CK1481_技术文档

CML Semiconductor Products

PRODUCT INFORMATION

Non-Predictive Selcall Module

CM1481

Obsolete Product

‘For Information Only’

Applications

Selcall inTwo-Way Radio

Alarm Systems

‘SECURE’Control and Switching

Industrial Control

Automatic User Identity

Remote Control/Switching

★‘N’-T^ONES^ELCALLE^NCODING& N^ON-P^REDICTIVED^ECODING+ G^ROUPC^ALLING

★

CM1481

Operating

and

Programming

Manual

Features

★ Encoding and Non-Predictive

★ Low-Power Requirement

(4.0mA @ 6v to 26v D.C. ^[typ]

All-Tone Decoding

)

★ All-System GROUP-Call

★ Transponding and ANI

★ CCIR, EEA and ZVEI Tonesets

★ Simple, Serial Configuration

★ Multiple Coded Audio Alerts

★ PTT Time-Out Timer

★ Over-Air “Stun and Release” and

“Re-Configuration”

★ Remote Reset Facility

★ Simple Radio Interface

★ PTT Lockout

The CM1481 Non-Predictive Selcall Module

Table of Contents

Introduction to The CM1481

Summary of Standard Functions and Features

Installation Instructions

Power Requirements

Handling Precautions

Alert Audio Levels

3

4

Radio Interface

5

Circuit Diagram

6

PCB Layout

7

Configuration

8

Configuration Menu

Error and Status Messages

Receive Call Operation

Transmit Call Operation

LED Call Memory

LED Drive

Automatic REPEAT-Tone

Timed Mute Reset

Audio Alerts

PTT Lockout

Single or Dual Button Operation

Automatic Number Identification (ANI)

Tx Timeout and Warning

N^OTONETimer

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

Transponding

Input/Output Polarities

Lead-In Tone

Quiet/Open Modes

Lead-In Delay

Over-Air Functions

Power-Up 'Quiet'/'Open'

‘Muted’ Call Initiation

Security Checks

Example Over-Air Transactions

Pseudo-Random Number Information

Over-Air Tone Information

Hexadecimal Sequential Code

Operational Rules

Tone Allocations

International GROUP CALL

Non-International GROUP CALL

Specification

Ordering Information

2

Brief Introduction to The CM1481

The CM1481 is a compact 5- or 6-Tone CCIR, EEA

and ZVEI selcall module with individual address

encoding, non-predictive all-tone decoding,

transponding and full, all-system GROUP Call and ANI

capabilities.

‘Stun’, ‘Release’ and ‘Re-Configuration’ operations

are carried out using a secure authentication protocol

to prevent accidental or illegal transactions.

The unit may be muted by the base.

Under the control of its on-board µController,

operating from instructions written to it by a simple

menu-driven configuration operation from a basic 'PC'

type computer, the CM1481 can completely control

the workings of the radio's Rx and Tx audio

processes.

In addition to normal selcall facilities, the CM1481

offers, as standard, a range of over-air control facilities

to allow a base-station additional control when working

with remote units.

These added facilities are:

‘Stun’ and ‘Release’ - To allow the controller to

completely ‘freeze’ all module and parent radio audio

functions rendering it inoperative until ‘Released’. This

to counter theft, air misuse/abuse or non-payment of

fees.

After Configuration the only operator inputs

required are Microphone/Handset, Volume and Selcall

Tx/Mute controls.

The CM1481 will detect and decode all incoming

tone information, controlling the radio functions whilst

providing the operator with various coded audio alerts

to indicate status and progress.

‘Re-Configuration’ - To change module addresses

and modes via an over-air command. This to allow

unit participation in other user groups.

13

J1/

CM1481

D

+

-

1

J1/

U1

+

U3

X1

U4

Configuration Interface Connector

U2

TCH

WI

S

O

-AUDI

IN

OUT

Fig.1 A Typical Configuration Setup

CM1481 - A Summary of Standard Functions and Features

Configuration by Menu-Driven

Software via a Serial ‘PC’ Link

Individual Addressing

Identification (ANI)

Extended Group & Data Tone

Facilities

Programmable Lead-In Tone

and Delay

CCIR, EEA and ZVEI

Toneset/Length Capabilities

Simple Radio Interface

Transponding Facility

HSC Signalling Control Features

Over-Air “Stun” & “Release”

Low-Power Requirement

(4.0mA typ)

Single or Dual Button Operation

Timed Mute Reset

Rapid Over-Air “Re-

Configuration”

“Muted” Call Initiation

Tx (PTT) Time Out + Warning

PTT (Busy) Lockout

Programmable I/O Polarities

Lead/Trail Automatic Number

Remote Reset

CMOS Compatible Logic

Operators' Coded Call-Alert

Capability

3

Installation

Installation Instructions

The CM1481 is designed to be embodied physically within a mobile, portable or handheld transceiver to interface

electrically with Rx and Tx audio circuitry via the Radio Interface. The diagram below shows the input and output

system functions of the CM1481.

Before Installation it is recommended that this document is studied carefully.

Power Supply

V IN (13)

(12) GND

(5)

(4)

(3)

(2)

(1)

PTT IN

QUIET/OPEN

Tx CALL

Regulator

Micro-Controller

Tx ON

MUTE CTRL (10)

(11)

BUSY

CONFIG

(8)

(9)

LED

TONE OUT

ALERT

(7)

Audio

Signalling

Processor

EEPROM

(6)

SIGNAL IN

Audio Switch

Fig.2 The Radio Interface

Method of Installation

Handling Precautions

Ensuring that there is sufficient room to introduce

the Radio Interface lead and the Configuration

Interface Connector, place the CM1481 into its

operating position using the double-sided sticky-pad

(supplied) on the discrete component side of the

module. Ensure that the module adheres firmly to its

mounting surface.

The CM1481, which is supplied in an anti-static

package, contains CMOS devices. It is recommended

that to prevent damage, Electrostatic Discharge

Precautions are employed at all stages of any

production process involving this module.

Alert Audio Levels

Consider the requirements for Single or Dual

Button operation.

If alert levels from the CM1481 are to be fed into

an external audio amplifier it is recommended that the

LINK is removed. Removal of the LINK will allow

connection to high-impedance loads.

Do not attempt to install the module into areas of

the radio where it may be subject to high RF fields.

Ensure that the CM1481 is well insulated from other

radio components.

LINK IN can drive an external loudspeaker.

LINK OUT can drive an external amplifier.

See layout diagrams, Figure 4, and Table 5 (Audio

Alert Descriptions).

It is recommended, at this stage, that some record

is formulated to identify the configuration state of the

module/radio pair.

Installation Dimensions

CM1481 board size.

Power Requirements

The supply voltage requirement of the CM1481 is

between 6 and 26 volts d.c.

45mm x 22mm x 8mm.

4

Installation ......

CM1481 Radio Interface

The table below shows the functions and interconnections of the CM1481 interface (J1) employed in both NORMAL

and CONFIGURATION modes.

Functions prefixed by a star (*) indicate configurable IN/OUT polarities. Consult the Configuration section of this

manual for Configuration Instructions and Configuration Interface Connector termination information.

1

Function

Normal Mode - to Radio

Function

Configure Mode - to PC

CONFIG

Configuration mode sense. When this pin is “High” the module WILL NOT enter the CONFIGURATION

mode, when “Low” the module WILL enter the CONFIGURATION mode on power-up.

2

3

* BUSY

Input from the radio squelch circuitry. A level here

indicates the presence of an RF carrier.

* Tx CALL

Input from the installation “Operation” momentary- CLOCK

action switch to initiate a Selcall.

The CLOCK signal generated by

the configuring PC is input here.

See "Single/Dual Button" Operation notes.

4

5

* QUIET/OPEN Input from the installation “Operation” momentary-

action switch to control the radio mute state.

See "Single/Dual Button" Operation notes.

DATA IN

Data from the configuring PC to the

module is input here.

* PTT IN

Input from the Mic. or peripheral PTT line.

The CM1481 controls the radio Tx function via

Tx On.

6

7

SIGNAL IN

ALERT

Input for received Selcall tones from the radio

demodulator prior to squelch circuitry.

Audible alerts output. Introduce into the radio's Rx

audio stage with due regard to any audio powersave

functions.Thisoutputcandrivealoudspeakerdirectly.

8

9

* LED

Output drive to an LED indicator.

Connect an LED between this pin and GND.

DATA OUT Data from the module to the

configuring PC is output here.

TONE OUT

Selcall tone output. Introduce this output into the

radio Tx Audio path.

10 * MUTE CTRL

Connect to radio Rx Squelch circuitry so that when

this output is active Rx Audio is muted.

11

12

13

* Tx ON

GND

Tx PTT Drive. When active this output will key the Tx.

Signal Ground (-)

V IN

Positive Supply Voltage (+)

AUDIO SWITCH An on-board (Audio Signalling Processor) all-audio switch-path, accessible via on-board

solder-pads. This switch operates in co-ordination with the QUIET/OPEN function for use with all audio

signals. When 'Quiet' the switch is OFF, when 'Open' the switch is ON.

Table 1 CM1481 Radio Interface Functions

The position of Pin 1 is identified on Figure 4 (PCB Layout).

5

CM1481 PCB Layout

J1/1

J1/13

Note the position of the

on-board LINK on the

underside of the printed

circuit board.

U1

If Alert Levels are to be

fed to an external audio

amplifier it is

recommended that the

LINK is removed so

that the ALERT output

can drive a high

X1

impedance stage.

LINK IN will drive an

external loudspeaker.

LINK OUT will drive an

external amplifier

+

U3

U4

U2

IN

OUT -AUDIO SWITCH

CM1481 Top View

Fig.4 PCB Layout

CM1481 Underside View

Component Value

U₁

U₂

U₃

U₄

T₁

T₂

T₃

R₁

R₂

R₃

R₄

R₅

68HC705C8

FX803LS

93CO6

R₆

10.0kΩ

330Ω

R₂₀

R₂₁

R₂₂

R₂₃

R₂₄

R₂₅

R₂₆

R₂₇

R₂₈

R₂₉

R₃₀

R₃₁

C₁

47.0kΩ

470kΩ

10.0kΩ

22.0Ω

2.0kΩ

C₃

0.1µF

R₇

C₄

R₈

C₅

not used

0.1µF

LM2931-5

BCX19

R₉

47.0kΩ

2.2MΩ

not used

100kΩ

47.0kΩ

10.0kΩ

470kΩ

C₆

R₁₀

R₁₁

R₁₂

R₁₃

R₁₄

R₁₅

R₁₆

R₁₇

R₁₈

R₁₉

C₇

not used

22.0pF

not used

22.0µF

0.1µF

BCX19

C₈

BSR41

C₉

4.7MΩ

C₁₀

C₁₁

C₁₂

C₁₃

C₁₄

C₁₅

X₁

100kΩ

LINK

not used

10.0kΩ

100kΩ

Note 1

39.0pF

22.0pF

0.1µF

10.0kΩ

0.1µF

Table 2 Components List

C₂

4.0MHz

Notes

1. Pads are made available on the CM1481 PCB for resistors R₃₀and R₃₁(not installed on this version) for future

hardware upgrades.

2. The pads to the audio switch are available for use with system audio. This switch operates in conjunction with the

Quiet/Open function. Refer to Radio Interface pin functions.

7

Configuration

Module Configuration

The operating parameters and functions of the CM1481 are programmed to the module (in its CONFIG mode) via

the Configuration Interface Connector from a PC running CML Configuration software.

The CM1481 is supplied, initially, configured to the DEFAULT settings as shown in the example menu below.

Over Air Re-Configuration will enable the changing of the following:

Tx Address

Transpond Mode

Rx Address

ANI Address

Transpond Address

ANI Mode

To make changes to any other parameters a base-conducted configuration operation must be carried out.

The following pages and diagrams describe the Configuration operation.

Configuration Interface Connector

Illustrated below is the termination information for the construction of the Configuration Interface Connector.

13-Way SIL

CM1481 Connector

25-Way “D”

PC Printer Port

Configuration

Function

J1 - 13

J1 - 12

J1 - 8

J1 - 4

J1 - 3

J1 - 1

-

+ve Supply Input

GND

to

-

LPT1 - 18*

LPT1 - 13

LPT1 - 2

Data Out

Data In

LPT1 - 1

Clock

LPT1 - 19*

LPT1 - 20*

Config

GND (0V Supply)

Table 3 Configuration Interface Connector - Terminations

* Pins LPT1 -18, -19 and -20 are connected to GND inside the PC.

8

Configuration ......

Configuration Instructions

The CM1481 is configured using a PC running simple CM1481 menu-driven software via the Configuration

Interface Connector between the PC Printer Port (LPT1) and the CM1481 Connector (J1).

Using the menu, configuration parameters are defined in the PC and then written to the module.

When configured the module will retain these parameters until re-configured by either: (a) Over-Air

Re-Configuration, or (b) complete PC repeat configuration. A power supply of the relevant value is introduced via

the Configuration Interface Connector for module power during configuration (see Table 3).

The previous page details the construction and connections of the Configuration Interface Connector and

shows an example screen of the DEFAULT software menu.

Preparation and Configuration

1. With no power applied connect the CM1481 (J1) to the PC Printer Port (LPT1) via the configuration

Interface Connector.

2. Start the computer.

- CM1481 Configuration software will run under MS DOS versions: 3.2, 3.3, 4.01, and 5.0 -

3. With the CM1481 Configuration program disk inserted in the floppy drive, type : <(Drive): CM1481.EXE>

4. The CM1481 Configuration Main Menu will be displayed.

Follow the initial instructions.

5. Provide power to the module via the Configuration Interface Connector.

6. With reference to the function keys at the bottom edge of the screen ---

<EXIT> Exits the Configuration program and returns the user to the DOS prompt.

<EDIT> Enters ‘Configuration-Edit’ mode to change parameter/function set-ups.

<UP, DOWN> Moves a highlighting cursor to the required parameter.

<LEFT, RIGHT> Decreases or increases the chosen parameter value.

<CHANGE ADDRESS> When the cursor is placed within an address field, the <CHANGE

ADDRESS> function may be activated; this will allow the address to be entered as one entity.

<EXIT to PREVIOUS SCREEN> Returns to the previous screen.

<LOAD> loads a previously saved set-up file.

<SAVE> saves the current set-up file.

<READ> reads the set-up information from the module.

<WRITE> writes the selected set-up file to the module. This will overwrite any resident information.

<VERIFY> A comparison of the screen setup and the written setup.

<REVISION> reads the current firmware (CM1481 on-board software status) from module.

7. When the <WRITE> command is completed powerdown the module.

With power removed from the radio, reconnect the Radio Interface.

8. To configure another CM1481 module, remove the power from the module.

Remove the current module from the Configuration Interface Connector.

Connect the new module and continue from Step 5 (above).

9. CONFIGURATION COMPLETE.

9

CM1481 - Configuration Menu

The table below indicates the functions of the CM1481 and the options that may be achieved via software

configuration. Details in BOLD TYPE indicate DEFAULT settings.

CM1481 CONFIGURATION PROGRAM

Function

Default

0 1 2 3 4

6 7 8 9 0

2 1 0 1 8

6 5 4 3 2

ZVEI1

70ms

100ms

200ms

OFF

Options

Transmit Address:

Receive Address:

Transpond Address:

ANI Address:

5 OR (6)

VALID ADDRESS TONES

Toneset:

CCIR EEA ZVEI1 ZVEI2 ZVEI3 PZVEI

30 to 150ms in 10ms steps

20 to 300ms in 20ms steps

OFF, 0 to 2550ms in 10ms steps

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F

0 to 15 in steps of 1

OFF, 10 to 248secs in 1sec steps

1 to 255 in steps of 1

OFF, 1 to 255secs in 1sec steps

Yes or No

Tone Length:

N^OTONETimer:

Lead-In Delay:

Lead-In Tone Length:

Lead-In Tone Digit:

Number of Called Alerts:

PTT Time-Out:

0

15

OFF

Pseudo Iterations:

Timed Mute Reset:

Extended Data Tone (Tx):

Call When Quiet:

Radio “Stunned”:

Operation:

32

OFF

No

Yes or No

No

Yes or No

Single

Quiet

OFF

Single or Dual -Button

Quiet or Open

Start-Up State:

ANI Mode:

OFF, Lead, Trail or Lead & Trail (both)

OFF, Address or Beep

5 or 6

Transpond Mode:

Tones per Address:

Lead-In Gap:

OFF

5

No

Yes or No

Over-Air Functions:

Extended Group Tone (Tx):

Open Mode:

Disabled

No

Disabled or Enabled

Yes or No

Unmute

OFF

Unmute or Transparent

On or OFF

LED Call Memory:

Beep Mute State:

Unmute

Mute

PTT In:

PTT Out:

Busy:

Active- LOW

HIGH or LOW

Active- LOW

Active- HIGH

Active- LOW

HIGH or LOW

Mute:

LOW or LOW

LED:

LOW or LOW

Quiet/Open:

Call:

HIGH or LOW

Table 4 Configuration Options

Further information on CM1481 functions is given in the Functional Descriptions section of this

manual.

CM1481ConfigurationSoftware,Modulefirmwareanddocumentationprovidedaresupplied‘asis’. UnderthisconditionCMLmakes

nowarranty,expressorimplied,ofthesaleabilityofthismediaoritsfitnessforaparticularpurpose.Undernocircumstanceswhatsoever

will CML be liable for ANY damage, loss of profits, or any consequential loss arising from the use of this media, even if CMLhas been

advised of the possibility of such loss. CML does not assume any responsibility for the use of any of the circuitry described.No circuit

patent licences are implied and CML reserves the right at any time without notice to change the said circuitry.

10

Configuration ......

Error and Status Messages

Error and/or Status Messages as described below will appear on-screen, in the area above the Function Key

menu, during the operation of the Configuration Software.

Checking Module Communications:

Error in Module Communications:

A READ/WRITE/READ/WRITE action to confirm

communications between the PC and the Module.

Problems encountered when communication attempted with

module. Check for correct connections and power supply.

Writing Module Setup:

Error in Writing to File:

WRITING to the Module.

Cannot write due to insufficient disk space, Write Protect,

Read Only, etc. ......

Verifying Module Setup:

Setup not Verified:

Comparing the WRITTEN setup with the screen version.

A comparison of the screen setup and the module written

setup have produced a disparity. Use a <READ> command to

check the setup.

Verify OK:

The current screen setup has been WRITTEN then READ;

versions are the same.

Writing Complete And Verified:

Reading Module Setup:

Successful WRITE action.

READING the configured module setup to the screen.

File name not recognized or located.

Error in Opening File:

Error in Reading from File:

Reading Complete:

File open but cannot be READ from.

READ action successful.

Reading Firmware Information:

Firmware Information Recovered:

Incorrect Address Length:

Invalid Address Characters:

Invalid Module Setup:

READING ‘version’ information to the screen.

Firmware information displayed is correct.

Too few elements in the setup. Re-enter the correct address.

Invalid characters used in setup. Re-enter the correct address.

[WRITE current setup to module first]: The parameters

entered will not produce a valid Selcall setup. The screen will

revert to the previous setup; this must be written to the module

before continuing.

Error Messages will FLASH on the screen and are cancelled by using the relevant Function Key.

Status Messages indicate operational progress and remain steady on the screen during the action that they refer

to.

11

FunctionalDescriptions

Receive Call

Individual Selcall Receive Sequence

Operation

i

If Transpond configured the unit transponds

Unit’s Rx Selcall Address is decoded

ii Audio Open; "Open" Alert is output

iii "Call Received" Alert is output; LED output is pulsed

i

Alert beeps stop

Alert cancelled by ’blip’ of PTT, Call

or Quiet/Open buttons, or Time-Out

Conversation takes place; Conversation complete

i Unit "Closed" Alert is output. Radio is Closed.

Radio is muted by: push-button/Timed Mute Reset

/Remote Reset

GROUP Selcall Receive Sequence

i

No transpond can take place for a GROUP-Call

A GROUP-call with the unit’s Rx Selcall

Address is decoded

ii "GROUP-Call" Alert is output; this alert is self cancelling

The calling party transmits the message/s

he CM1481 can only reply to an originator whose Tx Address is

configured, and not to the other GROUP members Conversation complete.

T

-

i Unit "Closed" Alert is output. Radio is Closed.

Radio is Closed by: push-button/Timed Mute Reset

/Remote Reset

Fig.5 Rx Call Operation

Transmit Call

Operation

Normall Selcall Transmit Sequence

i

Unit "Open" Alert is output.

Unmute the radio by push-button operation -

(see Single/DualButton operation)

- or employ ’Muted Call’ initiation Method

ii Radio squelch circuitry released to normal operation

Monitor the channel.

i

"Call Transmitted" Alert is output

Transmit the (Tx Address) Selcall by push-button

operation

Note that if the BUSY input is active, a call

cannot be transmitted (PTT Lockout)

ii Tx ON is active; the Selcall is output at TONE OUT

A

B

If the system is ’No Transpond’, when the called station’s reply is received the converstaion may continue.

If the system is ’Transpond’, await the transpond action then conversation may continue.

i

PTT Timer started

Conversation complete

i Unit "Closed" Alert is output. Radio is Closed.

Start Conversation

Radio is Closed by: push-button/Timed Mute Reset

/Remote Reset

Fig.6 Tx Call Operation

A polarity programmable LED drive output is available if a visual indication of a received

Selcall is required. It is recommended that, under LED conditions, this output is configured

as an “active high” and an external LED is connected directly to GND (0V).

With due regard to the specified current limits, this output may be used to activate mobile

horn-honk/indicator driver circuits.

LED Drive

If the ‘Selcall Received Alert’ has been activated but not cancelled, the module can be

configured so as to leave the LED illuminated as a Call Memory.

The use of any push-button function will cancel this LED action.

LED Call

Memory

Configured as LED Call Memory:

12

Functional Descriptions ......

The CM1481 will provide 'alert' output signals to be used in an audio system to indicate

and highlight certain operations; these are described below.

Audio Alerts

The alert output signal takes the form of a square-wave at the frequencies and durations

described.

It is recommended that the Alert output is introduced to the receiver audio amplifier stages

after the squelch gate and with due regard to any audio powersave functions.

To facilitate either loudspeaker or amplifier operation, a removable LINK is provided on the

CM1481 PCB. To drive a loudspeaker, leave the LINK in place. To interface with an

external amplifier, remove the LINK (see PCB Layout, Figure 4).

Cause of Alert

Alert Description

Frequencies

Entering ‘Quiet’ condition Short duration low-pitch beep

Entering ‘Open’ condition Short duration high-pitch beep

1 x 200ms at 250Hz

1 x 200ms at 1kHz

Selcall Received

A train of rapid mid-pitch beeps

(‘n’ configured as “Called Alerts”)

cancelled by a PTT, CALL or QUIET/OPEN action ‘n’ x 200ms at 1.25kHz

[+ activation of LED output.] See LED Call Memory

GROUP Call received

Selcal transmitted

3 short duration mid-pitch beeps

Short duration mid-pitch beep

Short duration high-pitch beep

Continuous low-pitch tone

3 x 200ms at 750Hz

1 x 100ms at 500Hz

1 x 100ms at 1.5kHz

347Hz

Tx Time-out warning

PTT action disabled

CALL action disabled

Continuous low-pitch tone

347Hz

Table 5 Audio Alert Descriptions

An internal operation carried out by the CM1481 that will prevent the Tx On line being

placed in an active condition irrespective of the state of the PTT In input.

PTT Lockout

Conditions that cause a PTT Lockout are:

•

An active ‘BUSY’ input.

The CM1481 in the ‘Quiet’ (muted) condition.

PTT Timeout expired and not reset.

If in any tone sequence (address or data) one tone character is identical to the preceding

one, to prevent confusion at the decoder a REPEAT-tone (‘E’) must be transmitted in its

place.

Automatic

REPEAT-

Tone

At configuration the CM1481 addresses are entered using the code characters ‘0’ thro ‘A’

and identical characters entered as required.

The PC software then processes the address inserting REPEAT-tones as necessary

before writing the information to the module. The REPEAT-tone must not be used as the

first character of a sequence; Address/Data tones received by the CM1481 must conform

to the REPEAT-tone rule for complete decode accuracy.

Example:

Required Sequence

Transmitted Sequence

1 2 3 3 5

1 2 3 E 5

When configured this function will automatically close (re-mute) the CM1481, if in the Open

mode, after the configured time-period of inactivity.

Timed Mute

Reset

Configured as Timed Mute Reset:

13

Functional Descriptions ......

The CM1481 can be configured to one of two modes of user control.

Single or

Dual Button

Operation

Dual Button mode. The ‘Quiet/Open’ switch toggles the ‘Quiet/Open’ (mute) function; the

‘Tx Call’ switch initiates a Selcall ‘Tx Call’.

If it is required to operate in a unit with no local means of ‘Quiet/Open’ operation, this

dual-button mode should be configured but the ‘Quiet/Open’ input not connected

internally.

Single Button mode. A single switch (push-button) connected to either ‘Quiet/Open’ or

‘Tx Call’ inputs controls both Mute and Selcall operations.

A “press” of less than 1-second will toggle the ‘Quiet/Open’ condition; a “press” of more

than 1-second will initiate a Selcall.

Both inputs can be configured to active “High” or “Low” polarities; with reference to the

CM1481, both inputs are connected, on-board, to the positive supply rail (V_DD) via 47kΩ

pullup resistors.

For an active “Low” input, the switches should be connected directly to 0V (GND).

For an active “High” requirement, the on-board pullup resistors must be considered.

Configured as Operation:

+ve

supply rail

Quiet/Open

Tx Call

pullup resistors

Fig.7 Operating Button Connections

Each unit is assigned a unique ANI code which enables identification of a transmission. In

the CM1481 this code is programmable, both by initial configuration and by over-air

re-configuration, as the ANI address.

Automatic

Number

Identification

(ANI)

When enabled the ANI code is transmitted at the beginning (leading) and/or the end

(trailing) of a transmission. In the CM1481 the ANI operation is selectable by configuration

to either OFF, Lead, Trail, or Lead and Trail.

If the PTT Time-Out function is activated, a trailing ANI (if configured) is transmitted

before shut-down.

Configured as ANI Mode: and ANI Address:

Mic key reset; signifying

end of conversation

PTT In

(active "low")

Tx remains keyed

for ANI period

Tx ON

(active "low")

Tone Out

Leading

ANI

Trailing

ANI

Fig.8 ANI Functional Diagram

14

Functional Descriptions ......

The following input and output activation polarities may be set at configuration.

Input/Output

Polarities

Function

PTT In

Tx On

Notes

Input

On-Board State

Connected To

Pullup to V_DD

- the microphone end of the radio PTT line

- the PTT line to the Tx circuitry

- Rx carrier detect circuitry

Output

Input

Busy

Pullup to V_DD

Mute Ctrl

LED

Output

Input

- to operate the radio squelch gate

- to drive an LED to provide a visual alert

- to control the radio mute state

- Selcall initiation

Quiet/Open

Tx Call

Pullup to V_DD

Input

Table 6 Input/Output Programmable Polarities

To prevent nuisance and to regulate transmissions to a reasonable period, the PTT

Timeout function will disable all PTT Tx functions after a pre-determined (configured) time

period.

Tx Timeout

and

Warning

When the PTT is activated the PTT Timer will run for the configured interval giving an

Audible Warning 6-seconds before the timeout. If the PTT is still active 6-seconds after

the warning the transmission will be aborted at that time and all PTT functions completely

disabled for a short period (6-seconds) to enable other users the opportunity to enter the

channel.

Although not recommended, if the the PTT is released and re-keyed frequently before the

PTT Timeout Warning, the PTT Timer will be reset and the Tx Timeout will not be

activated

Under Tx Timeout conditions, the PTT must be released and will not be re-enabled for a

predetermined period. The PTT Timeout period can be configured to OFF.

Configured as PTT Time-Out:

A configurable function incorporated to indicate the end of a tone or tone sequence to the

on-board µController. For optimum CM1481 performance it is recommended that this

function be set to approximately 1.5 times the selected Tone Length.

N^OTONETimer

Configured as NOTONE Timer:

Recommended NOTONES

Toneset

EEA

Tone Length

40ms

NOTONE Period

60ms

CCIR

ZVEI

100ms

160ms

70ms

100ms

In reply to a Selcall the CM1481 can be configured to respond by transmitting either its

Transpond Address (Tp) or a BEEP (tone F). This function can be re-configured over-air.

Transpond-

ing

Configured as Transpond Mode: and Transpond Address:

15

FunctionalDescriptions

A configurable delay period between the operation of the PTT and the Selcall Tone output

from the module. This function is available to allow sufficient time for the transmitter to

stabilize before modulation.

Lead-In

Delay

Configured as Lead-In Delay:

Lead-In Delay

PTT Out

(active "low")

Lead-In

Delay

Tone Out

Selcall Tones

Lead-In Tone with No Gap

Tone Out

Lead-In

Tone

Selcall

Tones

Lead-In Tone with Gap -- the gap is 1 tone-length

Tone Out

Lead-In

Tone

Selcall

Tones

Fig.9 Lead-In Tone and Delay

To operate on and gain access to, repeater systems the Selcall address output of the

module can be preceded by an extended tone. At configuration the tone operation, fre-

quency and length can be set; if required a single Selcall tone-period gap between the

lead-In tone and the Selcall address may be set.

Lead-In Tone

Configured as Lead-In Tone Length:, Lead-In Tone Digit: and Lead-In Gap:

The CM1481 has two audio operational modes - ‘Quiet and Open’.

Quiet/Open

Modes

Quiet/Open operations are initiated by:

(i) Pressing the Quiet/Open button (Dual Button operation) or a short press of the

Operate button (Single Button operation).

Quiet operations are initiated by:

(i) A Timed Mute Reset operation.

(ii) A Remote Reset command received.

Quiet

The radio Rx audio is muted.

PTT (Tx) action is disabled.

Selcalling can either be disabled or enabled via initial configuration. There are no operational

alerts except for PTT and Call Action Disabled or Selcall Transmitted (if configured).

Open

Open modes can be configured to either Unmuted or Transparent states.

If called in an “Open” mode received Selcall tones will be output at the loudspeaker.

Configured as Open Mode:

Unmuted:

The radio is unmuted (MUTE CTRL inactive) and the loudspeaker (hash) is enabled. All

functions are enabled and operate as configured.

Transparent:

The radio audio circuits act as if squelched; Audio output is dependant upon the presence

of an RF carrier (BUSY input). MUTE CTRL is only inactive if the BUSY input is active.

16

FunctionalDescriptions

It is possible for the CM1481 to be embodied within a radio that has no local means of

‘Muted’ Call

Initiation

Quiet/Open control; the CM1481 will be configured to Dual button operation but the Quiet/

Open input not used. Such a system will require the base station to operate its mute

system and open the squelch or re-mute with a Remote Reset command.

In a radio that has no local means of opening its mute function, the operator must initiate a

Selcall to the base; PTT Lockout will prevent any illegal voice transmission.

The base must be so configured as to contact the CM1481 fitted radio and lift the mute

function (and therefore allow normal operation) by replying with the unit's Receive Address.

Reception of its receive address Selcall will cause an alert beep sequence at the CM1481;

operation of the PTT will halt the alert and unmute the radio; normal operation may take

place.

Upon completion of the conversation the unit's operation will be reset (muted) by the base

with a Remote Reset command.

Configured as Call When Quiet:

The CM1481 can be configured to assume one of two mutes conditions upon power-up.

Quiet -- The audio output is muted; a Quiet/Open operation is required to monitor

channel activity.

Power-Up

'Quiet'/'Open'

Open -- The audio output is active; the channel can be monitored to ascertain activity

and correct operation.

Configured as Start-Up State:

(a) Remote Reset

(b) ‘Re-Configuration’

(c) ‘Stun’

(d) ‘Release’

Over-Air

Functions

The above operations may be carried out from a suitably configured remote station (the

controlling base) to:

(a) Mute a Radio:

Using a “C” or “D” tone appended to the units Rx Selcall address. See Figure 13.

(b) ‘Re-Configure’ the following parameters:

Tx Address

ANI Address

Rx Address

ANI Mode

Transpond Address

Transpond Mode

(c) ‘Stun’ a Radio:

To completely disable a CM1481 fitted radio unit.

Rx audio is permanently muted; PTT line is disabled; Selcall transmission is inhibited.

(d) ‘Release’ a Radio:

To release the CM1481 fitted radio from the ‘Stun’ mode and allow normal operation.

Over-Air function operation is enabled and disabled at Configuration as Over-Air Function:

17

Functional Descriptions ......

To prevent unauthorised or ‘accidental’ over-air operations, items (b), (c) and (d), described

Security

Checks

on the previous page are carried out using a secure authentication protocol based upon the

synchronization of two pseudo-random number generators, one in the base, one in the

CM1481 unit. Figure 10 shows an operational security transaction.

BASE transmits

Over-Air Request

1

BASE transmits

SEED for Security Check

2

Generates KEY

BASE uses SEED

Security Check is allowed 15secs

to generate KEY

KEY comparison

Correct comparison

= Action Complete

3

Transmits KEY

4

Transmits Comfirmation

BASE

Fig.10 An Over-Air Security Transaction

CM1481

On reception of an over-air request [1] the CM1481 will produce, and transmit, a random

SEED (random number) [2] which will set the start-count position for both pseudo-random

generators; under the control of the configured “Iterations” parameter both generators will

produce the KEY.

Over-Air

Functions

Correct KEY comparison will allow the over-air operation to be completed and confirmed

[3].

Each over-air operation requires its Security Check to be completed within a preset time

period of 15 seconds.

Failure to complete the transaction in the pre-determined time or an incorrect KEY

comparison will result in the cancellation and failure of the relevant operation.

Due to the covert manner of this operation the CM1481 will not produce an “OPEN” or

“Selcall Received” alert during these transactions.

Neither ANI or Transpond functions are available during Over-Air operations.

18

Functional Descriptions ......

Figure 11 (below) shows, in diagrammatic form, the sequence of tones for an Over-Air

Re-Configuration of the Tx Address between the controlling base station and the CM1481.

Example

Over-Air

Transactions

Figure 13 shows the complete range of tone sequences to be used with the CM1481. For

Over-Air transactions follow the steps illustrated in Figure 11 substituting the required

action in STEP 1 with the required request and confirmation from Figure 13. Note the use

of the Data Prefix tone “B” in the data field; all operations must conform to the HSC

Operational Rules which are described on the following pages.

STEP 1

Over-Air Re-Configuration Request (Tx Address)

Rx Address Tones

-

from base

New Tx Address Tones

+ Data Prefix

4

0

B

Data

Prefix

Tone 1 Tone 2 Tone 3 Tone 4 Tone 5

Tone 1 Tone 2

Tone 3 Tone 4 Tone 5

STEP 2

STEP 3

STEP 4

Security Check (SEED)

Old Tx Address Tones

-

from CM1481

SEED Tones

s1, s2, s3

s1

s3

2

s2

Security Reply (KEY)

Rx Address Tones

-

from base

KEY Tones

k1, k2, k3

k1

from CM1481

k3

3

k2

B

Configuration Confirm

New Tx Address Tones

8

B

Fig.11 Example Over-Air Re-Configuration Tone Transaction

The figure below shows the pseudo-random number generation in diagrammatic form.

The base unit controller's software and circuitry will require to emulate this function.

Pseudo-

Random

Number

The SEED is a random 8-bit number produced by the CM1481. The SEED is loaded into

the register and shifted right by the amount of steps configured as: Pseudo Iterations.

Note the Exclusive-OR functions.

Information

The result is the KEY.

s1/k1

s2/k2

s3/k3

Parallel "SEED"

/

Parallel "KEY"

7

MSB

6

5

4

3

2

1

0 LSB

Feedback

Ex-OR

Register Shifted Right 1 Step per Configured Iteration-Step

Fig.12 An 8-Stage Pseudo-Random Counter Employing Exclusive-OR Feedback

19

Functional Descriptions ......

Over-Air Tone Information

Over-Air Re-Configuration Request (Rx Address)

Rx Address Tones

-

from base

New Rx Address Tones

+ Data Prefix

4

1

B

Tone 1 Tone 2 Tone 3 Tone 4 Tone 5

Tone 1 Tone 2

Tone 3 Tone 4 Tone 5

Data

Prefix

Over-Air Re-Configuration Request (Transpond [Tp] Address)

Rx Address Tones

-

from base

New Tp Address Tones

+ Data Prefix

4

2

B

Over-Air Re-Configuration Request (ANI Address)

Rx Address Tones

-

from base

New ANI Address Tones

+ Data Prefix

4

3

B

Over-Air Re-Configuration Request (Transpond [Tp] Mode)

Rx Address Tones

-

from base

=

0

1

2

3

=

OFF

m

Tp Address

Reserved

BEEP

4

1

4

m

B

Over-Air Re-Configuration Request (ANI Mode)

Rx Address Tones

-

from base

=

0

1

2

3

=

OFF

m

Leading

5

m

B

Trailing

Leading & Trailing

Over-Air STUN Request

-

from base

FUNCTION Tones

Rx Address Tones

Reserved

0

STUN Request

Security Check

Security Reply

B

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Over-Air STUN Confirm

-

from CM1481

B

CONFIGURE Request

RELEASE Request

STUN Confirm

Tx Address Tones

6

5

RELEASE Confirm

CONFIGURE Confirm

Over-Air RELEASE Request

Rx Address Tones

-

from base

B

Reserved

9, A, B, C, D, F,

PARAMETER Tones

Tx Address

0

Over-Air RELEASE Confirm

Tx Address Tones

-

from CM1481

Rx Address

1

Transpond (Tp) Address

ANI Address

2

3

4

5

7

B

Transpond (Tp) Mode

ANI Mode

Remote Reset

-

from base

Rx Address Tones

Reserved

6, 7, 8, 9

C

Reserved

D

A, B, C, D, F

Fig.13 Tone Sequence Information

20

Functional Descriptions ......

An in-band audio signalling system used for the communication of Address and Data

information using sequential tone signalling.

Sequential tone signalling has been adopted to national and international standard tonesets.

The CM1481 will operate to any one of the following tonesets in both frequency and tone-

length. The required toneset is selected at initial configuration from the selection shown below.

HSC

Hexadecimal

Sequential

Code

Tone No

(Hex)

EEA

CCIR

ZVEI 1

PZVEI

ZVEI 2

ZVEI 3

\DZVEI

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

C

D

E

F

1981

1124

1197

1275

1358

1446

1540

1640

1747

1860

1055

930

1981

1124

1197

1275

1358

1446

1540

1640

1747

1860

2400

930

2400

1060

1160

1270

1400

1530

1670

1830

2000

2200

2800

810

2400

1060

1160

1270

1400

1530

1670

1830

2000

2200

970

2400

1060

1160

1270

1400

1530

1670

1830

2000

2200

885

2200

970

1060

1160

1270

1400

1530

1670

1830

2000

825

810

740

2247

991

2247

991

970

2800

885

740

2600

885

680

2110

2400

2110

1055

2600

680

2600

680

970

2400

680

2600

Table 7 Tone Frequencies (in Hz)

To ensure all-system compatibility, the CM1481 has been designed to operate to the

following rules.

Operational

Rules

Base and other units working with the CM1481 must conform to these rules.

1 All calls, commands and interrogations to, and calls from, the CM1481 are prefixed

with a 5 (or 6)-tone HSC format Selcall Address.

2 Full international group-calling is possible to more than one user group via GROUP

and REPEAT tones.

3 A DATA FUNCTION tone “B” is appended after the Selcall address. No more than 4

adjacent DATA tones are allowed; if more than 4 are required, a DATA FUNCTION

tone should be inserted after every fourth DATA tone.

4 The DATA FUNCTION tone may be lengthened to twice the chosen toneset length

under the control of the Extended Data Tone command at initial configuration.

5 If in any tone sequence (address or data) one tone character is identical to the

preceding one, to prevent confusion at the decoder a REPEAT-tone [‘E’] must be

transmitted in its place.

21

Functional Descriptions ......

Tone

Allocations

Character

0 thro' 9

Function

Decimal digits in the address or data fields.

A

B

C

D

E

F

GROUP character in the address field or ”A_HEX” in the data field.

Data prefix tone or “B_HEX” in the data field.

REMOTE RESET character address code suffix or “C_HEX” in the data field

REMOTE RESET character address code suffix or “D_HEX” in the data field

REPEAT character

“F_HEX” in the data field

Table 8 Tone Allocations

The international standard for calling a specific group of units by inserting the GROUP-

Tone (‘A’) into a Selcall.

The GROUP-Tone (‘A’) represents all tone digits from 0 to 9. Any character in the Selcall

address can be replaced by a GROUP-Tone (‘A’); a second consecutive GROUP-Tone

should be replaced by a REPEAT-Tone. The flexibility of placing GROUP-Tones within a

Selcall Address allows more user-groups to be set-up.

International

GROUP

CALL

Example:

Address Sequence

Addressed Units

1 2 3 4 A

1 2 A 4 5

1 A 3 4 A

1 2 A E A

1 2 3 4 0 to 1 2 3 4 9

1 2 0 4 5 to 1 2 9 4 5

1 0 3 4 0 to 1 9 3 4 9

1 2 0 0 0 to 1 2 9 9 9

To provide compatibility with Selcall systems where the only characters permitted to

follow a GROUP-Tone (‘A’) in a sequence are other GROUP- or REPEAT-Tones.

Under this protocol, the first GROUP-Tone is extended to 3 times the normal system

length.

To transmit to such a system as opposed to an International system, the Extended

GROUP-Tone (Tx) option must be selected at initial configuration. This method restricts

the number of Groups available.

Non-

International

GROUP

CALL

Example:

Address Sequence

Addressed Units

1 2 3 4 A

1 2 3 A E

1 2 A E A

1 A E A E

A E A E A

1 2 3 4 0 to 1 2 3 4 9

1 2 3 0 0 to 1 2 3 9 9

1 2 0 0 0 to 1 2 9 9 9

1 0 0 0 0 to 1 9 9 9 9

0 0 0 0 0 to 9 9 9 9 9

The CM1481 is able to transmit and respond to both International and Non-International

GROUP-Calls.

The Transpond facility (Tp) is not available for GROUP-Calls.

The GROUP-Call character can be configured into any address set-up.

22

Specification

Absolute Maximum Ratings

Exceeding the maximum rating can result in module damage. Operation of the module outside the operating limits

is not implied.

Supply voltage

6.0V to 26.0V

Operating temperature range: CM1481

0°C to +70°C

Storage temperature range:

CM1481

-20°C to +85°C

Operating Limits

All module characteristics are measured under the following conditions unless otherwise specified:

V_IN= 6.0V to 12.0V, T_OP= 0°C to +70°C.

Characteristics

See Note

Min.

Typ.

Max.

Unit

Supply Voltage (V_IN)

Operating Current (Tx/Rx)

Standby Current

LED Drive Current

Current Limits (PTT and Mute O/Ps)

Input Sensitivity

6.0

-

26.0

-

15.0

50.0

-

±0.1

-

V

mA

mVrms

%

9.5

2.5

-

308

-

250

7

1

2

-

31.0

Tone Out Level

-

Tone Out Accuracy

Alert-Tone Output Level

Tone Decode Bandwidths

CCIR

EEA

ZVEI

Signal -to-Noise Performance

Logic “1” In

Logic “0” In

mV p - p

-

3.5

0

±2.30

±3.80

100

-

% fc (Hz)

3

6

%

V

13.8

1.0

LED Logic “1” Out

LED Logic “0” Out

Audio Switch Signal

Alert Output Impedance

4.2

-

V

-

0.4

5.0

-

V p - p

Ω

4

5

140

100

20.0

10.0

-

kΩ

MΩ

kΩ

kHz

MHz

Signal Input Impedance

Signal Output Impedance

Configuration Clock Rate

On-Board Xtal Frequency

1.0

-

4.0

Notes

1

Under pure-tone conditions.

2. The ‘Alert’ square-wave driving an 8Ω load with on-board LINK in position (see Figure 4).

3. At -4.0dBs S/N (using a 100ms CCIR signal at 248 mVrms).

4. With on-board LINK in position.

5. With on-board LINK removed.

6. PTT, CALL, QUIET/OPEN, BUSY, CONFIG. Inputs.

7. The standy condition is when the CM1481 is in the Quiet mode.

23

Ordering Information

CM1481

CK1481

Non-Predictive Selcall Module

[Module + Radio Interface]

Configuration Kit

[Configuration Interface Connector

+ Software {5¹/₄& 3¹/₂" disks} ]

CML does not assume any responsibility for the use of any circuitry described. No circuit patent licences are implied

and CML reserves the right at any time without notice to change the said circuitry.

CONSUMER MICROCIRCUITS LIMITED

WITHAM - ESSEX CM8 3TD - ENGLAND

Telephone:(0376)513833

Telex: 99382 CMICRO G

Telefax:(0376)518247

1 WHEATON ROAD


型号：	CK1481
厂家：	CML MICROCIRCUITS
描述：	Non-Predictive Selcall Module 非预测选呼模块
文件：	总24页 (文件大小：164K)
中文：	中文翻译
下载：	下载PDF数据表文档文件

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