ADS1250U [BB]

20-Bit Data Acquisition System ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER; 20位数据采集系统的模拟数字转换器
ADS1250U
型号: ADS1250U
厂家: BURR-BROWN CORPORATION    BURR-BROWN CORPORATION
描述:

20-Bit Data Acquisition System ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER
20位数据采集系统的模拟数字转换器

转换器 模数转换器 光电二极管
文件: 总20页 (文件大小:197K)
中文:  中文翻译
下载:  下载PDF数据表文档文件
®
ADS1250  
ADS1250  
For most current data sheet and other product  
information, visit www.burr-brown.com  
20-Bit Data Acquisition System  
ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER  
DESCRIPTION  
FEATURES  
The ADS1250 is a precision, wide dynamic range,  
delta-sigma, analog-to-digital converter with 20-bit  
resolution operating from a single +5V supply. The  
delta-sigma architecture is used for wide dynamic  
range and to guarantee 20 bits of no missing code  
performance. An effective resolution of 18 bits (2.8ppm  
of rms noise) is achieved for conversion rates up to  
25kHz. The dynamic range of the converter is further  
increased by providing a low-noise Programmable  
Gain Amplifier (PGA) with gain stages of 1, 2, 4, or  
8 for low level input signals.  
20 BITS NO MISSING CODES  
18 BITS EFFECTIVE RESOLUTION UP TO  
25kHz DATA RATE  
LOW NOISE: 2.8ppm at PGA = 1  
DIFFERENTIAL INPUTS  
INL: 0.002% (MAX)  
PROGRAMMABLE FULL SCALE  
I/O CONTROLLED PGA: 1, 2, 4, 8  
EXTERNAL REFERENCE  
The ADS1250 is designed for high-resolution mea-  
surement applications in cardiac diagnostics, smart  
transmitters, industrial process control, weigh scales,  
chromatography and portable instrumentation. The  
converter includes a flexible synchronous serial inter-  
face and offers a three-wire control mode for low-cost  
isolation.  
APPLICATIONS  
CARDIAC DIAGNOSTICS  
DIRECT THERMOCOUPLE INTERFACE  
BLOOD ANALYSIS  
The ADS1250 is a single-channel converter and is  
offered in an SOL-16 package.  
INFRARED PYROMETER  
LIQUID/GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY  
PRECISION PROCESS CONTROL  
G0  
G1  
VREF  
CLK  
+
SCLK  
+VIN  
4th-Order  
∆Σ  
Modulator  
Digital  
Filter  
Serial  
Output  
DRDY  
PGA  
–VIN  
DOUT  
+VS  
AGND  
DSYNC  
CS  
Control  
+VD  
DGND  
ADS1250  
International Airport Industrial Park  
Mailing Address: PO Box 11400, Tucson, AZ 85734  
Street Address: 6730 S. Tucson Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85706  
• Tel: (520) 746-1111  
Twx: 910-952-1111  
Internet: http://www.burr-brown.com/  
Cable: BBRCORP Telex: 066-6491  
FAX: (520) 889-1510 Immediate Product Info: (800) 548-6132  
©1999 Burr-Brown Corporation  
PDS-1520B  
Printed in U.S.A. December, 1999  
SPECIFICATIONS  
All specifications at TMIN to TMAX, VD = VS = +5V, CLK = 9.6MHz, PGA = 1, and VREF = 4.096, unless otherwise specified.  
ADS1250U  
PARAMETER  
CONDITIONS  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
UNITS  
ANALOG INPUT  
Input Voltage Range(1)  
Programmable Gain Amplifier  
Input Impedance (differential)  
Input Capacitance  
G = Gain  
AGND  
1
±VREF/G  
V
8
G = Gain  
G = Gain  
At +25°C  
104/G  
6 • G  
5
kΩ  
pF  
pA  
nA  
Input Leakage  
50  
1
At TMIN to TMAX  
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS  
Data Rate  
Bandwidth  
25  
kHz  
kHz  
3dB  
5.4  
Serial Clock (SCLK)  
System Clock Input (CLK)  
9.6  
9.6  
MHz  
MHz  
ACCURACY  
Integral Linearity Error(2)  
THD  
Noise  
±0.0012  
97  
2.8  
±0.0020  
% of FSR  
1kHz Input; 0.1dB below FS  
dB  
ppm of FSR, rms  
Bits  
3.8  
Resolution  
20  
No Missing Codes  
Common-Mode Rejection(3)  
Gain Error  
Offset Error  
Gain Sensitivity to VREF  
Power Supply Rejection Ratio  
20  
105  
Bits  
dB  
% of FSR  
ppm of FSR  
at DC  
90  
60  
1
±200  
±100  
1:1  
78  
VREF = 4.096V ±0.1V  
dB  
PERFORMANCE OVER TEMPERATURE  
Offset Drift  
Gain Drift  
0.25  
5.0  
ppm/°C  
ppm/°C  
VOLTAGE REFERENCE  
VREF  
Load Current  
3.996V  
4.096  
125  
4.196  
V
µA  
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT  
Logic Family  
Logic Level: VIH  
VIL  
CMOS  
+4.0  
–0.3  
+4.5  
+VD + 0.3  
+0.8  
V
V
V
V
VOH  
VOL  
IOH = –500µA  
IOL = 500µA  
0.4  
Data Format  
Binary Two’s Complement  
POWER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS  
Operation  
Quiescent Current, Analog  
Quiescent Current, Digital  
Operating Power  
+4.75  
+5  
14  
1
+5.25  
100  
VDC  
mA  
mA  
V = +5VDC  
V = +5VDC  
75  
mW  
TEMPERATURE RANGE  
Operating  
Storage  
–40  
–60  
+85  
+100  
°C  
°C  
NOTES: (1) In order to achieve the converter’s full-scale range, the input must be fully differential. If the input is single-ended (+VIN or –VIN is fixed), then the  
full-scale range is one-half that of the differential range. (2) Applies to full-differential signals. (3) The common-mode rejection test is performed with a 100mV  
differential input.  
®
ADS1250  
2
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS  
ELECTROSTATIC  
DISCHARGE SENSITIVITY  
Analog Input: Current ................................................ ±100mA, Momentary  
±10mA, Continuous  
Voltage ....................................... AGND –0.3V to VS + 0.3V  
This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Burr-Brown  
recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with ap-  
propriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and  
installation procedures can cause damage.  
V
V
V
S to VD ....................................................................................0.3V to 6V  
S to AGND ............................................................................ –0.3V to 6V  
D to DGND ............................................................................ –0.3V to 6V  
AGND to DGND ................................................................................ ±0.3V  
REF Voltage to AGND ................................................. –0.3V to VS + 0.3V  
V
Digital Input Voltage to DGND ..................................... –0.3V to VD + 0.3V  
Digital Output Voltage to DGND .................................. –0.3V to VD + 0.3V  
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .............................................. +300°C  
Power Dissipation (any package) .................................................. 500mW  
Electrostatic discharge can cause damage ranging from  
performance degradation to complete device failure. Burr-  
BrownCorporationrecommendsthatallintegrated circuitsbe  
handled and stored using appropriate ESD protection  
methods.  
PACKAGE/ORDERING INFORMATION  
PACKAGE  
DRAWING  
NUMBER  
SPECIFIED  
TEMPERATURE  
RANGE  
PACKAGE  
MARKING  
ORDERING  
NUMBER(1)  
TRANSPORT  
MEDIA  
PRODUCT  
PACKAGE  
ADS1250U  
"
SOL-16  
"
211  
"
–40°C to +85°C  
ADS1250U  
"
ADS1250U  
ADS1250U/1K  
Rails  
Tape and Reel  
"
NOTE: (1) Models with a slash (/) are available only in Tape and Reel in the quantities indicated (e.g., /1K indicates 1000 devices per reel). Ordering 1000 pieces  
of “ADS1250U/1K” will get a single 1000-piece Tape and Reel.  
The information provided herein is believed to be reliable; however, BURR-BROWN assumes no responsibility for inaccuracies or omissions. BURR-BROWN assumes  
no responsibility for the use of this information, and all use of such information shall be entirely at the user’s own risk. Prices and specifications are subject to change  
without notice. No patent rights or licenses to any of the circuits described herein are implied or granted to any third party. BURR-BROWN does not authorize or warrant  
any BURR-BROWN product for use in life support devices and/or systems.  
®
3
ADS1250  
PIN CONFIGURATION  
Top View  
SOL-16  
16  
15  
14  
13  
12  
11  
10  
9
+VIN  
–VIN  
DGND  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
G1 (MSB)  
G0 (LSB)  
AGND  
+VS  
VREF  
CS  
ADS1250  
DRDY  
CLK  
DSYNC  
+VD  
SCLK  
DOUT  
DGND  
PIN DESCRIPTIONS  
PIN  
NAME  
PIN DESCRIPTION  
1
2
3
4
5
6
+VIN  
–VIN  
Analog Input: Positive Input of the Differential Analog Input.  
Analog Input: Negative Input of the Differential Analog Input.  
Analog Input: Analog Ground.  
AGND  
+VS  
Analog Input: Analog Power Supply Voltage, +5V.  
Analog Input: Reference Voltage Input.  
VREF  
DSYNC  
Digital Input: Data Synchronization. A falling edge on this input will reset the modulator count and place the modulator in a hold  
state. The modulator is released from the hold state on the rising edge of DSYNC. This can be used to synchronize multiple  
ADS1250s.  
7
8
9
+VD  
Digital Input: Digital Power Supply Voltage, +5V.  
Digital Input: Digital Ground.  
DGND  
DOUT  
Digital Output: Serial Data Output. The serial data is clocked out of the serial data output shift register through this pin. The pin  
is driven when CS is LOW, and high impedance when CS is HIGH.  
10  
SCLK  
Digital Input: Serial Clock. The serial clock is in the form of a CMOS-compatible clock. The serial clock can operate up to the  
device’s system clock frequency. The serial clock can be either a free-running clock or noncontinuous clock, with either type of  
clock; the serial data output is gated by CS.  
11  
12  
CLK  
Digital Input: Device System Clock. The system clock is in the form of a CMOS-compatible clock.  
DRDY  
Digital Output: Data Ready. A falling edge on this output indicates that a new output word is available from the ADS1250 data output  
register.  
13  
CS  
Digital Input: Chip Select. Active LOW logic input used to enable serial data output from the ADS1250. CS controls the state of  
the DOUT pin. If CS is HIGH, DOUT is high impedance; if CS is LOW, DOUT drives the bus. CS can be used in three ways:  
(1) If the ADS1250 shares the bus with other devices, CS is used as serial data output enable for communications.  
(2) If the ADS1250 shares the bus with other devices and SCLK is a free-running clock, CS is used to gate serial data  
out of the device.  
(3) If the ADS1250 is the only device on the bus, CS can be tied LOW to always enable serial data output for a  
two-wire interface.  
Refer to the Serial Communications section of this data sheet for more detail.  
Digital Input: Gain Selection Control (LSB).  
14  
15  
16  
G0  
G1  
Digital Input: Gain Selection Control (MSB).  
DGND  
Digital Input: Digital Ground.  
®
ADS1250  
4
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES  
At TA = +25°C, VD = VS = +5V, CLK = 9.6MHz, PGA = 1, and VREF = 4.096, unless otherwise specified.  
EFFECTIVE RESOLUTION  
vs DATA OUTPUT RATE  
RMS NOISE vs DATA OUTPUT RATE  
20.0  
19.0  
18.0  
17.0  
16.0  
4.0  
3.5  
3.0  
2.5  
2.0  
1.5  
1.0  
0.5  
0.0  
PGA = 8  
PGA = 4  
PGA = 1  
PGA = 1  
PGA = 2  
PGA = 2  
PGA = 4  
PGA = 8  
1
10  
100  
1000  
10000  
10000  
1
10  
100  
1000  
10000  
10000  
Data Output Rate (Hz)  
Data Output Rate (Hz)  
RMS NOISE vs TEMPERATURE  
PGA = 8  
RMS NOISE vs INPUT VOLTAGE (PGA = 1)  
4.0  
3.5  
3.0  
2.5  
2.0  
1.5  
1.0  
0.5  
0.0  
4.0  
3.5  
3.0  
2.5  
2.0  
1.5  
1.0  
0.5  
0.0  
PGA = 4  
PGA = 1  
PGA = 2  
–60  
–40  
–20  
0
20  
40  
60  
80  
100  
–4.0 –3.0 –2.0 –1.0  
0.0  
1.0  
2.0  
3.0  
4.0  
Temperature (°C)  
Differential Analog Input Voltage (V)  
INTEGRAL NON-LINEARITY  
INTEGRAL NON-LINEARITY vs TEMPERATURE  
PGA = 1  
vs DATA OUTPUT RATE (PGA = 1)  
14.0  
13.5  
13.0  
12.5  
12.0  
11.5  
11.0  
10.5  
10.0  
20  
15  
10  
5
PGA = 2  
PGA = 8  
PGA = 4  
40  
0
–60  
–40  
–20  
0
20  
60  
80  
100  
1
10  
100  
1000  
10000  
10000  
Temperature (°C)  
Data Output Rate (Hz)  
®
5
ADS1250  
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES (Cont.)  
At TA = +25°C, VD = VS = +5V, CLK = 9.6MHz, PGA = 1, and VREF = 4.096, unless otherwise specified.  
OFFSET DRIFT vs TEMPERATURE  
GAIN DRIFT vs TEMPERATURE  
30  
20  
400  
200  
0
PGA = 1  
PGA = 4  
PGA = 2  
10  
PGA = 2  
PGA = 4  
PGA = 8  
PGA = 1  
PGA = 4  
PGA = 1  
PGA = 8  
0
PGA = 8  
PGA = 8  
PGA = 4  
–10  
–20  
–30  
–200  
–400  
PGA = 2  
–20  
PGA = 2  
PGA = 1  
–60  
–40  
–20  
0
20  
40  
60  
80  
100  
–60  
–40  
0
20  
40  
60  
80  
100  
Temperature (°C)  
Temperature (°C)  
COMMON-MODE REJECTION RATIO  
vs FREQUENCY  
POWER SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO  
vs FREQUENCY  
120  
115  
110  
105  
100  
100  
90  
80  
70  
60  
PGA = 8  
PGA = 1  
PGA = 4  
PGA = 2  
PGA = 2  
PGA = 4  
PGA = 1  
PGA = 8  
1
10  
100  
1000  
1
10  
100  
1k  
10k  
Frequency (Hz)  
Frequency (Hz)  
ANALOG CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE  
(PGA = 1)  
DIGITAL CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE  
(PGA = 1)  
20.0  
18.0  
16.0  
14.0  
12.0  
10.0  
8.0  
1.4  
1.2  
1.0  
0.8  
0.6  
0.4  
0.2  
0.0  
6.0  
4.0  
2.0  
0.0  
–60  
–40  
–20  
0
20  
40  
60  
80  
100  
–60  
–40  
–20  
0
20  
40  
60  
80  
100  
Temperature (°C)  
Temperature (°C)  
®
ADS1250  
6
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES (Cont.)  
At TA = +25°C, VD = VS = +5V, CLK = 9.6MHz, PGA = 1, and VREF = 4.096, unless otherwise specified.  
TYPICAL FFT ANALYSIS  
OF THE 1kHz fS INPUT SIGNAL (PGA = 4)  
POWER DISSIPATION vs CLK FREQUENCY  
(PGA = 1)  
0
–20  
100  
80  
60  
40  
20  
0
–40  
–60  
–80  
–100  
–120  
–140  
–160  
–180  
–200  
0
2500  
5000  
7500  
10000  
12500  
0.0  
2.0  
4.0  
6.0  
8.0  
10.0  
Frequency (Hz)  
CLK Frequency (MHz)  
®
7
ADS1250  
Additionally, a lower gain setting (G) decreases the sam-  
pling capacitor size, which results in a higher analog input  
impedance. This can be seen in the following equation:  
THEORY OF OPERATION  
The ADS1250 is a precision, high dynamic range, 20-bit,  
delta-sigma, A/D converter capable of achieving very high-  
resolution digital results at high data rates. The analog input  
signal is continuously sampled at a rate determined by the  
frequency of the system clock (CLK). The sampled analog  
input is modulated by the delta-sigma A/D modulator, fol-  
lowed by a digital filter value. A programmable gain func-  
tion is also incorporated in the delta-sigma modulator with  
larger input sampling capacitors for higher gains. A sinc5  
digital low-pass filter processes the output of the delta-sigma  
modulator and writes the result into the data output register.  
The DRDY pin is pulled LOW indicating that new data is  
available to be read by the external microcontroller/micro-  
processor. As shown in the block diagram, the main func-  
tional blocks of the ADS1250 are the programmable gain  
amplifier, a fourth-order delta-sigma modulator, a digital  
filter, control logic, and a serial interface. Each of these  
functional blocks is described below.  
9.6 MHz 104E3  
AIN Impedance () =  
CLK G  
With regard to the analog input signal, the overall analog  
performance of the device is affected by three items. First,  
the input impedance can affect accuracy. If the source  
impedance of the input signal is significant, or if there is  
passive filtering prior to the ADS1250, a significant portion  
of the signal can be lost across this external impedance. The  
magnitude of the effect is dependent on the desired system  
performance.  
Second, the current into or out of the analog inputs must be  
limited. Under no conditions should the current into or out  
of the analog inputs exceed 10mA.  
Third, to prevent aliasing of the input signal, the bandwidth  
of the analog input signal must be band limited. The band-  
width is a function of the system clock frequency. With a  
system clock frequency of 9.6MHz, the data output rate is  
25kHz, with a –3dB frequency of 5.4kHz. The –3dB fre-  
quency scales with the system clock frequency.  
ANALOG INPUT  
The ADS1250 contains a fully differential analog input with  
programmable gain. The fully differential switched capaci-  
tor architecture provides low system noise, common-mode  
rejection of 105dB, and excellent power supply rejection.  
The selectable gains on the input are 1, 2, 4, or 8, which  
gives a bipolar input voltage range from –4.096 to +4.096V,  
to –512mV to +512mV, when the reference input voltage  
equals +4.096V. The bipolar ranges are with respect to –VIN  
and not with respect to GND.  
To guarantee the best linearity of the ADS1250, a fully  
differential signal is recommended.  
PROGRAMMABLE GAIN AMPLIFIER  
The PGA gain setting is programmed via the PGA pins on the  
ADS1250. Changes in the gain setting (G) of the PGA results  
in an increase in the input capacitor size. Therefore, higher  
gain settings result in a lower analog input impedance.  
Figure 1 shows the basic input structure of the ADS1250.  
The analog input impedance is directly related to the sam-  
pling frequency of the input capacitor (fMOD), and the gain  
setting (G) of the device. The sampling frequency of the  
input capacitor is derived from the system clock (CLK).  
Therefore, a lower CLK rate decreases the sampling fre-  
quency, which results in a higher analog input impedance.  
The PGA of the ADS1250 can be set to a gain of 1, 2, 4, or  
8, substantially increasing the dynamic range of the converter  
and simplifying the interface to the more common transducers  
(see Table I).  
GAIN SETTING  
ANALOG INPUT  
DIFFERENTIAL  
FSR (V)  
SINGLE-ENDED  
FSR (V)  
G1  
G0  
GAIN VALUE  
RSW  
(1ktypical • G)  
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
2
4
8
8.192  
4.096  
2.048  
1.024  
4.096  
2.048  
1.024  
0.512  
Internal  
Circuitry  
AIN  
CINT  
Modulator Frequency  
(6pF typical • G)  
NOTE: Based on a 4.096V reference. The ADS1250 allows common-  
mode voltage as long as the absolute input voltage on +VIN or –VIN does  
not go below AGND or above +VS.  
= fMOD  
VCM  
TABLE I. Full-Scale Range versus PGA Setting.  
FIGURE 1. Analog Input Structure.  
®
ADS1250  
8
DELTA-SIGMA MODULATOR  
Reference voltages higher than 4.096V will increase the  
full-scale range, while the absolute internal circuit noise of  
the converter remains the same. This will decrease the noise  
in terms of ppm of full scale. However, using a higher  
reference voltage will also degrade linearity. Therefore, the  
use of a higher reference voltage is not recommended.  
The modulator clock is generated by dividing the system  
clock by 6. With a nominal system clock frequency of  
9.6MHz, the modulator clock frequency is 1.6MHz  
(9.6MHz / 6). The output from the modulator is oversampled  
64 times by the digital filter. Therefore, with 1.6MHz  
modulator clock (derived from a 9.6MHz system clock), the  
data output rate is 25kHz (1.6MHz / 64). The data output  
rate scales directly with the system clock frequency, as  
shown in Table II.  
Reference voltages lower than 4.096V will decrease the full-  
scale range, while the absolute internal circuit noise at the  
converter remains the same. This will increase the noise in  
terms of ppm of full scale. However, using a lower reference  
voltage will not degrade linearity. Therefore, the use of a  
lower reference voltage will reduce the effective resolution.  
CLK (MHz)  
DATA OUTPUT RATE (Hz)  
9.600000  
7.372800(1)  
6.144000(1)  
6.000000(1)  
4.915200(1)  
3.686400(1)  
3.072000(1)  
2.457600(1)  
1.843200(1)  
0.921600  
0.460800  
0.384000  
0.192000  
0.038400  
0.023040  
0.019200  
0.011520  
0.009600  
0.007680  
0.006400  
0.005760  
0.004800  
0.003840  
25,000  
19,200  
16,000  
15,625  
12,800  
9,600  
8,000  
6,400  
4,800  
2,400  
1,200  
1,000  
500  
DIGITAL FILTER  
The digital filter is a sinc5 and is described by the following  
transfer function:  
5
π • f • 64  
sin  
fMOD  
H(f) =  
π • f  
64 sin  
fMOD  
or  
100  
60  
5
1– z–64  
50  
H(z) =  
30  
64 • 1– z–1  
25  
(
)
20  
16.67  
15  
The digital filter of the ADS1250 computes the digital result  
based on the most recent outputs from the delta-sigma  
modulator. At the most basic level, the digital filter can be  
thought of as simply averaging the modulator results in a  
weighted form and presenting this average as the digital  
result. The digital result is calculated from the digital filter  
every 64 modulator clock cycles, or 6 • 64 = 384 system  
clock cycles (refer to the Delta-Sigma Modulator section).  
However, if there is a significant change in the analog input,  
five full conversions are needed for the digital filter to settle.  
If the analog input change occurs asynchronously to the  
DRDY pulse, six conversions are needed for the conversion  
to fully settle. Furthermore, the group delay is only 2.5  
conversions due to the digital filter's linear phase response.  
12.50  
10  
NOTE: (1) Standard Clock Oscillator.  
TABLE II. CLK Rate versus Data Output Rate.  
REFERENCE INPUT  
Unlike the analog input, the reference input impedance has no  
dependency on the PGA gain setting.  
Reference input takes an average current of 125µA with a  
9.6MHz system clock. This current will be proportional to  
the system clock. A buffered reference is needed for  
ADS1250. The recommended reference circuit is shown in  
Figure 2.  
+5V  
+5V  
0.10µF  
7
4.99kΩ  
2
To VREF  
Pin 5 of  
the ADS1250  
6
OPA350  
10kΩ  
3
1
+
10µF  
0.1µF  
+
10µF  
0.10µF  
4
LM404-4.1  
FIGURE 2. Recommended External Voltage Reference Circuit for Best Low Noise Operation with the ADS1250.  
®
9
ADS1250  
There is an additional benefit in using a lower data output  
rate. It will provide better rejection of signals in the fre-  
quency band of interest. For example, with a 50Hz data  
output rate, a significant signal at 75Hz may alias back into  
the passband at 25Hz. This is due to the fact that rejection at  
75Hz may only be 66dB in the stopband (frequencies higher  
than the first notch frequency), as shown in Figure 4.  
However, setting the data output rate to 10Hz will provide  
135dB rejection at 75Hz (see Figure 6). A similar benefit is  
gained at frequencies near the data output rate (see Figures  
7, 8, 9, and 10). If a slower data output rate does not meet  
the system requirements, the analog front end can be de-  
signed to provide the needed attenuation to prevent aliasing.  
Additionally the data output rate may be increased and  
additional digital filtering may be done in the processor or  
controller.  
The digital output rate, or data rate, scales directly with the  
system CLK frequency. This allows the data output rate to  
be changed over a very wide range (five orders of magni-  
tude) by changing the system CLK frequency. However, it  
is important to note that the –3dB point of the filter is 0.216  
times the data output rate. Therefore, the data output rate  
should allow for sufficient margin to prevent attenuation of  
the signal of interest.  
Since the conversion result is essentially an average, the data  
output rate determines the location of the resulting notches  
in the digital filter (see Figure 3). Note that the first notch is  
located at the data output rate frequency, and subsequent  
notches are located at integer multiples of the data output  
rate to allow for rejection of not only the fundamental  
frequency, but also harmonic frequencies. In this manner,  
the data output rate can be used to set specific notch  
frequencies in the digital filter response.  
CONTROL LOGIC  
For example, if rejection of the power line frequency is  
desired, the data output rate can simply be set to the power  
line frequency. For 50Hz rejection, the system CLK fre-  
quency should be 19.200kHz; this will set the data output  
rate to 50Hz (see Table II and Figure 4). For 60Hz rejection,  
the system CLK frequency should be 23.040kHz; this will  
set the data output rate to 60Hz (see Table II and Figure 5).  
If both 50Hz and 60Hz rejection is required, then the system  
CLK should be 3.840kHz; this will set the data output rate  
to 10Hz and reject both 50Hz and 60Hz (See Table II and  
Figure 6).  
The control logic is used for communications and control of  
the ADS1250.  
Power-Up Sequence  
Prior to power-up, all digital and analog input pins must be  
LOW. At the time of power-up, these signal inputs can be  
biased to a voltage other than 0V, however, they should  
never exceed +VS or +VD.  
Once the ADS1250 powers up, the DRDY line will pulse  
LOW on the first conversion. This data will not be valid. The  
sixth pulse of DRDY will be valid data from the analog input  
signal.  
DIGITAL FILTER RESPONSE  
0
NORMALIZED DIGITAL FILTER RESPONSE  
0
–20  
–40  
–20  
–40  
–60  
–60  
–80  
–80  
–100  
–120  
–140  
–160  
–180  
–200  
–100  
–120  
–140  
–160  
–180  
–200  
0
50  
100  
150  
200  
250  
300  
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10  
Frequency (Hz)  
Frequency (Hz)  
FIGURE 3. Normalized Digital Filter Response.  
FIGURE 4. Digital Filter Response (50Hz).  
®
ADS1250  
10  
DIGITAL FILTER RESPONSE  
DIGITAL FILTER RESPONSE  
0
–20  
0
–20  
–40  
–40  
–60  
–60  
–80  
–80  
–100  
–120  
–140  
–160  
–180  
–200  
–100  
–120  
–140  
–160  
–180  
–200  
0
10  
20  
30  
40  
50  
60  
70  
80  
90 100  
0
50  
100  
150  
200  
250  
300  
Frequency (Hz)  
Frequency (Hz)  
FIGURE 5. Digital Filter Response (60Hz).  
FIGURE 6. Digital Filter Response (10Hz Multiples).  
DIGITAL FILTER RESPONSE  
0
DIGITAL FILTER RESPONSE  
0
–20  
–40  
–20  
–40  
–60  
–60  
–80  
–80  
–100  
–120  
–140  
–160  
–180  
–200  
–100  
–120  
–140  
–160  
–180  
–200  
45  
46  
47  
48  
49  
50  
51  
52  
53  
54  
55  
45  
46  
47  
48  
49  
50  
51  
52  
53  
54  
55  
Frequency (Hz)  
Frequency (Hz)  
FIGURE 7. Expanded Digital Filter Response (50Hz with a  
50Hz Notch).  
FIGURE 8. Expanded Digital Filter Response (50Hz with a  
10Hz Notch).  
DIGITAL FILTER RESPONSE  
0
DIGITAL FILTER RESPONSE  
0
–20  
–40  
–20  
–40  
–60  
–60  
–80  
–80  
–100  
–120  
–140  
–160  
–180  
–200  
–100  
–120  
–140  
–160  
–180  
–200  
55  
56  
57  
58  
59  
60  
61  
62  
63  
64  
65  
55  
56  
57  
58  
59  
60  
61  
62  
63  
64  
65  
Frequency (Hz)  
Frequency (Hz)  
FIGURE 9. Expanded Digital Filter Response (60Hz with a  
60Hz Notch).  
FIGURE 10. Expanded Digital Filter Response (60Hz with  
a 10Hz Notch).  
®
11  
ADS1250  
DSYNC  
Therefore, the output data will be synchronized, but only to  
within one CLK clock cycle. To ensure exact synchroniza-  
tion to the same CLK clock edge, the timing relationship  
between the DSYNC and CLK signals must be observed, as  
shown in Figure 11 and Table III. Figure 12 shows a simple  
circuit which can be used to clock multiple ADS1250s from  
one ADS1250, as well as to ensure that an asynchronous  
DSYNC signal will exactly synchronize all the converters.  
The DSYNC signal can be used is two ways. First, DSYNC  
can be used to synchronize multiple converters. This is done  
by applying a negative-going pulse on DSYNC. The nega-  
tive pulse resets the current modulator count to zero and  
places it in a hold state. The modulator is released from the  
hold state and synchronization occurs on the rising edge of  
DSYNC. DSYNC does not reset the internal data to zero.  
Synchronization assumes that each ADS1250 is driven from  
the same system clock. If the DSYNC pulse is completely  
asynchronous to the master clock, some ADS1250s may  
start-up one CLK clock cycle before the others.  
The second use of DSYNC is to reset the modulator count  
to zero in order to obtain valid data as quickly as possible.  
For example, if the analog input signal is changed signifi-  
cantly on the ADS1250, the current conversion cycle will be  
a mix of the old data and the new data. Five conversions are  
needed for the digital filter to settle. Therefore, the sixth  
conversion will be valid data. However, if the analog input  
signal is changed and then DSYNC is used to reset the  
modulator count, the modulator data at the end of the current  
conversion cycle will be entirely from the new signal. After  
four additional conversion cycles, the output data will be  
completely valid. Note that the conversion cycle in which  
DSYNC is used will be slightly longer than normal. Its  
length will depend on when DSYNC was set.  
CLK  
t14  
t13  
DSYNC  
FIGURE 11. DSYNC to CLK Timing for Synchronizing  
Multiple ADS1250s.  
1/2 74AHC74  
Asynchronous  
DSYNC  
Strobe  
D
Q
CLK  
Q
1/6 74AHC04  
DVDD  
OSC  
DSYNC  
CLK  
DOUT  
SCLK  
DVDD  
DSYNC  
CLK  
DOUT  
SCLK  
DVDD  
DSYNC  
CLK  
DOUT  
SCLK  
DVDD  
DGND  
DGND  
DGND  
ADS1250  
ADS1250  
ADS1250  
DGND  
FIGURE 12. Exactly Synchronizing Multiple ADS1250s to an Asynchronous DSYNC Signal.  
SYMBOL  
DESCRIPTION  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
UNITS  
t1  
t2  
t3  
t4  
t5  
t6  
t7  
t8  
DOR Write Time (Using CS)  
DRDY LOW Time  
6 • CLK  
6 • CLK  
6 • CLK  
6 • CLK  
30  
ns  
ns  
ns  
ns  
ns  
ns  
ns  
DOR Write Time (CS HIGH)  
DRDY HIGH Time  
Rising Edge of CLK to Falling Edge of DRDY  
Falling Edge of DRDY to Falling Edge of CS  
30  
30  
5
Falling Edge of CS to Rising Edge of DRDY  
6 • CLK  
Falling Edge of CS to Rising Edge of SCLK or  
Falling Edge of DRDY to Rising Edge of SCLK if CS is Tied LOW  
Falling Edge of CS to DOUT Valid or  
ns  
t9  
Falling Edge of DRDY to DOUT Valid if CS is Tied LOW (Setup Time)  
30  
ns  
ns  
ns  
ns  
ns  
ns  
t10  
t11  
t12  
t13  
t14  
Falling Edge of SCLK to DOUT Valid (Hold Time)  
Falling Edge of SCLK to Next DOUT Valid (Setup Time)  
Rising Edge of CS to DOUT High Impedance  
DSYNC Pulse Width  
30  
30  
100  
CLK  
– 5  
2
Falling Edge of CLK to Falling Edge of DSYNC  
TABLE III. Digital Timing.  
®
ADS1250  
12  
CS  
MSB to LSB in the time defined by t3. The DRDY line  
would stay HIGH for the time defined by t4, as shown in  
Figure 15.  
The CS signal controls the state of DOUT. If CS is HIGH,  
DOUT is in a high-impedance state. When CS is LOW,  
DOUT drives the bus.  
t3  
t4  
DRDY  
DRDY  
The DRDY signal is used to indicate that new data has been  
loaded into the data output register and is ready to be read.  
The operation of DRDY depends on how the CS signal is  
used. The specifics of the three communications methods  
are described in the Serial Interface section.  
MSB  
written  
to DOR  
DOR  
write  
complete  
FIGURE 15. DRDY Pulse (CS HIGH).  
In the first case, which is typical for three-wire serial  
communications (CS tied LOW), DRDY would normally be  
HIGH. The result of the A/D conversion would be written to  
the DOR from MSB to LSB in the time defined by t1. The  
DRDY line would then pulse LOW for time defined by t2,  
as shown in Figure 13.  
Reading DRDY during the time shown by t1 and t3 (Figures  
13, 14, and 15) will result in invalid data being read. This is  
due to the fact that writes to the DOR are not blocked.  
Subsequently, a read from DOR during this time will result  
in a combination of old and new data.  
SERIAL INTERFACE  
t1  
t2  
The ADS1250 includes a simple serial interface which can  
be connected to microcontrollers and digital signal proces-  
sors in a variety of ways. Communications with the ADS1250  
can commence on the first detection of the DRDY pulse  
after power up, although data will not be valid until the sixth  
conversion.  
DRDY  
MSB  
written  
to DOR  
DOR  
write  
complete  
It is important to note that the data from the ADS1250 is a 20-  
bit result transmitted MSB-first in Binary Two’s Complement  
format, as shown in Table IV.  
DOUT  
FIGURE 13. DRDY Pulse (CS tied LOW).  
DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE INPUT  
DIGITAL OUTPUT (HEX)  
In the second case, which is typical for four-wire serial  
communications (CS used), DRDY would normally be HIGH.  
The result of the A/D conversion would be written to the DOR  
from MSB to LSB in the time defined by t1. The DRDY would  
go LOW after the DOR write is completed. After taking CS  
LOW, the DRDY line would remain LOW for the time  
defined by t2, as shown in Figure 14.  
+Full Scale  
Zero  
7FFFFH  
00000H  
80000H  
–Full Scale  
TABLE IV. ADS1250 Data Format (Binary Two's Comple-  
ment).  
The entire 20-bit result can be read out of the device by simply  
providing 20 SCLKs during serial communication with the  
part. However, the most common method of communicating  
with the device is with a standard SSI interface, such as SPI.  
This protocol is based on 8-bit or 16-bit data transfers. It is  
possible to use a standard 8-bit or 16-bit data transfer with the  
ADS1250. For instance, if only 16 bits of data are read, the  
internal bit pointer will automatically reset to the MSB of the  
DOR on the next DRDY pulse. This will ensure that the next  
read from the DOR will begin with the MSB of newly  
converted data. If more than 20 bits of data are read, the data  
will be 0 padded. Therefore, if 24 bits of data are read from the  
ADS1250, the lowest four bits of the 24-bit data transfer are  
read as 0s (0 padded).  
t1  
t2  
DRDY  
MSB  
written  
to DOR  
DOR  
write  
complete  
CS  
DOUT  
The only limitation on SCLK is that it cannot be higher than  
9.6MHz. Therefore, it is possible to run CLK at a lower  
frequency than SCLK. For instance, it is possible to run  
CLK at 23.040kHz for a 60Hz notch, and run SCLK at  
9.6MHz to achieve high-speed serial communications. Ad-  
ditionally, the data must be clocked out before the next  
DRDY to ensure valid data, as described in the DRDY  
section.  
FIGURE 14. DRDY Pulse (using CS).  
In the third case, CS is left HIGH, which may be used if data  
is only periodically read from the ADS1250. In this case,  
DRDY would normally be LOW. DRDY would go HIGH  
immediately prior to the MSB being written to the DOR.  
The result of the A/D conversion would be written from  
®
13  
ADS1250  
There are three basic methods of receiving data from the  
ADS1250. The first two methods involve a four-wire inter-  
face and the third method is a three-wire interface.  
output register. The processor would provide 20 (or 24)  
SCLKs to read the contents of the DOR. The data bits in the  
DOR are shifted out on the DOUT pin after the falling edge  
of SCLK. If more than 20 bits of data are read, the data is 0  
padded. Taking CS HIGH will take DOUT to a high-  
impedance state. The timing for the data transfer is shown in  
Figure 16 (see Table III). A simple four-wire interface using  
this method is shown in Figure 17. The P1.0 output from the  
8xC51 is a free-running clock.  
Method 1: Four-Wire Interface  
The most common method of receiving data is using a  
simple four-wire interface (CS, SCLK, DOUT, and DRDY).  
The DRDY line will pulse LOW after the DOR is updated.  
The processor would then take CS LOW to select the device  
for communication. Once CS is taken LOW, the DOUT  
would be driven to the level dictated by the MSB of the data  
t5  
CLK  
t6  
DRDY  
t7  
CS  
t8  
t10  
SCLK  
1
2
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
24  
t12  
t9  
t11  
OUT  
LSB  
OUT  
MSB  
DOUT  
FIGURE 16. Method 1: Four-Wire Interface Using Noncontinuous SCLK.  
DVDD  
8xC51  
+VIN  
P1.0 / T2  
P1.1  
P1.2  
P1.3  
P1.4  
P1.5  
P1.6  
P1.7  
RST  
VCC  
P0.0  
P0.1  
P0.2  
P0.3  
P0.4  
P0.5  
P0.6  
P0.7  
EA  
DGND  
G1  
–VIN  
AGND  
+VS  
G0  
AVDD  
AGND  
DGND  
CS  
VREF  
Circuit  
ADS1250  
DVDD  
VREF  
DRDY  
CLK  
DSYNC  
+VD  
SCLK  
DOUT  
DGND  
DVDD  
P3.0  
P3.1  
DGND  
ALE  
P3.2 / INT0  
P3.3  
PSEN  
P2.7  
P2.6  
P2.5  
P2.4  
P2.3  
P2.2  
P2.1  
P2.0  
P3.4  
P3.5  
P3.6  
P3.7  
C1  
C2  
XTAL  
XTAL2  
XTAL1  
VSS  
DGND  
FIGURE 17. Four-Wire Interface to an 8xC51.  
®
ADS1250  
14  
Method 2: Four-Wire Interface  
would be driven to the level dictated by the MSB of the data  
output register. CS would be held low for 20 (or 24) SCLKs  
to read the contents of the DOR. The data bits in the DOR  
are shifted out on the DOUT pin after the falling edge of  
SCLK. If CS is held low for more than 20 SCLKs, the data  
would be 0 padded. Taking CS HIGH will take DOUT to a  
high-impedance state. The timing for the data transfer is  
shown in Figure 18 (see Table III). A simple four-wire  
interface is shown in Figure 19. The P1.0 output from the  
8xC51 is a free-running clock.  
The second method of receiving data also uses a simple  
four-wire interface (CS, SCLK, DOUT, and DRDY). The  
main difference from method 1 is that SCLK is a free-  
running clock. The DRDY line will pulse LOW for the time  
defined by t2 after the DOR is updated. The processor would  
then take CS LOW to select the device for communication.  
The recommended method of using CS is to take CS LOW  
on the falling edge of SCLK. The only timing constraint of  
CS is that the setup time (t9) for the data must be met before  
the rising edge of SCLK. Once CS is taken LOW, the DOUT  
t5  
CLK  
t6  
DRDY  
t7  
CS  
t8  
t10  
SCLK  
1
2
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
24  
t9  
t11  
t12  
OUT  
MSB  
OUT  
LSB  
DOUT  
FIGURE 18. Method 2: Four-Wire Interface Using a Free-Running SCLK.  
DVDD  
8xC51  
+VIN  
P1.0 / T2  
VCC  
P0.0  
P0.1  
P0.2  
P0.3  
P0.4  
P0.5  
P0.6  
P0.7  
EA  
DGND  
G1  
–VIN  
P1.1  
P1.2  
P1.3  
P1.4  
P1.5  
P1.6  
P1.7  
RST  
P3.0  
P3.1  
AGND  
+VS  
G0  
AVDD  
AGND  
DGND  
CS  
VREF  
Circuit  
ADS1250  
DVDD  
VREF  
DRDY  
CLK  
DSYNC  
+VD  
SCLK  
DOUT  
DGND  
DVDD  
DGND  
ALE  
P3.2 / INT0  
P3.3  
PSEN  
P2.7  
P2.6  
P2.5  
P2.4  
P2.3  
P2.2  
P2.1  
P2.0  
P3.4  
P3.5  
P3.6  
P3.7  
C1  
C2  
XTAL  
XTAL2  
XTAL1  
VSS  
DGND  
FIGURE 19. Four-Wire Interface to an 8xC51 (Free-Running SCLK).  
15  
®
ADS1250  
Method 3: Three-Wire Interface  
than 20 bits of data are read, the data is 0 padded. Since CS  
is tied LOW, the bus will be driven to the state of the last bit  
that was shifted out of the DOR. The timing for the data  
transfer is shown in Figure 20 (see Table III). A simple  
three-wire interface using this method is shown in Figure 21.  
The P1.0 output from the 8xC51 is a free-running clock.  
The third method of receiving data uses a simple three-wire  
interface (SCLK, DOUT, and DRDY). The main difference  
from method 1 is that CS is tied LOW, therefore, the DOUT  
pin is always driving the bus. The DRDY line will pulse  
LOW after the DOR is updated. Since CS is tied LOW (the  
DOUT pin is enabled for output), the level dictated by the  
MSB of the data output register would be driven on the bus.  
The processor would provide 20 (or 24) SCLKs to read the  
contents of the DOR. The data bits in the DOR are shifted  
out on the DOUT pin after the falling edge of SCLK. If more  
Figure 22 shows a five-wire interface using DSYNC. The  
communication with the ADS1250 is the same as described  
in Method 1. Figure 23 shows a full interface using DSYNC,  
G1, and G0. The communication with ADS1250 is the same  
as described in Method 1.  
t5  
CLK  
t2  
DRDY  
t8  
t10  
SCLK  
1
2
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
24  
t9  
t11  
OUT  
OUT  
MSB  
DOUT  
LSB  
FIGURE 20. Method 3: Two-Wire Interface (CS tied LOW).  
DVDD  
8xC51  
+VIN  
P1.0 / T2  
P1.1  
P1.2  
P1.3  
P1.4  
P1.5  
P1.6  
P1.7  
RST  
VCC  
P0.0  
P0.1  
P0.2  
P0.3  
P0.4  
P0.5  
P0.6  
P0.7  
EA  
DGND  
G1  
–VIN  
AGND  
+VS  
G0  
AVDD  
AGND  
CS  
VREF  
Circuit  
ADS1250  
DGND  
DVDD  
VREF  
DRDY  
CLK  
DSYNC  
+VD  
SCLK  
DOUT  
DGND  
DVDD  
P3.0  
P3.1  
DGND  
ALE  
P3.2 / INT0  
P3.3  
PSEN  
P2.7  
P2.6  
P2.5  
P2.4  
P2.3  
P2.2  
P2.1  
P2.0  
P3.4  
P3.5  
P3.6  
P3.7  
C1  
C2  
XTAL  
XTAL2  
XTAL1  
VSS  
DGND  
FIGURE 21. Three-Wire Interface to an 8xC51 (CS tied LOW).  
®
ADS1250  
16  
DVDD  
8xC51  
+VIN  
P1.0 / T2  
P1.1  
P1.2  
P1.3  
P1.4  
P1.5  
P1.6  
P1.7  
RST  
VCC  
P0.0  
P0.1  
P0.2  
P0.3  
P0.4  
P0.5  
P0.6  
P0.7  
EA  
DGND  
G1  
–VIN  
AGND  
+VS  
G0  
AVDD  
AGND  
DGND  
CS  
ADS1250  
VREF  
Circuit  
VREF  
DRDY  
CLK  
DSYNC  
+VD  
DVDD  
SCLK  
DOUT  
DGND  
DVDD  
DGND  
P3.0  
P3.1  
ALE  
P3.2 / INT0  
P3.3  
PSEN  
P2.7  
P2.6  
P2.5  
P2.4  
P2.3  
P2.2  
P2.1  
P2.0  
P3.4  
P3.5  
P3.6  
P3.7  
C1  
C2  
XTAL  
XTAL2  
XTAL1  
VSS  
DGND  
FIGURE 22. Five-Wire Interface to an 8xC51.  
DVDD  
8xC51  
+VIN  
–VIN  
P1.0 / T2  
P1.1  
VCC  
P0.0  
P0.1  
P0.2  
P0.3  
P0.4  
P0.5  
P0.6  
P0.7  
EA  
DGND  
G1  
DGND  
AGND  
AVDD  
P1.2  
G0  
AGND  
+VS  
P1.3  
CS  
ADS1250  
VREF  
Circuit  
VREF  
P1.4  
DRDY  
CLK  
DSYNC  
+VD  
P1.5  
DVDD  
P1.6  
SCLK  
DOUT  
DGND  
P1.7  
DVDD  
RST  
DGND  
P3.0  
P3.1  
ALE  
P3.2 / INT0  
P3.3  
PSEN  
P2.7  
P2.6  
P2.5  
P2.4  
P2.3  
P2.2  
P2.1  
P2.0  
P3.4  
P3.5  
P3.6  
P3.7  
C1  
C2  
XTAL  
XTAL2  
XTAL1  
VSS  
DGND  
FIGURE 23. Full Interface to an 8xC51.  
®
17  
ADS1250  
SOFTWARE GAIN  
example, shifting the result by 4 bits when the ADS1250 is set  
to a gain of 8 results in an effective gain of 128.  
The excellent performance, flexibility, and low cost of the  
ADS1250 allows the converter to be considered for designs  
which would not normally need a 20-bit ADC. For example,  
many designs utilize a 12-bit converter and a high gain INA  
or PGA for digitizing low amplitude signals. For some of these  
applications, the ADS1250 by itself may be a solution. The  
digital result of the converter can simply be shifted up by “n”  
bits in the main controller, resulting in a gain of “n” times G,  
where G is the gain setting. While this type of manipulation of  
the output data is obvious, it is easy to miss how much the gain  
can be increased in this manner on a 20-bit converter. For  
Isolation  
The serial interface of the ADS1250 provides for simple  
isolation methods. An example of an isolated four-wire  
interface is shown in Figure 19. The ISO150 is used to  
transmit the digital clocks over the isolation barrier. In  
addition, the digital output of the ADS1250 can, in some  
cases, drive opto-isolators directly. Note that DOUT is tri-  
stated for the majority of the conversion period and the opto-  
isolator connection must take this into account.  
VDD2  
DRDY  
DGND  
VDD1  
+VIN  
DGND  
G1  
CLK  
–VIN  
VDD2  
DGND  
VDD1  
AGND  
VDD2  
AGND  
+VS  
G0  
AVDD  
AGND  
CS  
VREF  
ADS1250  
Circuit  
DGND  
DGND  
VDD1  
VREF  
DRDY  
CLK  
SCLK  
DSYNC  
+VD  
DGND  
SCLK  
DOUT  
DGND  
DGND  
VDD1  
DOUT  
VDD2  
DGND  
AGND  
FIGURE 24. Isolated Four-Wire Interface.  
®
ADS1250  
18  
should be connected to the analog ground plane as well as all  
other analog grounds. DGND should be connected to the  
digital ground plane and all digital signals referenced to this  
plane. The ADS1250 pinout is such that the converter is  
cleanly separated into an analog and digital portion. This  
should allow simple layout of the analog and digital sections  
of the design. For a single converter system, AGND and  
DGND of the ADS1250 should be connected together,  
underneath the converter. Do not join the ground planes, but  
connect the two with a moderate signal trace. For multiple  
converters, connect the two ground planes at one location as  
central to all of the converters as possible. In some cases,  
experimentation may be required to find the best point to  
connect the two planes together. The printed circuit board  
can be designed to provide different analog/digital ground  
connections via short jumpers. The initial prototype can be  
used to establish which connection works best.  
LAYOUT  
POWER SUPPLIES  
The analog supply should be well regulated and low noise.  
For designs requiring very high resolution from the ADS1250,  
power supply rejection will be a concern. Avoid running  
digital lines under the device as they may couple noise onto  
the die. The requirements for the digital supply are not as  
strict, however, high frequency noise on VD can capacitively  
couple into the analog portion of the ADS1250. This noise  
can originate from switching power supplies, very fast  
microprocessors, or digital signal processors. For either  
supply, high frequency noise will alias back into the pass-  
band of the digital filter, affecting the conversion result. If  
one supply must be used to power the ADS1250, the VS  
supply should be used to power VD. This connection can be  
made via a 10resistor which, along with the decoupling  
capacitors, will provide some filtering between VD and VS.  
In some systems, a direct connection can be made. Experi-  
mentation may be the best way to determine the appropriate  
connection between VS and VD.  
DECOUPLING  
Good decoupling practices should be used for the ADS1250  
and for all components in the design. All decoupling capaci-  
tors, but specifically the 0.1µF ceramic capacitors, should be  
placed as close as possible to the pin being decoupled. A  
1µF to 10µF capacitor, in parallel with a 0.1µF ceramic  
capacitor, should be used to decouple VS to AGND. At a  
minimum, a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor should be used to  
decouple VD to DGND, as well as for the digital supply on  
each digital component.  
GROUNDING  
The analog and digital sections of the design should be  
carefully and cleanly partitioned. Each section should have  
its own ground plane with no overlap between them. AGND  
TYPICAL CONNECTION  
16  
+VIN  
–VIN  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
DGND  
+
15  
14  
13  
12  
11  
10  
9
G1  
∆Σ  
Modulator  
PGA  
AGND  
G0  
+VS  
CS  
Digital  
Filter  
10µF  
10µF  
0.1µF  
VREF  
DRDY  
CLK  
SCLK  
DOUT  
DSYNC  
Serial  
Output  
+VD  
0.1µF  
DGND  
ADS1250  
FIGURE 25. Connection Diagram.  
®
19  
ADS1250  
analog inputs of the ADS1250 are at 2.048V, the differential  
voltage is 0V. If one input is at 0V and the other is at 4.096V,  
the differential voltage magnitude is 4.096V. This is the case  
regardless of which input is at 0V and which is at 4.096V.  
The analog input differential voltage is given by the follow-  
ing equation:  
SYSTEM CONSIDERATIONS  
The recommendations for power supplies and grounding  
will change depending on the requirements and specific  
design of the overall system. Achieving 20 bits noise perfor-  
mance is a great deal more difficult than achieving 12 bits of  
noise performance. In general, a system can be broken up  
into four different stages:  
+VIN – –VIN  
• Analog Processing  
A positive digital output is produced whenever the analog  
input differential voltage is positive, while a negative digital  
output is produced whenever the differential is negative. For  
example, with a 4.096V reference and a gain setting of 2, a  
positive full-scale output is produced when the analog input  
differential is 2.048V. A negative full-scale output is pro-  
duced when the differential voltage is –2.048V. In each case,  
the actual input voltages must remain within the AGND to  
VS range (see Table I).  
• Analog Portion of the ADS1250  
• Digital Portion of the ADS1250  
• Digital Processing  
For the simplest system consisting of minimal analog signal  
processing (basic filtering and gain), a microcontroller, and  
one clock source, high resolution can be achieved by pow-  
ering all components by a common power supply. In addi-  
tion, all components can share a common ground plane.  
Thus, there would be no distinctions between “analog” or  
“digital” power and ground. The layout should still include  
a power plane, a ground plane, and careful decoupling. In  
a more extreme case, the design could include: multiple  
ADS1250s; extensive analog signal processing; one or more  
microcontrollers, digital signal processors, or microproces-  
sors; many different clock sources; and interconnections to  
various other systems. High resolution will be very difficult  
to achieve for this design. The approach would be to break  
the system into as many different parts as possible. For  
example, each ADS1250 may have its own “analog” pro-  
cessing front end, its own analog power and ground (possi-  
bly shared with the analog front end), and its own “digital”  
power and ground. The converter’s “digital” power and  
ground would be separate from the power and ground for the  
system’s processors, RAM, ROM, and “glue” logic.  
Actual Analog Input Voltage—The voltage at any one  
analog input relative to AGND.  
Full-Scale Range (FSR)—As with most A/D converters,  
the full-scale range of the ADS1250 is defined as the “input”  
which produces the positive full-scale digital output minus  
the “input” which produces the negative full-scale digital  
output. For example, with a 4.096V reference and a gain  
setting of 2, the differential full-scale range is  
2.048V – (–2.048V) = 4.096V.  
Least Significant Bit (LSB) Weight—This is the theoreti-  
cal amount of voltage that the differential voltage at the  
analog input would have to change in order to observe a  
change in the output data of one least significant bit. It is  
computed as follows:  
FullScaleRange  
LSBWeight =  
2N  
DEFINITION OF TERMS  
An attempt has been made to be consistent with the termi-  
nology used in this data sheet. In that regard, the definition  
of each term is given as follows:  
where N is the number of bits in the digital output.  
Conversion Cycle—The term conversion cycle, as used  
here, refers to the time period between DRDY pulses.  
Analog Input Differential Voltage—For an analog signal  
that is fully differential, the voltage range can be compared  
to that of an instrumentation amplifier. For example, if both  
®
ADS1250  
20  

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