SABMB2_V01 [ALD]

2-CHANNEL SUPERCAPACITOR AUTO BALANCING PCB;


型号：	SABMB2_V01
厂家：	ADVANCED LINEAR DEVICES
描述：	2-CHANNEL SUPERCAPACITOR AUTO BALANCING PCB 局域网 PC
文件：	总4页 (文件大小：432K)
中文：	中文翻译
下载：	下载PDF数据表文档文件

ADVANCED

LINEAR

EPAD

DEVICES, INC.

SABMB2/SABMB2XX

2-CHANNEL SUPERCAPACITOR AUTO BALANCING PCB

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The SABMB2 is a 2-channel Printed Circuit Board (PCB) designed

to be used with any member of the ALD9100XX family of SAB™

MOSFETs for system designers and application developers. SAB

The SABMB2 is a blank PCB, ready for an ALD9100XX to be

installed. For example, the SABMB225 is an SABMB2 board with

an ALD910025SALI installed and tested. These are rated for

industrial tempurature of -40°C to +85°C.

MOSFETs are exclusive EPAD MOSFETs that address leakage

and voltage balance of supercapacitor cells connected in series.

Imbalance of leakage currents, although much smaller in

magnitude than charging or discharging currents, need to be

balanced, as leakage currents are long-term DC values that

integrate and accumulate over time. SAB MOSFETs and the

SABMB2 boards are compact, economical and effective in

balancing any size supercapacitors with little or no additional power

dissipation. Each SABMB2 can balance two supercapacitors in a

series stack. It is the newest board to join the popular SABMB16,

which can balance two to four supercapacitors in a series stack.

These boards can be cascaded to balance multiple series stacks

of two supercapacitors each.

The SABMB2 board includes the following features for flexibility

in a variety of different applications:

1) One ALD9100XX Dual SAB MOSFET unit installed per

board.

2) Optional reverse biased external clamping power diodes

(schottky rectifiers) can be installed, on board where

necessary, across each SAB MOSFET.

3) Multiple SABMB2 PCBs can be cascaded to form a series

chain, paralleling a series-connected chain of

supercapacitor cells.

4) Compact size of 0.6 in. by 1.0 in. with mounting holes

5) Rated for RoHS compatible/industrial temperature range

of -40°C to +85°C

The SABMB2 is a simple, out-of-the-box plug-and-play PCB

solution for development, prototyping, demonstration and

evaluation, or production deployment. It is suited for balancing

supercapacitor stacks ranging from two in series to hundreds in

series, and for supercapacitors of 0.1F to 3000F and beyond. The

average additional power dissipation due to use of SABMB boards

is zero, which makes this method of supercapacitor balancing

very energy efficient. It is especially suited for low loss energy

harvesting and long life battery operated applications.

MECHANICAL DRAWING

Supercapacitors, also known as ultracapacitors, when connected

two cells in series can be balanced with a single ALD9100XX

package installed. Supercapacitors, when connected more than

two cells in series, can be balanced with more than one SABMBXX

board (each with ALD9100XX packages installed).

V+

SABMB2

ORDERING INFORMATION

1000 mil

Part Number

Description

Blank Universal PCB ready for one

ALD9100xx Dual SAB MOSFET

SABMB2

SABMB2XX

SABMB2 Board with one

ALD9100XXSALI

V-

Example:

SABMB225

SABMB2 Board with one

ALD910025SALI

600 mil

Note: SABMB2XX is optional with a specific

ALD9100XXSALI unit installed. XX = 16, 17, 18, 19, 20,

21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.

* Magnified, not to scale

See page 4 for full listing of part numbers.

www.aldinc.com

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The ALD9100XX SAB MOSFET family offers the user a selection

of different threshold voltages for various supercapacitor nominal

operating voltage values and desired leakage balancing

characteristics. Each SAB MOSFET generally requires connecting

its V+ pin to the most positive voltage and its V- and IC pins to the

most negative voltage within the package. Note that each Drain

pin has an internal reverse biased diode to its Source pin, and

each Gate pin has an internal reverse biased diode to V-. All

other pins must have voltages within V+ and V- voltage limits within

the same package unit.

a suitable component for such purpose. The appropriate level of

derating and margin allowance must also be added to assure long

term reliability of the PCB board.

SUPERCAPACITORS

Supercapacitors are typically rated with a nominal recommended

working voltage established for long life at their maximum rated

operating temperature. Excessive supercapacitor voltages that

exceed the supercapacitor’s rated voltage for a prolonged time

period will result in reduced operating life and eventual rupture

and catastrophic failure. To prevent such an occurrence, a means

of automatically adjusting (charge-balancing) and monitoring the

maximum voltage is required in most applications having two or

more supercapacitors connected in series, due to the different

internal leakage currents that vary from one supercapacitor to

another.

Standard ESD protection facilities and handling procedures for

static sensitive devices must also be used while installing the

ALD9100XX units. Once installed, the connection configuration

will protect the ALD9100XX units from ESD damage. When

connected to a supercapacitor stack, the ALD9100XX is further

protected from virtually any ESD damage due to the large

capacitance of the supercapacitors, which sinks any ESD charge

and thereby reduces any of the terminal voltages to minimal

harmless values.

Each supercapacitor has a tolerance difference in capacitance,

internal resistance and leakage current. These differences create

imbalance in cell voltages, which must be balanced so that any

individual cell voltage does not exceed its rated max. voltage.

Initially, cell voltage imbalance is caused by capacitance value

differences. Supercapacitors selected from the same manufacturer

make and model batch can be measured and matched to deliver

reasonable initial cell voltages. Next, cell voltage imbalance due

to individual cell leakage currents must be compensated.

SABMB2 PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS

The SABMB2 Printed Circuit Board is available as a blank PCB

board, made with RoHS compliant FR4 material, ready for

mounting one 8-lead ALD9100XX unit. These units are also

supplied and available with a 2-digit suffix, which denotes the

specificALD9100XX component mounted and tested on the PCB.

All that is required of the user is to mount the PCB and wire the

appropriate connections from the SABMB2 board to the respective

supercapacitor nodes.

The supercapacitor leakage current itself is a variable function of

its many parameters such as aging, initial leakage current at zero

input voltage, the material/construction of the supercapacitor, and

the operating bias voltage. Its leakage is also a function of the

charging voltage, the charging current, operating temperature

range and the rate of change of many of these parameters.

Supercapacitor balancing must accommodate these changing

conditions.

Each SABMB2 Printed Circuit Board has a single 8-lead SOIC

footprint and terminals labeled V+, A, B, C and V-. Each of these

terminals has two wiring holes for easier connection of the same

terminal node to two external connection points. V+ is directly

connected to terminal A, which must be connected to the most

positive voltage for the individual SABMB2 board. V- is directly

connected to terminal C, which must be connected to the most

negative voltage present for the same SABMB2 board. The other

terminal, namely B, must have voltages between V+ and V- for

proper operation of the board.

By using the appropriate ALD SAB MOSFET and the appropriate

SABMBXX board, users can compensate for all of these causes

of imbalance and automatically balance supercapacitors.

ENERGY HARVESTING APPLICATIONS

When two supercapacitors are installed to be balanced by SAB

MOSFETs, a single ALD9100XX unit can be mounted on the

SABMB2. Any number of SABMB2 boards can be daisy-chain

connected in series. For example, three SABMB2 boards, each

with an ALD910025SALI installed, can be connected in series to

a +15V power supply, provided care is taken to insure that each

SABMB2 board V- is connected to the V+ of the next SABMB2

board in series, such that each board would have typical internal

voltages from V+ to V- of +5.0V.

Supercapacitors offer an important benefit for energy harvesting

applications using a low energy source, by buffering and storing

such energy to drive a higher power load.

For energy harvesting applications, supercapacitor leakage

currents are a critical factor, as the average energy harvesting

input charge must exceed the average supercapacitor internal

leakage currents in order for any net energy to be harvested and

saved. Often, the input energy is variable, meaning that its input

voltage and current magnitude are not constant and may be

dependent upon a whole set of other parameters such as the

source energy availability, energy sensor conversion efficiency,

changing environmental conditions, etc.

The ALD9100XX is rated for reverse bias diode currents of up to

80mA maximum for each SAB MOSFET on board. Any reverse

bias condition as a result of changing supercapacitor voltages,

especially during fast supercapacitor discharge, could lead to some

internal nodes temporarily reverse biased with surge current in

excess of this limit. The SABMB2 board has additional optional

TO277 footprints for mounting external schottky rectifiers (power

diodes) to clamp such surge current transients. The user is advised

to determine the various power and current limits, including

temperature and heat dissipation considerations, when selecting

SAB MOSFETs used for charge balancing, due to their high input

threshold voltages, are completely turned off initially, consuming

zero drain current while the supercapacitor is being charged,

maximizing any energy harvesting gathering efforts. The SAB

MOSFET does not become active until the supercapacitor is

SABMB2/SABMB2XX

Advanced Linear Devices, Inc.

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already charged to over 90% of its max. rated voltage. The trickle

charging of supercapacitors with energy harvesting techniques

tends to work well with SAB MOSFETs as charge balancing

devices, as it is less likely to have high transient energy spurts

resulting in excessive voltage or current excursions.

SABMB2 PCB CONNECTION TO

SUPERCAPACITORS C1, C2

If an energy harvesting source only provides a few µA of current,

the power budget does not allow wasting any of this current on

capacitor leakage currents and power dissipation of resistor or

operational amplifier based charge-balancing circuits. It may also

be important to reduce long term leakage currents, as energy

harvesting charging at low levels may take up to many days.

V+

ꢀ

SABMB2

In summary, in order for an energy harvesting application to be

successful, the input energy harvested must exceed all the energy

required due to the leakages of the supercapacitors and the charge-

balancing circuits, plus any load requirements. With their unique

balancing characteristics and near-zero charge loss, SAB

MOSFETs are ideal devices for use in supercapacitor charge-

balancing in energy harvesting applications.

V-

BATTERY POWERED APPLICATIONS

V- TO NEXT BOARD V+

V+ TO NEXT BOARD V-

Many battery powered circuits requiring a supercapacitor to boost

power output can benefit from using SAB MOSFETs for

supercapacitor balancing. The additional power burn by using

SAB MOSFETs for supercapacitor stack balancing can actually

be negative, as adding SAB MOSFETs can save supercapacitor

leakage current and associated power dissipation by lowering the

operating bias voltage of the leakier supercapacitor. Applications

that depend on long life battery usage must take into account the

supercapacitor leakage current and balancing circuit power burn

because the currents involved are steady state DC currents that

are continuous throughout the lifetime of the application and its

battery life. The average added power dissipation with the addition

of the SABMB2 board is zero, provided the selection of the

operating voltages and SAB MOSFETs are appropriate for the

leakage currents of the supercapacitors specified.

V+

ꢀ

SABMB2

V-

CONNECTION TO OTHER SABMBXX PCBs

V- TO NEXT BOARD V+

V+ TO NEXT BOARD V-

The SABMB2 is compatible with other SABMBXX boards and is

designed to be used along with other SABMBXX boards connected

in series to achieve balancing the corresponding number of

supercapacitors installed in a series stack. For example, five

supercapacitors in series can be balanced with one SABMB2 PCB

and one SABMB16 PCB connected in series.

V+

ꢀ

SABMB2

For more information on the CHARACTERISTICS OF

SUPERCAPACITOR AUTO BALANCING (SAB^TM) MOSFETS,

please refer to the following documents:

*ALD8100XX/ALD9100XX FAMILY of SUPERCAPACITORAUTO

BALANCING (SAB^TM) MOSFET ARRAYS

* Individual datasheet for chosen SAB MOSFET.

CAUTION:

Users must limit the voltage across any ALD9100XX chip to

15.0V max.

* Magnified, not to scale

SABMB2/SABMB2XX

Advanced Linear Devices, Inc.

3 of 4

TYPICAL APPLICATION

< +15.0V

ID (ON) < 80 mA

V+

ALD9100XX

OPTIONAL

3, 8

1, 5

V-

NOTES

1. U1: 8L SOIC ALD9100XXSALI

2. D1, D2: OPTIONAL SCHOTTKY

RECTIFIER FOR REVERSE CURRENT

CLAMPING (TO277 FOOTPRINT)

3. C1, C2: SUPERCAPACITORS

EXTERNAL TO THE SABMB2 PCB

PCB PRODUCT PART NUMBERS

SABMB2

(blank PC Board)

SABMB216 (SAMB2 with one ALD910016SALI)

SABMB217 (SAMB2 with one ALD910017SALI)

SABMB218 (SAMB2 with one ALD910018SALI)

SABMB219 (SAMB2 with one ALD910019SALI)

SABMB220 (SAMB2 with one ALD910020SALI)

SABMB221 (SAMB2 with one ALD910021SALI)

SABMB222 (SAMB2 with one ALD910022SALI)

SABMB223 (SAMB2 with one ALD910023SALI)

SABMB224 (SAMB2 with one ALD910024SALI)

SABMB225 (SAMB2 with one ALD910025SALI)

SABMB226 (SAMB2 with one ALD910026SALI)

SABMB227 (SAMB2 with one ALD910027SALI)

SABMB228 (SAMB2 with one ALD910028SALI)

SABMB229 (SAMB2 with one ALD910029SALI)

SABMB230 (SAMB2 with one ALD910030SALI)

SABMB2/SABMB2XX

Advanced Linear Devices, Inc.

4 of 4

SABMB2_V01 [ALD]

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