BA3101 [ETC]
; - 12号的铝制车身绘（ RAL 7032 ）
ETC 
10W Stereo Class D Audio
Power Amplifier
BA3101
Data Sheet
Rev.1.0, 2009.08.01
Biforst Technology Inc.
Page 0 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The BA3101 is a 12V class D amplifier from Biforst Technology. BA3101 provide volume
control with four selectable gain settings. BA3101 is a 10-W (per channel) with lower supply
current and fewer external components for driving bridged-tied stereo speaker directly.
BA3101 operates with high efficiency energy conversion up to 89% (8-Ω Load) so that the
external heat sink can be eliminated while playing music. Two gain select pins, GAIN0 and
GAIN1, control the two controllable gain values, with firm gain selections are 20dB, 26dB, 32dB,
36dB.
BA3101 also integrates Anti-Pop, Output Short & Over-Heat Protection Circuitry to ensure
device reliability. This device output are completely protected from shorts to ground or supply pin
as well as protected from Output Pin to Output Pin short. All the output short protection features
are auto restore and auto monitor.
FEATURE
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
9.2W Per Channel Into 8-Ω Speakers (THD+N = 10%@12V)
10.8W Per Channel into 8-Ω Speakers (THD+N = 10%@13V)
Operation Voltage From 8V To 15V
Maximum Power Efficiency Into 8-Ω, 89%
Total four selectable, firm-gain solution
Differential input
Automatic monitor and restore scheme for short and over heat protection
Clock synchronization master/slave for multiple Class D device
Eliminates output clamp and bypass capacitors
Package is SMD 7mm * 7mm 48 Pins TQFP-with Exposed Thermal Pad
APPLICATION
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
LCD TV
LCD Monitor
Powered Speaker
Hi-Fi Audio System
Page 1 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The lead should be shorted together or the device placed in
conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the device.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Over operating free-air temperature range, unless otherwise specified (* 1)
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
VALUE
UNIT
VDD, PVDDL, PVDDR
Supply voltage
-0.3 to 15
V
VI( SHUTDOWN , MUTE)
VI(GAIN0, GAIN1, RINN,
Input voltage
-0.3 to VCC+0.3
V
V
RINP, LINN, LINP, MSTR/ SLV ,
Input voltage
-0.3 to VREG+0.5
SYNC)
TA
Operating free-air temperature range
Operating junction temperature range(* 2)
Storage temperature range
-40 ~ +85
-40 to +150
-65 to 85
oC
oC
oC
TJ
TSTG
R(Load)
Minimum load resistance
Human body model
Machine model
8
Ω
kV
V
Electrostatic discharge
Electrostatic discharge
2
200
( *1): Stress beyond those listed at “absolute maximum rating” table may cause permanent damage to the device. These are
stress rating ONLY. For functional operation are strongly recommend follow up “recommended operation conditions” table.
( *2): BA3101 package embedded with an exposed thermal PAD underside of package. The exposed PAD performs the function
of heat sink and it have to be connected to a thermally dissipating plane for power dissipation. Failure to do so will result in the
device going into thermal protection shutdown.
PACKAGE DISSPATION RATINGS
PACKAGE
θ
ja(junction to ambient air)
θ
jc(junction to case)
UNIT
TQFP 48 pin with Expose Pad
35.24
7.14
mW/
*This data was taken using 1 oz copper pad that is soldered directly to FR-4 PCB. The thermal pad must be soldered to the thermal land on PCB.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
Over operating free-air temperature range, unless otherwise specified
SPECIFICATION
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITION
UNIT
MIN
MAX
VDD PVDDL PVDDR
VDD
Supply voltage
8
15
V
Page 2 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
SPECIFICATION
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITION
UNIT
MIN
MAX
High level input
voltage
SHUTDOWN MSTR/ SLV SYNC GAIN0
GAIN1 MUTE
VIH
2.0
V
Low level input
voltage
SHUTDOWN MSTR/ SLV SYNC MUTE
VIL
0.8
V
GAIN0 GAIN1
VI=VDD VDD=15 V
MUTE VI=VDD VDD=15 V
VI=VREG VDD=15 V
VI=VDD VDD=15 V
VI=0 V VDD=12 V
150
80
2
High level input
current
IIH
uA
IIL
Low level input
current
2
uA
V
1
High level output
voltage
FAULT IOH =1 mA
FAULT IOL=-1 mA
VREG-0.6
VOH
VOL
fOSC
TA
Low level output
voltage
AGND +0.4
300
V
Oscillator frequency
ROSC Resistor = 100 kΩ MSTR/ SLV = 2 V
250
- 40
kHZ
oC
Operating free-air
temperature
85
DC CHARACTERISTICS
TA = 25 , VDD= 12V, RL = 8Ω, Gain =20dB (unless otherwise noted)
SPECIFICATION
SYMBOL
VREG
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITION
UNIT
MIN TYP MAX
5V internal supply
voltage
No load
No load
4.5
5
5.5
V
V
Bypass reference
for input amplifier
DC power supply
rejection ratio
Drain-Source
on –state
VBYP
1.15
1.25
1.35
|PSRR|
VDD=12V, input AC tie ground, Gain=36dB
70
dB
High Side
365
365
VDD=12V, PO=8W,
RDS(ON)
mΩ
RL=8Ω
Low Side
resistance
GAIN1=L
GAIN1=H
GAIN1=L
GAIN1=H
20
26
32
36
GAIN0=L
GAIN0=H
G
Gain
dB
Page 3 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
SPECIFICATION
SYMBOL
TON
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITION
UNIT
ms
MIN TYP MAX
Turn-On time
Turn-Off time
C(VBYP)=1µF, SHUTDOWN =H
C(VBYP)=1µF, SHUTDOWN =L
25
TOFF
0.1
ms
SHUTDOWN =H, MUTE=L, no load, no
filter, no snubber
Quiescent
Mute mode
24
11
SHUTDOWN =H, MUTE=H, no load, no
filter, no snubber
ICC
mA
SHUTDOWN =L, no load, no filter, no
snubber
Shutdown mode
200µA
AC CHARACTERISTICS
TA = 25 , VDD= 12V, RL = 8Ω, Gain =20dB (unless otherwise noted)
SPECIFICATION
SYMBOL
|Ksvr|
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITION
UNIT
dB
MIN TYP MAX
Supply ripple
rejection
200mVPP ripple from 20Hz-1kHz, input AC
tie ground
70
0.17
90
Total harmonic
distortion and noise
Crosstalk between
L/R channel
THD+N
f=1kHz, PO=5W
%
|Crosstalk|
Vo=1VRMS,f=1kHz
THD+N=1%
dB
7.4
9.2
Continuous output
power
PO
f=1kHz
W
THD+N=10%
VDD=13V,THD+N=10%
10.8
93
SNR
VN
Signal to noise ratio
Output noise
THD+N=1%, A-weighted, f=1kHz
22Hz to 22kHz, A-weighted filter
dB
150
µV
Page 4 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
PIN ASSIGNMENTS
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
1
2
3
4
5
GND
GND
RINN
PVDDR
PVDDR
PVSSR
PVSSR
N.C.
RINP
GND
LINP
LINN
6
BA-3101
Exposed-Thermal PAD
GAIN0
GAIN0
GAIN1
7
N.C.
PVSSL
PVSSL
PVDDL
PVDDL
GND
8
9
10
11
12
MSTR/SLV_B
SYNC
GND
PIN DESCRIPTION
I/O Pad Function
Pin No.
Pin
Type
Power ground
1
2
3
4
5
6
GND
RINN
RINP
GND
LINP
LINN
POWER
Input
Right channel negative audio signal input
Right channel positive audio signal input
Power ground
Input
POWER
Input
Left channel positive audio signal input
Left channel negative audio signal input
Gain control input to select least significant bit
Gain control input to select most significant bit
Power
Input
7 ~ 8 GAIN0
9
GAIN1
Input
Determine clock operating mode. While this pin is H state, BA3101
operates in clock master mode, SYNC outputs operating clock, otherwise
the operating mode is clock Slave mode, SYNC pin accept clock input.
Could be input or output clock to synchronize multiple class D devices.
I/O direction is decided by “MSTR/ SLV ” pin.
10
MSTR/ SLV
SYNC
Input
11
Input/Output
Power ground
12 ~ 13 GND
Power
Input/Output
Output
External resistor for current control
5V voltage regulation output for internal reference.
Bias reference voltage output, need connect an external capacitor.
Power ground
14
15
16
17
18
ROSC
VREG
VBYP
GND
NC
Output
Power
Page 5 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
Left channel positive output
Left channel negative output
19 ~ 20 LOUTP
21 ~ 22 LOUTN
Output
Output
23
NC
Power ground
24 ~ 25 GND
26 ~ 27 PVDDL
28 ~ 29 PVSSL
30 ~ 31 NC
Power
Power
Power
Power supply for left channel output
Power ground for left channel output
Power ground for right channel output
Power supply for right channel output
Power ground
32 ~ 33 PVSSR
34 ~ 35 PVDDR
36 ~ 37 GND
Power
Power
Power
38
NC
Right channel negative output
Right channel negative output
39 ~ 40 ROUTN
41 ~ 42 ROUTP
Output
Output
43
44
NC
Shutdown signal for IC (L state = disabled, H state= normal). TTL logic
SHUTDOWN_B
MUTE
Input
Input
levels with compliance to VDD
Signal to instantly disable output; Signal is TTL logic level compatible and
compliance with VDD
.
45
46
.
Fault status indicator. HIGH = short-circuit fault. LOW = fault-free. Only
reports short-circuit faults.
FAULT
Output
Power
Power supply.
47 ~ 48 VDD
Exposed Thermal
PAD
The thermal pad have to be soldered and be connect to the PCB large
ground copper area.
Page 6 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
TEST SETUP FOR PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENTS
OUTP
INP
+
-
+
BA3101
AP
AUX-0025
AP SYS-2722
AP SYS-2722
(Analog Generator)
-
Load
(Analog Analyzer)
Demo Board
INN
OUTN
10uF
Power
Supply
Page 7 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
Note: This connection diagram shows single channel configuration. All graphs were measured by BA3101 demo board. Two 22µH
inductors are used in series with load resistor to emulate the speaker for efficiency measurement.
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table of Graphs
Figure No.
Description
THD+N vs. Output Power
1
Gain=20dB,Load=8Ω,VDD=12V
Gain=20dB,Load=8Ω,VDD=12V
2
3
4
5
6
7
THD+N vs. Output Frequency
Crosstalk vs. Frequency
Gain and Phase
Gain=20dB,Load=8Ω,VDD=12V,
THD+N=1%
Gain=32dB,Load=8Ω,VDD=12V,
CIN=10µF,VIN=0.1V
Output Power vs. Supply Voltage
Output Power vs. Current
Efficiency
Gain=20dB,Load=8Ω
Gain=32dB,Load=8Ω
Gain=32dB,Load=8Ω,VDD=12V
Important notice: Power above 10 W may require increased heatsinking.
Figure 1. THD+N vs Output Power
Page 8 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
Figure 2. THD+N vs Frequency
Figure 3. Crosstalk vs Frequency
Page 9 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
Figure 4. Gain and Phase Shift vs Frequency
Figure 5. Output Power vs Supply
Page 10 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
Figure 6. Supply Current vs Output Power
Figure 7. Efficiency
FUNCTION DESCRIPTION
Output Filter Application Note
Design the BA3101 without the filter if the traces from amplifier to speaker are short (< 10cm), where
the speaker is in the same enclosure as the amplifier is a typical application for class D without a filter.
Many applications require a ferrite bead filter. The ferrite filter reduces EMI around 30MHz. When
selecting a ferrite bead, choose one with high impedance at high frequencies, but low impedance at low
frequencies.
Page 11 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
Use an LC output filter if there are low frequency (<1 MHz) EMI sensitive circuits and there are long
wires from the amplifier to the speaker.
Figure 8. Typical LC Output Filter, Speaker Impedance=8Ω
Figure 9. Typical Ferrite Chip Bead Output Filter, Speaker Impedance=8Ω
Inductors used in LC filters must be selected carefully. A significant change in inductance at the peak
output current of the BA3101 will cause increased distortion. The change of inductance at currents up to
the peak output current must be less than 0.1µH per amp to avoid this. Also note that smaller inductors
than 33µH may cause an increase in distortion above what is shown in preceding graphs of THD versus
frequency and output power. In all cases, avoid using inductors which value are less than 22µH.
Capacitors used in LC filters must also be selected carefully. A significant change in capacitance at
the peak output voltage of the BA3101 will cause increased distortion. LC filter capacitors should have DC
voltage ratings of at least twice the peak application voltage (the power supply voltage). In all cases, it is
strongly recommended using capacitors with good temperature ratings like X5R.
Output Snubbers
In Figure 11, the 470pF capacitors in series with 22Ω resistors from the outputs of the BA3101 to
switching snubbers. They smooth switching transitions and reduce overshoot and ringing. By doing so
they improve THD+N at lower power levels and they improve EMC by 2 to 4 dB at middle frequencies.
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BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
They increase quiescent current by 3mA to 11mA depending on power supply voltage.
Figure 10. Output Snubbers
Over-Heat Protection
Over-Heat protection on the BA3101 prevents damage to the device when the internal die junction
temperature exceeds 150°C. Once the die temperature exceeds the thermal set point, the device enters
the shutdown state and the outputs are disabled. The device will back to normal operation when die
temperature is reduced without external system interaction.
Output Short Protection
The BA3101 has output short circuit protection circuitry on the outputs that prevents damage to the
device during output-to-output short, output-to-GND short and output-to-VDD short. BA3101 enter the
shutdown state and the outputs are disabled when detects output short. This is a latched fault and must be
reset by cycling the voltage on SHUTDOWN pin or MUTE pin, or by cycling the power off and then back
on. This clears the short circuit flag and allows for normal operation if the short was removed. If the short
was not removed, the protection circuitry would active again.
Internal 5V reference
The VREG terminal (pin 15) is the output of an internally generated 5V supply, used for the oscillator,
preamplifier, and gain control circuitry. It is highly recommended to place a 10nF~100nF capacitor close to
the pin to keep the internal regulator stable. This regulated voltage should be used to connect GAIN0,
GAIN1, MSTR/ SLV , and MUTE terminals only. Do not use it to drive external circuitry.
Bypass Capacitor
The internal bias generator (VBYP) nominally provides a 1.25V bias for the preamplifier stages using
internally. The input coupling capacitors and this internal voltage reference allow the inputs to be biased
Page 13 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
within the optimal common-mode range of the input preamplifiers. The value of the capacitor on the VBYP
terminal (pin 16) is critical related to amplifier performance. During power up or recovery from the
shutdown state, this capacitor determines the rate at which the amplifier starts up. Using a larger value of
VBYP capacitor can increase amplifier start-up time but should not exceed 10µF.
Selection of ROSC
The class D output switching frequency can be controlled by ROSC and COSC by the following equation:
1
fOUT
=
2× ROSC ×COSC
ROSC is an external resistance connected to pin 14 that is nominally 100kΩ. COSC is an internal
capacitor that is nominally equal to 18 pF. Variation over fabrication process and temperature can result in
a 15% change in this capacitor value. For example, if ROSC is fixed at 100kΩ, the frequency from device
to device with this fixed resistance could vary from 300 kHz to 250 kHz including the variations of ROSC
resistor.
LOW-ESR Capacitors
Low-ESR capacitors are high recommended for this application. Generally a practical capacitor can
be modeled simply as a resistor in series with an ideal capacitor. The voltage drop across this unwanted
resistor can eliminate the effects of the ideal capacitor. Place low ESR capacitors on supply circuitry can
improve THD+N performance.
Decoupling Capacitors
BA3101 requires appropriate power decoupling to minimize the output total harmonic distortion (THD).
Power supply decoupling also prevents intrinsic oscillations for long lead lengths between the amplifier
and the speaker. The optimum decoupling is achieved by using two capacitors of different types that target
different types of noise on the power supply lines. For higher frequency spikes, or digital hash on the rail, a
good low ESR ceramic capacitor, for example 0.1µF to 10µF, placed as close as possible to PVDD_A
pins works best. For filtering lower frequency noise, a larger low ESR aluminum electrolytic capacitor of
220µF or greater placed near the audio power amplifier is also recommended. The 220µF capacitor also
serves as local storage capacitor for supplying current during heavy duty on the amplifier outputs. The
PVDD_A terminals provide the power to the output transistors, so a 220µF or larger capacitor should be
placed on each channel PVDD_A terminal. A 10µF ceramic capacitor on each VDD terminal is also
recommended.
Gain Settings
The gain of the BA3101 can be set by GAIN0 and GAIN1 pins. The gain ratios listed in Table are
implemented by changing the taps on the feedback resistors in the preamplifier stage. Since the gain
settings are controlled by ratios of input resistor and feedback resistor of the preamplifier, the gain ratio
may varies with different VDD supply. Note the amplifier gain ratio is obtained at 12V VDD supply.
Page 14 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
Gain 1
Gain 0
Gain Ratio
36dB
1
1
0
0
1
0
32dB
1
26dB
0
20dB
Table 1. BA3101 Gain Ratio
Differential Input
The differential input stage of the amplifier can cancel any common-mode noise coupled from input
paths. To use the BA3101 with a differential signal source, connect the positive output of the audio source
to the INP input and the negative output from the audio source to the INN input. To use the BA3101 with a
single-ended signal source, ac ground the INP or INN input through a coupling capacitor equal in value to
the input capacitor on INN or INP and apply the audio source to either input. In single-ended input
configuration, the unused inputs should be ac grounded at the audio source instead of at the IC input for
better noise performance.
SHUTDOWN OPERATION
The BA3101 employs a shutdown mode of operation designed to reduce supply current to the
absolute minimum level during periods of nonuse for power conservation. This terminal should be held
high during normal operation when the amplifier is in normal operating. Pulling low causes the output
drivers shutdown and the amplifier to enter a low-current state. Do not leave it unconnected, because
there is no weakly pulling resistor inside the amplifier. Remember that to place the amplifier in the
shutdown state prior to removing the power supply voltage so that power-off pop noise can be eliminated.
MSTR/ SLV and SYNC Operation
The MSTR/ SLV and SYNC terminals can be used to synchronize the frequency of the class D
output switching. When the MSTR/ SLV terminal is high, the output switching frequency is determined by
the selection of the resistor connected to the ROSC terminal. The SYNC terminal becomes an output
in this mode, and the frequency of this output is also determined by the selection of the ROSC resistor.
This TTL compatible, push-pull output can be connected to another BA3101, configured in the slave mode.
The output switching is synchronized to avoid any beat frequencies that could occur in the audio band
when two class D amplifiers in the same system produces switching noises on VDD supply. When
MSTR/ SLV terminal is in low state, the output switching frequency is determined by the incoming square
wave on the SYNC input. The SYNC terminal becomes an input in this mode and accepts a TTL
compatible square wave from another BA3101 configured in the master mode or from an external GPIO. If
connecting to an external GPIO, recommended frequencies are 225 kHz to 325 kHz for proper device
Page 15 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
operation.
SAMPLE APPLICATION CIRCUIT
Figure 11. Stereo Class D with Differential Inputs
Figure 12. Stereo Class D with Single-Ended Inputs
Page 16 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
PACKAGE DIMENSION
TQFP-48-EP
Page 17 of 7
BA3101
10W Stereo Class D Audio Power Amplifier
CONTACT INFORMATION
Biforst Technology Inc.
3F-3, No.32, Tai Yuen St., Jubei City, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Tel: 886-3-552-6521; Fax: 886-3-552-6558; Email: sales@biforst.com.tw
Revision History
Version
0.2
Date
Page
Description
2009.06.24
2009.08.01
Preliminary Release
Initial Release
1.0
Page 18 of 7
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