V
> BAT + 50mV
22V > V
> 6V
USBIN
USBIN
ENABLE
HIGH
LOW or No Connect
HIGH
LOW or No Connect
HIGH
LOW or No Connect
V
V
< 4.15V or
No Charging.
No Charging.
PWR: Hi-Z
CHRG: Hi-Z
Charging from
USBIN source.
PWR: LOW
No Charging.
PWR: LOW
CHRG: Hi-Z
No Charging.
PWR: Hi-Z
CHRG: Hi-Z
No Charging.
PWR: Hi-Z
CHRG: Hi-Z
DCIN
DCIN
< BꢁT + 50mV PWR: Hi-Z
CHRG: Hi-Z
CHRG: LOW
ꢀV > V
> 4.15V
No Charging.
PWR: LOW
CHRG: Hi-Z
Charging from DCIN No Charging.
Charging from DCIN No Charging.
Charging from DCIN
source.
DCIN
and V
> BꢁT +
source.
PWR: LOW
CHRG: Hi-Z
source.
PWR: LOW
CHRG: Hi-Z
DCIN
50mV
PWR: LOW
CHRG: LOW
PWR: LOW
CHRG: LOW
PWR: LOW
CHRG: LOW
22V > V
> ꢀV
No Charging.
PWR: Hi-Z
CHRG: Hi-Z
No Charging.
PWR: Hi-Z
CHRG: Hi-Z
No Charging.
PWR: LOW
CHRG: Hi-Z
No Charging.
PWR: LOW
CHRG: Hi-Z
No Charging.
PWR: Hi-Z
CHRG: Hi-Z
No Charging.
PWR: Hi-Z
CHRG: Hi-Z
DCIN
4078xfb
10
LTC4078/LTC4078X
OPERATION
This output is strong enough to drive an LED. If no valid
voltage is applied at either pin, the PWR pin is high im-
pedance, indicating that the LTC4078/LTC4078X lack valid
input voltage (see Table 1) to charge the battery.
the LTC4078/LTC4078X from excessive temperature and
allows the user to push the limits of the power handling
capability of a given circuit board without risk of damag-
ing the device. The charge current can be set according
to typical (not worst-case) ambient temperature with the
assurance that the charger will automatically reduce the
current in worst case conditions. DFN package power
considerations are discussed further in the ꢁpplications
Information section.
Thermal Limiting
ꢁninternalthermalfeedbackloopreducestheprogrammed
chargecurrentifthedietemperatureattemptstoriseabove
apresetvalueofapproximately120°C.Thisfeatureprotects
DCIN POWER REMOVED
ENꢁBLE = LOW
USB POWER REMOVED
NO POWER
POWER ꢁPPLIED
ENꢁBLE = HIGH
YES
NO
DCIN > 4.15V
ꢁND DCIN > BꢁT
NO
NO
NO
ꢀV > DCIN > 4.15V
ꢁND DCIN > BꢁT
ꢀV > USBIN > 3.95V
ꢁND USBIN > BꢁT
YES
YES
NO
BꢁTDET < 1.75V
BꢁTDET < 1.75V
YES
YES
FULL CURRENT (BꢁT > 2.9V)
FULL CURRENT (BꢁT > 2.9V)
1/10TH FULL CURRENT
(BꢁT < 2.9V)*
1/10TH FULL CURRENT
(BꢁT < 2.9V)*
CHRG STꢁTE: PULLDOWN
CHRG STꢁTE: PULLDOWN
I
< I
I
< I
BꢁT TERMINꢁTE
BꢁT TERMINꢁTE
IN VOLTꢁGE MODE
IN VOLTꢁGE MODE
STꢁNDBY MODE
STꢁNDBY MODE
(DCIN)
(USBIN)
BꢁT < 4.075V
BꢁT < 4.075V
NO CHꢁRGE CURRENT
CHRG STꢁTE: Hi-Z
NO CHꢁRGE CURRENT
CHRG STꢁTE: Hi-Z
SHUTDOWN MODE
(DCIN)
SHUTDOWN MODE
(USBIN)
CHRG STꢁTE: Hi-Z
CHRG STꢁTE: Hi-Z
4078X F01
*LTC4078 ONLY
Figure 1. LTC4078 State Diagram of a Charge Cycle
4078xfb
11
LTC4078/LTC4078X
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Using a Single Charge Current Program Resistor
Stability Considerations
The LTC4078/LTC4078X can program the wall adapter
chargecurrentandUSBchargecurrentindependentlyusing
Theconstant-voltagemodefeedbackloopisstablewithout
any compensation provided a battery is connected to the
charger output. However, a 1μF capacitor with a 1Ω series
resistor is recommended at the BꢁT pin to keep the ripple
voltage low when the battery is disconnected.
two program resistors, R and R
. Figure 2 shows a
IDC
IUSB
charger circuit that sets the wall adapter charge current
to 800mꢁ and the USB charge current to 500mꢁ.
In applications where the programmed wall adapter
charge current and USB charge current are the same, a
single program resistor can be used to set both charge
currents. Figure 3 shows a charger circuit that uses one
charge current program resistor.
When the charger is in constant-current mode, the charge
current program pin (IDC or IUSB) is in the feedback loop,
not the battery. The constant-current mode stability is af-
fectedbytheimpedanceatthechargecurrentprogrampin.
With no additional capacitance on this pin, the charger is
stable with program resistor values as high as 20k (I
CHRG
800mꢁ (WꢁLL)
LTC4078
= 50mꢁ); however, additional capacitance on these nodes
reduces the maximum allowed program resistor.
500mꢁ (USB)
WꢁLL
ꢁDꢁPTER
DCIN
BꢁT
USB
USBIN BꢁTDET
IUSB
4.2V
+
3.9k
R4
PORT
C2, 1μF
Li-Ion
Power Dissipation
BꢁTTERY
PꢁCK
R1
2k
16
IDC
ITERM
GND
C1
1μF
R3
2k
16
When designing the battery charger circuit, it is not
necessary to design for worst-case power dissipation
scenarios because the LTC4078/LTC4078X automatically
reduce the charge current during high power conditions.
The conditions that cause the LTC4078/LTC4078X to
reduce charge current through thermal feedback can be
approximated by considering the power dissipated in the
IC. Most of the power dissipation is generated from the
internal charger MOSFET. Thus, the power dissipation is
calculated to be:
R2
1.24k
16
4078X F02
Figure 2. Dual Input Charger with Independent Charge Currents
LTC4078
WꢁLL
500mꢁ
ꢁDꢁPTER
DCIN
BꢁT
USB
USBIN BꢁTDET
IUSB
4.2V
+
R4
3.9k
PORT
C2, 1μF
Li-Ion
BꢁTTERY
PꢁCK
C1
1μF
IDC
ITERM
GND
P = (V – V ) • I
BꢁT
R3
2k
16
D
IN
BꢁT
R1
2k
16
P is the dissipated power, V is the input supply volt-
D
IN
BꢁT
age (either DCIN or USBIN), V
is the battery voltage
4078X F03
and I is the charge current. The approximate ambient
BꢁT
Figure 3. Dual Input Charger Circuit. The Wall Adapter
Charge Current and USB Charge Current Are Both
Programmed to Be 500mA
temperature at which the thermal feedback begins to
protect the IC is:
T = 120°C – P • θ
Jꢁ
ꢁ
D
Inthiscircuit,theprogrammedchargecurrentfromboththe
wall adapter supply is the same value as the programmed
charge current from the USB supply:
T = 120°C – (V – V ) • I • θ
Jꢁ
ꢁ
IN
BꢁT
BꢁT
Example: ꢁn LTC4078/LTC4078X operating from a 5V wall
adapter (on the DCIN input) is programmed to supply
800mꢁ full-scale current to a discharged Li-Ion battery
with a voltage of 3.3V.
1000V
ICHRGꢀDC = ICHRGꢀUSB =
RISET
4078xfb
12
LTC4078/LTC4078X
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
LTC4078/LTC4078X can deliver over 800mꢁ to a battery
from a 5V supply at room temperature. Without a good
backside thermal connection, this number would drop to
much less than 500mꢁ.
ꢁssumingθ is40°C/W(seeThermalConsiderations),the
Jꢁ
ambienttemperatureatwhichtheLTC4078/LTC4078Xwill
begin to reduce the charge current is approximately:
T = 120°C – (5V – 3.3V) • (800mꢁ) • 40°C/W
ꢁ
Input Capacitor Selection
T = 120°C – 1.3ꢀW • 40°C/W = 120°C – 54.4°C
ꢁ
When an input supply is connected to a portable product,
the inductance of the cable and the high-Q ceramic input
capacitorformanL-Cresonantcircuit.WhiletheLTC4078/
LTC4078X are capable of withstanding input voltages as
high as 22V, if the input cable does not have adequate
mutual coupling or if there is not much impedance in
the cable, it is possible for the voltage at the input of the
product to reach as high as 2x the input voltage before it
settles out. To prevent excessive voltage from damaging
the LTC4078/LTC4078X during a hot insertion, it is best to
have a low voltage coefficient capacitor at the input pins
to the LTC4078/LTC4078X. This is achievable by select-
ing an X5R or X7R ceramic capacitor that has a higher
voltage rating than that required for the application. For
example, if the maximum expected input voltage is 15V,
a 25V X5R 1μF capacitor would be a better choice than
the smaller 1ꢀV X5R capacitor. Note that no charging will
occur with 15V in.
T = ꢀ5.ꢀ°C
ꢁ
The LTC4078/LTC4078X can be used above 70.ꢀ°C ambi-
ent, but the charge current will be reduced from 800mꢁ.
The approximate current at a given ambient temperature
can be approximated by:
120°C – TA
IBAT
=
(V – VBAT) •ꢀJA
IN
Using the previous example with an ambient temperature
of 75°C, the charge current will be reduced to approxi-
mately:
120°C – 75°C
(5V – 3.3V)• 40°C / W 68°C / A
BAT = 662mA
45°C
IBAT
=
=
I
It is important to remember that LTC4078/LTC4078X
applications do not need to be designed for worst-case
thermal conditions, since the IC will automatically reduce
power dissipation when the junction temperature reaches
approximately 120°C.
Using a tantalum capacitor or an aluminum electrolytic
capacitorforinputbypassing,orparallelingwithaceramic
capacitor will also reduce voltage overshoot during a hot
insertion. Ceramic capacitors with Y5V or Z5U dielectrics
are not recommeded.
Thermal Considerations
In order to deliver maximum charge current under all
conditions, it is critical that the exposed metal pad on
the backside of the LTC4078/LTC4078X DFN package is
properly soldered to the PC board ground. When cor-
ꢁlternatively, the following soft connect circuit can be
employed (as shown in Figure 4).
DCIN/USBIN
R1
2
rectly soldered to a 2500mm double sided 1oz copper
+15V
INPUT
40k
C1
1μF
board, the LTC4078/LTC4078X has a thermal resistance
of approximately 40°C/W. Failure to make thermal contact
between the exposed pad on the backside of the package
and the copper board will result in thermal resistances far
greater than 40°C/W. ꢁs an example, a correctly soldered
INPUT CꢁBLE
LTC4078
C2
100nF
MN1
GND
4078X F04
Figure 4. Input Soft Connect Circuit
4078xfb
13
LTC4078/LTC4078X
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
supply voltage, a series blocking diode can be used. In
other cases where the voltage drop must be kept low, a
P-channel MOSFET can be used (as shown in Figure 5).
In this circuit, capacitor C2 holds MN1 off when the cable
isfirstconnected. EventuallyC2beginstochargeuptothe
USB input voltage applying increasing gate drive to MN1.
The long time constant of R1 and C1 prevent the current
from rapidly building up in the cable, thus dampening out
any resonant overshoot.
DRꢁIN-BULK
DIODE OF FET
LTC4078
WꢁLL
ꢁDꢁPTER
DCIN
Reverse Polarity Input Voltage Protection
4078X F05
In some applications, protection from reverse polarity
voltage on the input supply pins is desired. With sufficient
Figure 5. Low Loss Reverse Polarity Protection
4078xfb
14
LTC4078/LTC4078X
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
DD Package
10-Lead Plastic DFN (3mm × 3mm)
(Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1ꢀ99)
0.675 ±0.05
3.50 ±0.05
2.15 ±0.05 (2 SIDES)
1.65 ±0.05
PACKAGE
OUTLINE
0.25 ± 0.05
0.50
BSC
2.38 ±0.05
(2 SIDES)
RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD PITCH AND DIMENSIONS
R = 0.115
0.38 ± 0.10
TYP
6
10
3.00 ±0.10
(4 SIDES)
1.65 ± 0.10
(2 SIDES)
PIN 1
TOP MARK
(SEE NOTE 6)
(DD) DFN 1103
5
1
0.25 ± 0.05
0.50 BSC
0.75 ±0.05
0.200 REF
2.38 ±0.10
(2 SIDES)
0.00 – 0.05
BOTTOM VIEW—EXPOSED PAD
NOTE:
1. DRAWING TO BE MADE A JEDEC PACKAGE OUTLINE M0-229 VARIATION OF (WEED-2).
CHECK THE LTC WEBSITE DATA SHEET FOR CURRENT STATUS OF VARIATION ASSIGNMENT
2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE
3. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS
4. DIMENSIONS OF EXPOSED PAD ON BOTTOM OF PACKAGE DO NOT INCLUDE
MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH, IF PRESENT, SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.15mm ON ANY SIDE
5. EXPOSED PAD SHALL BE SOLDER PLATED
6. SHADED AREA IS ONLY A REFERENCE FOR PIN 1 LOCATION ON THE
TOP AND BOTTOM OF PACKAGE
4078xfb
Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representa-
tion that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights.
15
LTC4078/LTC4078X
TYPICAL APPLICATION
Full Featured Li-Ion Charger
800mꢁ (WꢁLL)
475mꢁ (USB)
LTC4078
WꢁLL
ꢁDꢁPTER
BꢁT
DCIN
USB
POWER
1k
1k
USBIN
1μF
1μF
PWR
CHRG
BꢁTDET
4.2V Li-Ion
BꢁTTERY
PꢁCK
IUSB
IDC
+
3.9k
ITERM
GND
2.1k
16
1.24k
16
1k
16
4078X Tꢁ02
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LTC40ꢀ8/LTC40ꢀ8X Standalone Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger with
Programmable Termination
Charge Current Up to 950mꢁ, Thermal Regulation, 3mm × 3mm DFN-8 Package
LTC4075/
Dual Input Standalone Li-Ion Battery Charger
Dual Input Standalone Li-Ion Battery Charger
Dual Input Standalone Li-Ion Battery Charger
950mꢁ Charger Current, Thermal Regulation, C/X Charge Termination, USB
Charge Current Set Via Resistor, 3mm × 3mm DFN Package; LTC4075HVX Has
22V Input Protection.
LTC4075HVX
LTC407ꢀ
LTC4077
950mꢁ Charger Current, Thermal Regulation, C/X Charge Termination,
Fixed C or C/5 USB Charge Current for Low Power USB Operation, 3mm × 3mm
DFN Package
950mꢁ Charger Current, Thermal Regulation, C/X Charge Termination,
Programmable C or C/x USB Charge Current for Low Power USB Operation,
Fixed C/10 Wall ꢁdapter and C/10 or C/2 Charge Current Termination,
3mm × 3mm DFN Package
LTC4085
USB Power Manager with Ideal Diode Controller Charges Single-Cell Li-Ion Batteries Directly from USB Port, Thermal Regulation,
and Li-Ion Charger 200mΩ Ideal Diode with <50mΩ Option, 4mm × 3mm DFN-14 Package
LTC4089/
LTC4089-5
USB Power Manager with Ideal Diode Controller High Efficiency 1.2ꢁ Charger from ꢀV to 3ꢀV (40V Max) Input Charges Single-Cell
and High Efficiency Li-Ion Battery Charger
Li-Ion Batteries Directly from USB Port, Thermal Regulation, 200mΩ Ideal Diode
with <50mΩ Option, Bat-Track ꢁdaptive Output Control (LTC4089), Fixed 5V
Output (LTC4089-5), 4mm × 3mm DFN-14 Package
LTC4411/LTC4412 Low Loss PowerPath™ Controller in ThinSOT
ꢁutomatic Switching Between DC Sources, Load Sharing, Replaces ORing Diodes
ThinSOT and PowerPath are trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation.
4078xfb
LT 0308 REV B • PRINTED IN USA
LinearTechnology Corporation
1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417
16
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© LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2007
(408) 432-1900 FAX: (408) 434-0507 www.linear.com
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